DR. TOURNAY AND WADHAM COLLEGE.

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a great taste for landscape-gardening, soon attacked what was then a close or field, extending from the College to the Parks, and, at a considerable expense, formed the beautiful and extensive grounds and garden which are so well kept up by his successor1. I have spoken of Dr. Tournay as a bachelor, i. e. an unmarried man; and, in fact, he could not, according to the College Statutes, be otherwise. Though founded after the Reformation (viz. in 1613), celibacy was imposed upon the Wardens2. Against this narrow-minded restriction Warden Tournay undertook a generous tournament. I say 'generous,' because I believe that he never intended himself to introduce a wife into his Wadham Lodgings, even if the oaths on which he had been admitted did not exclude him from the privilege.

As the Heads of the old foundations had been relieved from a compulsory celibacy by Act of Parliament (or at least by a Protestant construction of the 'priesthood' in which they were included), the same power was sought for and obtained by the Warden of Wadham. In order, however, to do the thing quietly, as well as effectually, the permission for the future Wardens to marry was said to have been tacked on, as a 'rider,' and passed through Parliament as an appendage, to an Oxford Turnpike Bill! Dr. Tournay

1 One striking feature of the garden was entirely created by Warden Tournay, viz., the long terrace-walk on the east side, on which, till his health failed him, he was often seen taking his walk.

2 As an after-thought, according to traditionary report, and because the first Warden would not respond to Dorothy's wishes to be the first Wardeness. She had survived her husband, Nicholas Wadham, and had

full powers as co-foundress. However this may have been, in her anxiety for the purity of one sex and her jealous distrust of the other, she enacted that no females were to be suffered in the College: the laundress was not, on any account, to advance with her linen-baskets beyond the College-gateway!

declined the office of Vice-Chancellor, confining his public services to the duties of 'Curator of the Public Walks.' In that character, riding about on his pretty cob, he planned and superintended the formation of several of the road-side walks (now so valuable for our Tutors' 'constitutionals'), and particularly the pretty, winding path up the back of Headington Hill'.

Dr. Tournay resigned the Wardenship in 1831; that is, several years before his death, which took place in his private dwelling-place in St. Giles's Street2.

1 On this occasion the joke was applied to him which many years before had been applied to the Rev. Jo. Pullen' (when he planted the elm-tree, still called by his name, and formed the foot-path up the front of the same hill), viz. ‘that he had made a way [away] with the publicmoney.' Mr. Pullen's name was Josias, not Joseph.

2 As a concluding note on Heads of Houses, it may be observed that they had not always such an appropriate room as what is called 'The Delegates' Room' to assemble in. Laud fitted up for them (and for the University Court) what is called the Apodyterium. Where they met (if they did meet as a governing body) before that, is not, I believe, known. They had individually, in their respective Colleges, what a Cambridge wag called a Commination Room,' in which Undergraduates were received to be reprimanded.

CHAPTER VIII.

'Majus opus moveo.'—Virgil.

Recollections of Vice-Chancellors.

THE list of Vice-Chancellors in the Oxford University Calendar' begins with Dr. Landon in 1802. Surely it might just as well have been commenced at as early a period as that of the Chancellors, High Stewards, Heads of Colleges, and Professors. This might have been done (and in future Calendars may still be done) at the expense of a little research into the University Archives1.

I have a faint reminiscence of Dr. Isham (of All Souls)

1 Since this remark was written that omission has been amply filled up in Messrs. Parker's Ten Year Book, the list of Vice-Chancellors there commencing in 1568. As the subject of Chapter VII was introduced by an expression of the writer's deep reverence and respect, so the heading of this Chapter seems to suggest still greater caution in approaching such high-fenced ground. As however the latest of the individuals here mentioned is separated from us (at the time of writing this) by an interval of thirty years, the statement of a few Recollections' during thirty or forty years before that interval may well be allowed,honourable as they are to their memories; especially as they are associated with much that is academically interesting and historically important.

and Dr. Berdmore (of Merton) successively filling the ViceChancellor's seat at St. Mary's, each for one year only,— towards the end of the last century, between the Vice-Chancellorship of Dr. Cooke1 of Corpus and that of Dr. Marlow, whose quadriennium of office began in Michaelmas Term 1798. My first clear Recollection' of a dignified person, walking behind gold and silver staves, begins with Dr. Marlow, passing with his full attendance to read the Riot Act (or, at least, to be present at its reading) on Carfax, on occasion of what were then called 'bread-riots". My next recollection of Dr. Marlow as Vice-Chancellor was on my being matriculated at his Lodgings early in 1802. Before and after his Vice-Chancellorship (for the Vice-Chancellor is exempted from his preaching-turns as Head of a House) Dr. Marlow's sermons were considered sound and earnest discourses; but they alone were not thought to have gained for him his Stall at Canterbury. The University of Oxford had then the good fortune to have a Prime Minister (the Duke of Portland) for its Chancellor, and the four-years' Vice-Chancellorship was often followed by promotion to a Stall or a Deanery. Mrs. Marlow (for the transition from

1 I had, of course, no official connection with Dr. Cooke, excepting once (and in an irregular way) when, in the Long Vacation of 1806, or thereabout, no Vice-Chancellor or Pro-Vice being to be found, we of the Staff got 'old Dr. Cooke' to fill the Vice-Chancellor's seat at St. Mary's! though in strictness he had no more right to sit there than any other Doctor. Dr. Cooke was then, and for many years afterwards, highly respected; his little parlour at C.C.C. was for a long period the regular place of meeting for the County Magistrates on Saturdays;—the 'County Court' with all its conveniences having then no existence.

2 I had often seen tumultuous proceedings in our Oxford streets, at first political and revolutionary; latterly, in connection with the high price of bread, when a mouldy loaf was carried about upon a pole, and the bakers' shops occasionally cleared out by non-paying customers.

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Don to Donna is easy and natural) was very musical, and as she sometimes entertained persons of first-rate musical talent as her guests, it was a great treat to be present at her musical parties. She was a good, kind-hearted woman, and did a great many kind and liberal things both at Oxford and at Canterbury; but, from an unfortunately stiff carriage in society, she was sometimes styled 'the Duchess of Freezeland.' On becoming a widow she retired to private life at Bath, where for some years she was better understood and more justly appreciated1.

Dr. Landon, Provost of Worcester College, succeeded Dr. Marlow (in 1802) as Vice-Chancellor. Indeed, they were old friends and brother sportsmen (as far as shooting went to form that character), and occasionally, in autumn, doffed their don's-robes and donned their shooting-jackets2. Dr. Landon was a handsome, burly man, with a remarkably fine, rich-toned voice and impressive manner. Indeed, he

As has been said elsewhere in these 'Recollections,' the wives of all the Oxford dignitaries were not necessarily dignified. One individual certainly was not, who, intoxicated by her elevation, wrote thus to her cousin in the country-town she had left: · La! my dear, don't talk of what we were at ; at Oxford, I do assure you, we are little kings and queens!'

2 But not upon the sly,' as was said of Dr. Holmes; who having acquired a taste for shooting while Fellow of New College, sometimes took a day at Stanton Woods, when Canon of Christ Church. Unwilling to shock the starch-stiffness of the Christ Church of those days (i. e. about the end of the last century), he would walk up Headington Hill with his gown, &c. over his shooting dress, [there were no Hansom cabs at that time], and under the shelter of Jo. Pullen's tree (ulmi sub tegmine grati) put off the canonicals, take his gun, hat, and dog from a servant in waiting, and trudge on to the forest. Whether he reversed the ceremony on his return, and marched down the hill to the tune of 'cedant arma toga,' the story does not say.