was at my father's with a subscription paper to collect a sum for the support of Mr. Winchester while in town, to which I contributed 4/. A thunderstorm began toward evening. 23d. Finished two of Babcock's cuts (the Hieroglyphics and one of Bunce's ships. brass at Bailey's for the Seal. Drank a glass of mead there. Wrote several pages of Botanical Fable.

last of the book), 6 Bespoke a piece of

24th. This morning I spent some time at writing till I finished the Botanical Fable, with more pleasure than I began it. Returned Lee's Botany and got Sully's Memoirs from the City Library. Engraved at the map. Got the brass from Bailey's and paid 3. Afternoon called at Dr. Young's. Got b20 of type metal from G. Youle. Got a proof of Falconi's cut and left at his lodging. He is in the Jerseys. Mr. Reid paid me 10/ for the cut I did the other day. Mr. Maby was ushered into our Study, alias workshop. Rain towards night. I overhauled my chest.

25th. Morning-Cast a number of typemetal cuts. Received £2 in full from Jn. Harrison. Towards dark I began to work at the brass seal. Went with Mr. Gaine to his house and got a parcel of rules to finish. Paid 8d for 1 yd of shoe ribbon.

26th. Heard Mr. Bisset. Acts xxiv, 24, 25. In the afternoon, James Sacket accompanied us, who was much dissatisfied with the Catechising, as he called the service. Mr. Beach preached, Psalm civ, 24. After tea went to the circus and heard Mr. Winchester from these words, "I am the Resurrection and the Life," &c. After a walk with my brother returned home, where I found Dr. Young, old Mr. Herttell, his wife, and Mrs. H., Jr. The latter gave me an account of Capt. Sinclair's cruel usage of his son and servant. Harriet Bailey and her sister

Charlotte called to see us about 9 o'clock.

27th. Fell to work at the 15 rules for Gaine and finished them before 10 oclock. Paid G. Youle 16/6 for typemetal and Gardner & Niven 30/ for making 2 pairs of Nankeen breeches. Mr. Bunce sent to hurry me with the ships which I promised some time ago. Mr. J. Youle came to see if I had carved the device for his Cabouses. I wrought a little at the seal. Afternoon finished 5 ships and delivered to Bunce 4 Hieroglyphics, and began Youle's

work. Benj. Holmes * spent part of the afternoon and drank tea with us. The Final Restoration became a subject of debate between my brother and him. Mr. Stanford called upon me to consult about some vignettes or ornamental engravings for his periodical publication. Jamy McIntosh + came with two of his acquaintance, and we had a Calidonian Fiddling Frolic.

28th. Spent most of the forenoon carving Mr. Youle's pattern. Went to Mr. Gaine's office to see the rules which have been the means of putting him in a passion. Called at Seaman's to give consolation and advice to the poor old woman, and at Birdsall's, where I got no consolation, for I came away without cash. Finished 9 Hieroglyphics and 4 ships, the latter for Mr. Bunce. Evening copied a letter and read in Sully's Memoirs.

29th. Engraved 18 Hieroglyphics. Mr. Oram came with a parcel of Gaine's rules which were spoiled by an English Engraver. I corrected them. Mr. Winchester found the way into our room and sat a few minutes. Stopped at the house where Mrs. Rose lived, not knowing of her removal. Startled a young woman who was reading on the stoop.

30th. A rainy day. In the afternoon I finished the Seal and delivered it to Scoles, who paid me 28/. Before dark began Falconi's mermaid. This being in some measure a day of rest for my father, towards evening he took up the violin and gave us some sweet Scotch music.

31st. Engraving at the map. Caught cold from the dampness. of the floor under me. Mr. Reid came to know what progress had made. Having finished the cuts for the first 36 pages of the Hierog. Bible, I made a box and packed them up in it. Paid 1/ for stick of sealing wax. Afternoon, wrote and delivered a letter to A. Tiebout. Evening, read in Sully.

* Benjamin Holmes was a mason at 10 Rector street.

+ James McIntosh, a merchant at 14 Beekman slip.

THE MINOR AND OBSOLETE STREETS OF NEW

YORK.

A city that has not passed its meridian is continually changing its thoroughfares. They are becoming longer and wider, and their names are not permitted to remain as they were. To some a bad reputation is attached; others are not dignified enough, and still others offend some popular feeling. Thus in New York Anthony street, once inhabited by the vilest of the vile, has been christened anew as Worth street; Chatham street had acquired an unsavory fame as the place where old clothes dealers and Peter Funk operators were to be found, and its appellation has changed to Park row, thus losing a name identified with American and English history for the sake of an unmeaning and trivial one; King street was abolished because it reminded our people of royalty, and Tin Pot alley, briefest of all thoroughfares, was changed to Edgar street. The sensibilities of the neighbors could no longer be shocked by such an undignified title. The same course was adopted in France after the Revolution. Old streets had new names, on account of deeds of blood that had been done in them. In Paris many years after this one of Eugene Sue's novels gave so horrible a reputation to one of the thoroughfares that to prevent the almost total destruction of property upon it the name was changed. There is, too, a desire for alteration in order to give a compliment to some later person or thing. Thus in New York Jackson avenue has become University place, and in Albany Lydius street has become Madison avenue. In twenty or thirty years, when Madison's name shall no longer be regarded as one of the chief among Americans, that, too, may be altered. The roll call becomes greater each decade.

In the pages which follow a list is given of the obscure and forgotten streets of the metropolis. The books taken as authorities are Longworth's Directory of 1831, Doggett's of 1846, and Trow's of 1882. These are at a distance of fifteen and thirty-six years respectively from each other. There are only one or two street directories of an earlier date than the first of these.

At

the earliest of these periods New York had a population of about two hundred thousand; at the second four hundred thousand, and at the third thirteen hundred thousand. The upper limit of streets was, in 1831, about Sixth street; in 1846 about Eighteenth street, and in 1882 Fifty-seventh street. At each period there were large districts below these lines still unbuilt on, while in some localities houses were numerous still further in advance. Yet this distance may be said to be as high as there were any considerable number of houses. Fifth avenue had no city dwellings on till 1839, a country tavern being the sole structure before existing, and Broadway in 1831 ceased exact numbering below Great Jones street. Bond street was first built upon in 1822. Pretty little cottages could then be found as far down as Franklin street, each with a flower bed and garden.

The streets and public places of New York in 1831 were Albany, Albany Basin, Allen, Amity, Amity lane, Amos, Ann, Anthony, Art, Asylum, Attorney, Augustus, Avenues A, B, C, and D, Bank, Barclay, Barrow, Batavia, Battery place, Bayard, Beach, Beaver, Beekman, Benson, Bedford, Bethune, Birmingham, Bleecker, Bond, the Bowery, Bridge, Broad, Broadway, Broome, Burling slip, Burton, Canal, Cannon, Carlisle, Carmine, Caroline, Catharine, Catharine lane, Catharine slip, Cedar, Centre, Chambers, Chapel, Charles, Charlton, Chatham, Chatham square, Cherry, Chestnut, Christopher, Chrystie, Church, Clark, Clarkson, Cliff, Clinton, Coenties slip, Collister, Columbia, Commerce, Corlears, Cornelia, Cortlandt, Cortlandt alley, Crosby, Cross, Cuyler's alley, Delancey, Depeyster, Desbrosses, Dey, Division, Dominick, Dover, Downing, Doyers, Duane, Dutch, East Broadway, Eden's alley, Eighth, Eighteenth, Eldridge, Eleventh, Elizabeth, Elm, Essex, Exchange, Exchange place, Factory, Ferry, Fifteenth, Fifth, First, Fletcher, Forsyth, Fourteenth, Fourth, Frankfort, Franklin square, Franklin, Front, Fulton, Gay, Goerck, Gold, Gouverneur, Gouverneur alley, Grand, Great Jones, Green, Greene, Greenwich, Greenwich lane, Grove, Hague, Hamersley, Hamilton, Hammond, Hancock, Hanover, Harrison, Henry, Hester, Hoboken, Horatio, Houston, Howard, Hubert, Hudson, Jacob, James, James slip, Jane, Jay, Jefferson, Jersey, John, Jones, Jones lane, King, Lafayette

place, Laight, Laurens, Leonard, Leroy, Little Water, Lewis, Liberty, Lispenard, Ludlow, Lumber, Macdougal, Madison, Maiden lane, Mangin, Manhattan, Market, Marketfield, Mechanic alley, Mercer, Mill, Minetta, Monroe, Montgomery, Moore, Morris, Morton, Mott, Mulberry, Murray, Nassau, New, Nineteenth, Ninth, Norfolk, North, North Moore, Oak, Old Kiln road, Old slip, Oliver, Orange, Orchard, Park row, Park place, Pearl, Peck slip, Pelham, Pell, Perry, Pike, Pine, Pitt, Prince, Provost, Rector, Reade, Renwick, Republican alley, Ryder's alley, Ridge, Rivington, Robinson, Roosevelt, Rose, Rutgers, Scammel, Second, Seventh, Seventeenth, Sheriff, Sixth, Sixteenth, Smith, South, Spring, Spruce, Stanton, Staple, State, St. John's lane, Stone, Stuyvesant, Suffolk, Sullivan, Temple, Tenth, Thames, Theatre alley, Third, Thirteenth, Thomas, Thompson, Tompkins, Torbert, Twelfth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, Troy, Vandam, Vandewater, Varick, Vesey, Vestry, Walker, Wall, Walnut, Warren, Washington, Water, Weehawken, Watts, West, White, Whitehall, Willett, William, Wooster and York, besides the ten numbered avenues.

East Broadway had formerly been Harman street, Grove had been Burrows and Monroe had been Lombardy. The highest numbered street was Twenty-first. It was opened from the North River to Third avenue; Twentieth was opened from Sixth avenue to the river; Nineteenth, Eighteenth and Seventeenth the same distance; Sixteenth from the river to Seventh avenue; Fifteenth from Eighth avenue to Broadway, and Fourteenth, which was the jail limits, from the North River to Third avenue. None of these streets had houses upon them numbered. The same is practically true of the numbered avenues. The highest number on Sixth avenue was 75, which was at the corner of Sixth street; First avenue had some numbers below Second street; and there were a few numbers on Avenue D. Madison and Lexington avenues had not been planned, nor Eleventh, Twelfth and Thirteenth avenues, and Fourth and Tenth avenues had not been opened.

There was no numbering in Amity lane, Art, Battery place, Benson, Bond, Collister, Cortlandt alley, Cuyler's alley, Dover, Eden's alley, Eighth, Eleventh, Fifth, Gouverneur alley, Great