Scientific Knowledge and Its Social ProblemsTransaction Publishers - 449 páginas Science is continually confronted by new and difficult social and ethical problems. Some of these problems have arisen from the transformation of the academic science of the prewar period into the industrialized science of the present. Traditional theories of science are now widely recognized as obsolete. In Scientific Knowledge and Its Social Problems (originally published in 1971), Jerome R. Ravetz analyzes the work of science as the creation and investigation of problems. He demonstrates the role of choice and value judgment, and the inevitability of error, in scientific research. Ravetz's new introductory essay is a masterful statement of how our understanding of science has evolved over the last two decades. |
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Página vii
... Science ? ' 2. Social Problems of Industrialized Science ix XXV I 7 = 3 II PART II . THE ACHIEVEMENT OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE 3. Science as Craftsman's Work 4 : Scientific Inquiry : Problem - Solving on Artificial Objects 5. Methods 6 ...
... Science ? ' 2. Social Problems of Industrialized Science ix XXV I 7 = 3 II PART II . THE ACHIEVEMENT OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE 3. Science as Craftsman's Work 4 : Scientific Inquiry : Problem - Solving on Artificial Objects 5. Methods 6 ...
Página ix
... science , I had to see how the social aspects of science condition the way that scientific knowledge is achieved . All this is still relevant today ; and although in some areas scholars have produced more detail and new insights , there ...
... science , I had to see how the social aspects of science condition the way that scientific knowledge is achieved . All this is still relevant today ; and although in some areas scholars have produced more detail and new insights , there ...
Página x
... Scientific Knowledge . " This is based on the idea of " science as craft work . " With " science " interpreted as scholar- ship or research in the broadest sense , my analysis was not only well received by reviewers , but has also stood ...
... Scientific Knowledge . " This is based on the idea of " science as craft work . " With " science " interpreted as scholar- ship or research in the broadest sense , my analysis was not only well received by reviewers , but has also stood ...
Página xvi
... Science , " in The Merger of Knowledge with Power ) . Finally , I argue that real scientific knowledge is the outcome of all these processes of differentiation and standardization , and establishment of separate pathways back into ...
... Science , " in The Merger of Knowledge with Power ) . Finally , I argue that real scientific knowledge is the outcome of all these processes of differentiation and standardization , and establishment of separate pathways back into ...
Página xxii
... science . " This began on the topic of uncertainty in quantitative infor- mation , which is apparently as nonpolitical ... scientific knowledge . Perhaps points that seemed obscure or paradoxical at the time of first publication will now ...
... science . " This began on the topic of uncertainty in quantitative infor- mation , which is apparently as nonpolitical ... scientific knowledge . Perhaps points that seemed obscure or paradoxical at the time of first publication will now ...
Índice
1 | |
7 | |
11 | |
SOCIAL PROBLEMS OF INDUSTRIALIZED SCIENCE | 31 |
THE ACHIEVEMENT OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE | 69 |
SCIENCE AS CRAFTSMANS WORK | 75 |
SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY PROBLEM SOLVING ON ARTIFICIAL OBJECTS | 109 |
METHODS | 146 |
THE MANAGEMENT OF NOVELTY | 260 |
QUALITY CONTROL IN SCIENCE | 273 |
ETHICS IN SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITY | 289 |
SCIENCE IN THE MODERN WORLD | 315 |
TECHNICAL PROBLEMS | 321 |
PRACTICAL PROBLEMS | 339 |
IMMATURE AND INEFFECTIVE FIELDS OF INQUIRY | 364 |
CONCLUSION THE FUTURE OF SCIENCE | 403 |
FACTS AND THEIR EVOLUTION | 181 |
THE SPECIAL CHARACTER OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE | 209 |
SOCIAL ASPECTS OF SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITY | 241 |
THE PROTECTION OF PROPERTY | 245 |
INDEX OF NAMES | 437 |
INDEX OF TOPICS | 443 |
GENERAL INDEX | 446 |
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Términos y frases comunes
academic accepted achieved activity adequacy advance analysis applied argument aspects assessment become cause century character complex concept concerned conclusions considered course craft criteria critical depends derived difficult discipline discussion effective established ethical evidence example existing experience facts field final formal function genuine goals Hence human important individual industry inquiry intellectual involved journals judgements later less materials mathematical matured means methods moral natural necessary objects operation original particular performed philosophy physics pitfalls political possible practical practical problems present principle problems production pure recognized relation requires scientific inquiry scientific knowledge scientists seen sense significant simple situation skills social society solution solved sort standard style successful task technical testing theory things tion traditional University
Pasajes populares
Página 354 - Practical men, who believe themselves to be quite exempt from any intellectual influences, are usually the slaves of some defunct economist. Madmen in authority, who hear voices in the air, are distilling their frenzy from some academic scribbler of a few years back.
Página 158 - Our discussion will be adequate if it has as much clearness as the subject-matter admits of, for precision is not to be sought for alike in all discussions, any more than in all the products of the crafts.
Página 66 - The mental grasp of this extrapersonal world within the frame of the given possibilities swam as highest aim half consciously and half unconsciously before my mind's eye. Similarly motivated men of the present and of the past, as well as the insights which they had achieved, were the friends which could not be lost. The road to this paradise was not as comfortable and alluring as the road to the religious paradise; but it has proved itself as trustworthy, and I have never regretted having chosen...
Página 66 - ... from an existence which is dominated by wishes, hopes and primitive feelings. Out yonder there was this huge world, which exists independently of us human beings and which stands before us like a great, eternal riddle, at least partially accessible to our inspection and thinking.
Página 18 - Andrew Dickson White, A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom (2 vols.; New York, 1897).
Página 63 - And this we do also ; we have consultations, which of the inventions and experiences, which we have discovered, shall be published, and which not : and take all an oath of secrecy, for the concealing of those which we think fit to keep secret : though some of those we do reveal sometimes to the state, and some not.
Página 32 - But nevertheless the year that Rutherford died there disappeared forever the happy days of free scientific work which gave us such delight in our youth. Science has lost her freedom. Science has become a productive force. She has become rich but she has become enslaved and part of her is veiled in secrecy. I do not know whether Rutherford would continue nowadays to joke and laugh as he used to do.
Página 158 - In the same spirit, therefore, should each type of statement be received; for it is the mark of an educated man to look for precision in each class of things just so far as the nature of the subject admits...
Referencias a este libro
Laboratory Life: The Construction of Scientific Facts Bruno Latour,Steve Woolgar No hay ninguna vista previa disponible - 1986 |
What Is This Thing Called Science? (Third Edition) Alan F. Chalmers No hay ninguna vista previa disponible - 1999 |