Scientific Knowledge and Its Social ProblemsTransaction Publishers - 449 páginas Science is continually confronted by new and difficult social and ethical problems. Some of these problems have arisen from the transformation of the academic science of the prewar period into the industrialized science of the present. Traditional theories of science are now widely recognized as obsolete. In Scientific Knowledge and Its Social Problems (originally published in 1971), Jerome R. Ravetz analyzes the work of science as the creation and investigation of problems. He demonstrates the role of choice and value judgment, and the inevitability of error, in scientific research. Ravetz's new introductory essay is a masterful statement of how our understanding of science has evolved over the last two decades. |
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Página xx
... mathematics could I believe that ecology would become the " critical science " ; and finally that I had fudged the issue of the relations between the radical reform of science and that of society at large . The last comment is correct ...
... mathematics could I believe that ecology would become the " critical science " ; and finally that I had fudged the issue of the relations between the radical reform of science and that of society at large . The last comment is correct ...
Página xxvi
... mathematics , Professor A. S. Besicovitch , F.R.S. At the ( then ) Durham Colleges in the University of Durham , I found myself the protege and friend of the Warden , Sir James Fitzjames Duff ; and through him learned more of the subtle ...
... mathematics , Professor A. S. Besicovitch , F.R.S. At the ( then ) Durham Colleges in the University of Durham , I found myself the protege and friend of the Warden , Sir James Fitzjames Duff ; and through him learned more of the subtle ...
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Índice
1 | |
7 | |
11 | |
SOCIAL PROBLEMS OF INDUSTRIALIZED SCIENCE | 31 |
THE ACHIEVEMENT OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE | 69 |
SCIENCE AS CRAFTSMANS WORK | 75 |
SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY PROBLEM SOLVING ON ARTIFICIAL OBJECTS | 109 |
METHODS | 146 |
THE MANAGEMENT OF NOVELTY | 260 |
QUALITY CONTROL IN SCIENCE | 273 |
ETHICS IN SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITY | 289 |
SCIENCE IN THE MODERN WORLD | 315 |
TECHNICAL PROBLEMS | 321 |
PRACTICAL PROBLEMS | 339 |
IMMATURE AND INEFFECTIVE FIELDS OF INQUIRY | 364 |
CONCLUSION THE FUTURE OF SCIENCE | 403 |
FACTS AND THEIR EVOLUTION | 181 |
THE SPECIAL CHARACTER OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE | 209 |
SOCIAL ASPECTS OF SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITY | 241 |
THE PROTECTION OF PROPERTY | 245 |
INDEX OF NAMES | 437 |
INDEX OF TOPICS | 443 |
GENERAL INDEX | 446 |
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Términos y frases comunes
academic science achieved activity analysis applied argument aspects assessment become caloric theory complex concept conceptual objects conclusions corruption craft knowledge criteria of adequacy critical science derived Descartes discipline discussion effective established ethical evidence existing experience external world facts folk-science formal Francis Bacon function Galileo genuine goals Hence history of science human immature field intellectual property intellectually constructed investigation involved journals judgements Lincoln Steffens London materials mathematical matured ment methods Michael Polanyi moral natural philosophy natural science objects of inquiry operation particular philosophy of science physics pitfalls political practical problems present prestige production quality control recognized relation relevant requires research report scientific inquiry scientific knowledge scientific problem scientists significant skills social society solution solved sophisticated sort standard style subtle successful task technical problems testing theory things and events tion traditional University
Pasajes populares
Página 354 - Practical men, who believe themselves to be quite exempt from any intellectual influences, are usually the slaves of some defunct economist. Madmen in authority, who hear voices in the air, are distilling their frenzy from some academic scribbler of a few years back.
Página 158 - Our discussion will be adequate if it has as much clearness as the subject-matter admits of, for precision is not to be sought for alike in all discussions, any more than in all the products of the crafts.
Página 66 - The mental grasp of this extrapersonal world within the frame of the given possibilities swam as highest aim half consciously and half unconsciously before my mind's eye. Similarly motivated men of the present and of the past, as well as the insights which they had achieved, were the friends which could not be lost. The road to this paradise was not as comfortable and alluring as the road to the religious paradise; but it has proved itself as trustworthy, and I have never regretted having chosen...
Página 66 - ... from an existence which is dominated by wishes, hopes and primitive feelings. Out yonder there was this huge world, which exists independently of us human beings and which stands before us like a great, eternal riddle, at least partially accessible to our inspection and thinking.
Página 18 - Andrew Dickson White, A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom (2 vols.; New York, 1897).
Página 63 - And this we do also ; we have consultations, which of the inventions and experiences, which we have discovered, shall be published, and which not : and take all an oath of secrecy, for the concealing of those which we think fit to keep secret : though some of those we do reveal sometimes to the state, and some not.
Página 32 - But nevertheless the year that Rutherford died there disappeared forever the happy days of free scientific work which gave us such delight in our youth. Science has lost her freedom. Science has become a productive force. She has become rich but she has become enslaved and part of her is veiled in secrecy. I do not know whether Rutherford would continue nowadays to joke and laugh as he used to do.
Página 158 - In the same spirit, therefore, should each type of statement be received; for it is the mark of an educated man to look for precision in each class of things just so far as the nature of the subject admits...
Referencias a este libro
Laboratory Life: The Construction of Scientific Facts Bruno Latour,Steve Woolgar No hay ninguna vista previa disponible - 1986 |
What Is This Thing Called Science? (Third Edition) Alan F. Chalmers No hay ninguna vista previa disponible - 1999 |