by any Perfon, made him have an Aversion to Wine.

THERE was a Spring in the Island of Chios, made those that tafted thereof ftupid; and at Sufa in Perfia, there was a little Well, which made their Teeth fall out that drank thereof. The Studious may collect feveral other strange Properties of Fountains, in reading of Authors. Their Caufes proceed from the Situation, or peculiar Properties of the Places where they are found (m).

PROPOSITION XVII.

To enumerate thofe Fountains that flow only at certain Times, or that ebb and flow; and to explain their Caufe.

THIS Propofition belongs to the preceding Chapter, because it is about marvellous Waters, and being then omitted, it shall be explained here.

(m) Jofephus, the Historian, tells us of a River, which for fix Days runs violently fwift, and refteth on the seventh always; wherefore it is called the River of the Sabbath. Tavernier tells of a Well at Schiras in Perfia, which is fifteen Years rifing to the top, and fifteen Years finking to the bottom. About two Leagues from Paderborn, is a treble Spring called Methorn,which has three Streams two whereof are not above a Foot and a half diftant from one another, and yet of fo different Qualities, that whereas one of them is limpid, blueifh, luke warm, and bubbling; the other is Ice-cold, turbid, whitish, and heavier than the

lower than the other two, a'bout twenty Paces diftant from 'them, is of a greenish Colour,

6

very clear, and of a four sweet Tafe, pleafing enough.' Philof. Trans. No 7. Pag. 133. At the City of Toledo in Spain, there is a Fountain, whose Waters near the bottom, are of an acid Tafte, but towards the Surface extreamly fweet. Near to Sanyenga (a Village not far from Rio de la Grace, in Negroland) is a Well of ten Fathom deep, whofe Water is naturally fo very sweet, that in Tafte it comes nothing short of ordinary Sugar. Gordon.

IN

IN Wales, not far from Dinevowr Castle [near Carmarthen,] there is a Fountain which ebbs and flows every day with the Sea, and obferves it's Hours.

THE like Flux and Reflux, is obferved in another on the top of a high Hill, in the Province of Connaught in Ireland, and yet the Water is fweet; the fame is obferved in the Fountain Lou Zara, upon the Chabretian Mountains in Gallicia, twenty Leagues from the Sea; alfo in the Village Marface in Guienne, there is a Fountain that follows the Tides at Sea, and flows at the fame Time with the Garonne at Bourdeaux. There are other Fountains that are faid to increafe and decrease contrary to the Tides, fuch as Strabo and Mela report to have been in the Island of Gades (Cadiz) (n).

IN Wales, near the Mouth of the River Severn, there is a Pool called Linliguna, which fwallows up the Water of the Flood Tides, as long as they flow (but is not increased thereby): but when they begin to ebb, then it begins to rife, and to vomit out the Water with great Vehemence all round it's Banks.

IN Cantabria (Bifcay) there are the Tamarician Fountains, of which three out of the four, are dried up twelve times every day, so that there seems

(2) At a fmall Village called Newton, in Glamorganshire, is a remarkable Spring nigh the Sea, which ebbs and flows contrary to the Tides. Lay-Well, near Torbay, ebbs and flows very often every Hour, vifibly enough; fometimes fixteen, fometimes twenty times. The Distance between high and low Water Mark, is about five or fix Inches. It is very pleasant to drink, and

feems to have no Communi

⚫cation with the Sea'. Philof.

to be no Water in them. Pliny relates this, but I queftion whether fuch are to be found now.

IN the Dukedom of Anjou, above Saumur, there is a Village called Varuas, from whence a Rivulet flows twice daily, and twice ceases or ftag

nates.

IN Savoy, there is a large Spring called the Wonderful Fountain, which ebbs twice every Hour and flows twice, making a great Noife before it begins to flow. It runs into the Lake Bourget.

ON the Mountains of Foix (in Languedoc, a Province of France) near the Village Belleftade, is the fource of the River Lers, which in June, July, and August, ebbs and flows twenty four times every Day. Bertius relates this from Papyrius.

IN the part of Weftphalia, called Paderborn, there is a Fountain that ebbs and flows twice every Day, tho' it emits as much Water as, a little below the Fountain, turns three Mill-wheels. It breaks out with a great Noife, and therefore (as we faid before) is called Bolderborn [i. e. the boiftrous Spring].

IN the Town of Villanova in Portugal, there is a Fountain, commonly visited, that flows only from the beginning of May, to the beginning of November, and then leaves off; as Eufebius Nierembergius relates.

IN the County of Valais, in Germany, not far from the Baths called Leuckerbad, there is a Fountain called St Mary's Well; it ceafes to fpring on St Mary's Day in Autumn, May.

and returns in

IN [Carniola,] not far from Laubach, there is a Lake that is fo dry in Summer, that it is fowed and mowed (0). The Water returns in Autumn,

and

() This Lake is fo very re- ! Defcription here, which we fhall markable, that it will deferve a give from Philof. Tranfact. No

54,

1

and brings Fifh with it. Not far from hence, there is a Fountain that hath the fame Property.

54, 109, 191. It is called the Zirchnitzer Sea, fromZirchnitz, a Town upon it's Banks, of a bout three hundred Houfes. The Lake is near two German Miles long, and one broad. It is furrounded everywhere withmountains, and no where runs over. In June, July, and fometimes not till Auguft, the Water runs a way, and finks under Ground, not only by Percolation, or falling through the Pores of the Earth, but by retiring under Ground, thro' many great Holes at the bottom; the little, if any, that remains in the hilly or rocky Part, is evaporated; and in October or Novemb. it most commonly returns again (though not at any certain Time) and foon covers the Tract of Earth again. This Return and Afcent is fo fpeedy, and it mounts at the Holes with fuch Violence, that it fprings out of the Ground, to the height of a Pike.

The Holes are in the shape of Bafons or Cauldrons, which are not of the fame Depth or Breadth, being from twenty to fixty Cubits more or less broad, and from eight to twenty Cubits deep. In the Bottom of these are feveral Holes, at which the Water and Fishes enter, when the Lake ebbs away. These are not in foft or loofe Earth, but commonly made in the folid Rock.

The Lake being thus every Year wet and dry, ferves the Inhabitants for many purposes. For firft, while it is full of Wa

SO

ter, it draws to it feveral forts of wild Geefe and Ducks, and other Water-Fowl, which may be fhot, and are very good Meat. 2. As foon as the Lake is emptied, they pluck up the Rushes and Weeds, which make Litter for Cattle. 3. Twenty Days after it is fully dry, they cut a great Quantity of Hay upon it. 4. After the Hay is in, they plow it, and fow Millet, which generally comes to Maturity. 5. There is great Variety of Hunting; there coming out of the neighbouring Woods and Mountains, plenty of Hares, Foxes, Deer, Swine, Bears, &c. fo foon as the Water is gone. 6. When it is full, one may Fifh in it. 7. All the Time when the Water goes away, it yields great abundance of Fish, which they catch in the Pits and Places, where the Holes are nor big enough to admit them under Ground. Laftly, when the Water returns, it brings a fort of Ducks with it, which are bred under Ground, and when they first come out can fwimwell enough, but are stark Blind, and have few or no Feathers on them. They foon fee after they come into the Light, and in a fmall time get their Feathers, being much like Wild- Duks, and are of a goodTafte, and easily caught.

The Cause, or rather Modus, of all these wonderfulPhænomena in this Lake, is fuppofed to be, a Lake (viz. a fubterraneous one) under the Bottom of this,

SECT. IV. SO the Pool or Lake of Maron, between the Sea of Galilee, and the City Belena, is fo dry in Summer, that it brings forth tall Herbs and Shrubs, yielding shelter to Lions, Wolves, and other wild Beasts.

IN Guienne, near the Church of St Jean d'Angeli, there is another that hath almost no Water in it in Winter, but abundance in Summer.

THE like is found in Spain, about twelve Miles from Valladolid, which begins to flow in May, and gives over in November.

ALL hot Baths flow without ceafing, except thofe, already mentioned, in the Grifons Country.

with which it communicates by the feveral Holes defcribed. There are alfo one or more Lakes, under the bordering Mountain Javornick, but whofe Surface is higher than that of the Lake of Zirchnitz. This upper Lake is poffibly fed by fome of the many Rivers, which in this Country bury them felves under Ground. When it rains, especially in Thunderfhowers, which are the most hafty, the Water is precipitated with great Violence down the fteep Vallies, in which

are the Chanels of these Rivulets; fo that the Water in this Lake being increased by the fudden coming of the Rains, fafter than it can empty, fwells prefently, and finding feveral Holes or Caverns in the Mountain higher than it's ordinary Surface, it runs over by them into the fubterraneous Lake under that of Zirchnitz, into which the Water comes up by the feveral Holes or Pits in the Bottom thereof, as likewife by vifible Paffages above Ground.

SECT.