Retaliation in International Law

action acts of force adopted American Armed Neutralities arrest authorized belligerent Berlin Decree Britain British British and Foreign captured cargo carry century Charter claimed commerce compensation contraband decision declared demands denial of justice droit Dutch effect employed enemy port enforce England English Foreign Relations Foreign State Papers France French French decrees granted high seas Ibid illegal international law justified king law of nations letters of marque letters of reprisal London Majesty Majesty's Government ment merchant ships Milan decrees Napoleon Napoleonic Wars naval neutral reprisals neutral rights neutral ships offending Orders in Council pacific blockade Paris passim peace peacetime Portugal practice principle prisals private reprisals prize courts Prize Law protest public reprisals question redress refusal regarded regulation repeal représailles resort to reprisals retaliatory acts retaliatory decrees retaliatory measures Scott secure seized seizure sovereign Spain subjects submarine taken tion trade treaty U-boat United violation warfare