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Londen

Middlefex

6 10

8

8

Surry

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64

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Prices of Grain-Meteorological Diary.-Bill of Mortality.

AVERAGE PRICES OF CORN, from July 4, to on the

Wheat Rye Bar. Oats Beans
s. d.ls. d.ls. d.fs. d.ls. d.
3/3-7/3 4/23/3 24ETex!

COUNTIES INLAND.

100 -0,3 2 3 10

COUNTIES Upon the COAST.

Suffolk

6,2
13 32 2

Norfolk

6

3 23

32

312

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Hertford

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6

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3

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Durham

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Northumberland 6 O
Cumberland 7
Wefimoreland 7. 61

Lancashire

3 2 2

24

22

Rut and

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Chefhite

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Monmouth

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7100
7 106
786 04

4 02 03

~ 22W N N N

2 6

712 74

43

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32

Somerfet

Derby

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7,4 4

Devon

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Cornwall

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Dorfet

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Hampshire

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Suffex

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Warwick

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Gloocefter

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630 3 2

WALES.

6 65 43 11 4 0 6 516 5:3 711 934

A Meteorological DIARY of the Weather for AUGUST, 1773.

Baram. Therm."

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Kent

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North Wales
South Wales

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SW

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Bid of Mortality from June 21, 1774, to July 28, 1774.

1606

Females

777

Females 827

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1669

Whereof have died under two years old 593

Peck Loaf as. Se

2 and 5 210
5 and 10
10 and 20
20 and 30

50 and 60 63.

126
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60 and 70

95

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190 and co 40 and 50 160

THE

Gentleman's Magazine;

For

JULY,

1774.

DEBATES in the feventh Selfion of the livery of London. The gentlemen

the prefent PARLIAMENT.

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R. Hopkins in troduced the petition of John Roberts, Eiq lee'p.247, nearly in words to this effect:

Mr. Hopkins

Iife to move for leave to prefecit a petition from John Roberts, Efq; complaining of an undue election and return for a member to ferve in parlia. ment for the city of London. That gentleman, however ambitious he may be of a feat in this honourable Houle, would have badly troubled you on this occasion, merely on his own account; but, thinking it his dusy to obey the withes of his conftiments, and 10 preferve the rights of 2481 liverymen, who have given him their fufTrages, le means to preferve from violation that inestimable bleffing, the freedom of election; I therefore move, that this petition be taken into confi deration on Monday three weeks, the 14th of Februry. The mistake as to the date was afterwards rectified by the Speaker, by inferting the 21st for the 14th.]

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The Lord Mayor:] Mr. Speaker, I any forty to find the Houfe is to have any trouble on my account. Notwithtanding it was faid there would-be a pention, confcious that there was not the fightelt foundation for it, I did not expect that any would have been prefented. I can declare, with the utmost truth, I have used no unfair methods, nor exerted any undue infiuence, to fucceed in my election. I ove the honourable feat I have in this! Houfe folely to the favourable opinion! of my conftituents and fellow-citizens,

who interelled themfelves in my favour well knew, that I did not with for a fear, even in this great council of the nation, if it could not be obtained: without a violation of the first principles of the conttirution, or injuftice to any individual. I am therefore ready to aniwer every objection, and perfectly easy about the event, being fatisfied that Mr. Roberts and myfeif will have equal juttice rendered to us by this honourable Houfe.-[During this fhort fpeech there was a profound filence throughout the Houte.]

Mr. Sawbridge ] I defire that the act of the 11th of George I. for 1egelating the elections of members to ferve in parliament for the city of Lon-" don, may be read *. The defi n of this act was evidently intended to prevent the great expence and long delays whi hi conioverted elections in that city might occafion, where the" electors are fo very numerous. The right of final decifion is there vefted in the returning officers; nor can I think the Houfe have a right to interfere, without a manifeft breach of that act, unless it appears that the theriffs have, in the first inftance, fuled to comply with the terms of it. Mr. Roberts, when the majority on the poll was against him, demanded a fcrutiny," which the heriffs, confcious of their uprightnets, very readily granted; but Mr. Roberts, before the fcrutiny was finished, declined carrying it on, which, to all intents and purpofes, in my opinion, precludes Mr. Roberts from any claim to the interpofition of this Houfe. le was the general with of every friend to the freedom of election in the city of London, that Mr. Koberts might go on with his ferutiny; because thenit would have most inconteftibly appeared, that Mr. Roberts could have' no pretenfions to a feat in this House,

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292

Proceedings in Parliament, 1774.

the majority of the livery of London being clearly against him. This petition therefore can only create trouble, and therefore I am against its going before the committee.

Mr. Charles Fox.] I am not at all furprized that the honourable gentle. man (Mr. Sawbridge) fhould imagine that the House have no right to interfere on the prefent occafion, for I can eally conceive the reafons which induce him to be of that opinion, as he imagines it has relinquished all its power by the late act for regulating controverted elections. He is, however, too late in his objection, as it does not now rest with us to refuse to refer the petition, it being once received. I do not at prefent fee the honourable gentleman who last year moved to make this act perpetual. I fincerely defire that it may be again agitated, as I hope to be one who shall heartily join in expreffing the fulleft difapprobation of it, in order that the Toufe may again recover that inherent right, which is at proient veled in a body, I may fay, totally unconnected with it, and who in disfranchifing the borough of Shoreham have already abused their power,

Mr. T. Townbend.] I cannot fit filent, and hear an act of the legiflature fpoken of in fuch reprehenfible and indecent terms. The part of the Houfe the gentleman now fits in was formerly occupied by thofe appointed to determine undue elections. I dare fay he is very well qualified for an election-manager; we can hardly doubt of his acquired or hereditary talents for fuch an employment. However I might have differed with the honourable gentleman (Mr. Grenville) in political fentiments, to whom we are indebted for this very falutary a&t, I irad always the higheft veneration for his integrity and great abilities; nor can there be a ftronger instance of the great utility of the act, than the fenfe enterained of it by the gentlemen whofe rights are now to be determined by it. The imputation thrown out on the committee that determined the Shoreham election is by no means jufl; or, if it had, the abuse of a power by nu Tueans proves that it was improper to delegate it: befides, the act of diefranchifement cannot, with any degree of justice, be laid to the commit. tee, when it is recollected, that it was, the folemn act of the whole legislature,

Mr. Rigby.] Though it was the Act of the Legislarme, the grounds on which it was formed originated

with the Committee; nor can the annals of Parliament furnish another inAtance of fuch an indifcriminate punishment. If gentlemen with by a fide glance to cut off what they term the rotten part of the conftitution, would it not be more fair to declare themselves openly For what will be the confequence? Why, if any intance of bribery be proved, no more is required than to procure an act of disfranchisement, and the bufinef's is done. The evil will not top here, but will extend to burgage tenures, and even to cities. Thus, if the freemen of Worcester fhould be proved guilty of bribery, as you have reason to believe from the tenor of the petition now before the Houfe they may, that city may meet with the fame fate with that of the borough of Shoreham; and probably, in the general rage for disfranchifing,, the city of London itself may not escape.

Col. Onflow.] The honourable gentleman [Mr. Sawbridge) has in formed us, that Mr. Roberts demanded a ferutiny, and that he declined carrying it on; but he forgot to tell us the reason why he declined it. Mr. Roberts, being himself unacquainted with the City laws, demanded council, that justice might be done him in the courfe of the fcrutiny, This reasonable demand, contrary to the ufage of the City of London, and unprecedented in the general conduct of elections, was denied him; and therefore he chofe rather to have recourfe to the impartiality of a Parlia mentary forutiny, than to truft himself in the bands of fuch partial fcrutinizers, And no man, furely, can have a jutter claim to prefer a petition, and to have it fairly heard.

Sir Jofeph Mabey.] The honourable gentleman who has now told the Heufe that Mr. Roberts was refufed council, appears to have been mif informed. Mr. Roberts began his ferutiny without council, and did not give notice to the Lurd. Mayor of his intention until a day or two before the Sheriffs were obliged to make their return of a Member. By this artful method of demanding con il at fuch a time, it was thought, when no other hope was left, to have prolonged the time, and to have defeated the electiên by › protra&ing the return. He can there, fore have no right to petition on this ground,

The motion, however, paffed without a divison,

Proceedings in Parliament, 1774

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293

This bufinefs being thus difpofed of, fils of us, he thought it was hard to deLord Barrington and Sir Charles Cocks ny them a morfel of bread. produced estimates of the fums necef- Mr. V. defired, if 2000 quar

fary for defraying the expences of theters of wheat, flour, and biscuit, were

army and office of ordnance for the prefent year; and, while the several articles were reading, the greatest part of the members were upon their legs to leave the House: upon which Mr. Sawbridge faid, that he was forry to fee the Houfe fo inattentive, when millions were voting away. This rebuke had its effect upon some; but those who were upon the floor went out. Those who remained impatiently ftaid to hear the articles read. Mr. T. Townshend obferved, that Mr. Grenville, while in adminiftration, made a point of explaining to the Houfe the feveral articles of the fupplies; but now it was the practice to pafs them without fo much as enquiry. It was not therefore to be won. dered at that they encreafed year after year, as there was no check to stop their proceeding.

Mr. Dowdeswell obferved, that, if things were fuffered to go on in the fame manner long, we fhould, it was to be feared, have more debt than the ftate would ever be able to pay.

Mr. Conway made a fort apology for the excess of the ordnance, which was about 26,000l. more than the preceding year. After which, the order of the day being read, the House ad, journed.

Thursday, Jan. 27.

Mr. Rofe Fuller inade a motion, for leave to export a quantity of wheat, flour, biscuit, and starch made of wheat, not exceeding 200o quarters, to the fugar colonies, and an unlimited quantity of barley, rye, oats, beans, peas, &c.

Mr. Skipwith oppofed this mo. tion, as the harvest last year was but bad, and we could not fare any corn to the colonies, for the demand from Guernley and Jerfey was very great.

Mr. Prefoot faid, he thought the coJonies had a claim in preference to Guernsey and Jerfey, as the former were debarred froin having ary fuftenance but by way of Great Britain, which the latter were not; that Guern ley and Jerley did not confume the quantity that was exported there, but Imugged great part of it over to France.

M. Fulier faid, that, as the colonies bought most of their victuals, drink, cloathing, and working uten

to be exported, that Brifto!, Liverpool, and other fea-ports, might be allowed to fupply a part, and not the port of London engrofs the whole de nand.

Mr. Prefcot phjected, faying, that, if leave was given for them to fupply any, before we could look round us, they would export treble the quantity allowed.

Governor Pownal ftated the whole of the corn business in a very matterly manner. He faid, that, by our neg lect in not fupplying the colonies, it had given rife to a corn trade in North America, by which we had loft half a million per ann, and North America had gained as much that we need be in no tear of granting leave for the colonies to have a limited quantity of our grain, as they could buy that in North America for 9s, which we fold for 128. and that they had a granary fufficient to fupply all Europe: that, if we exported any flour to the colo nies, it was much if it was not made from the wheat which we had in ported from North America: that, though they had prayed leave to import 2000 quarters, by the accounts which lay upon the table, it appeared they feldom did import more than 600, which could never hurt us: that it was true, when-, ever there appeared a scarcity of grain in the colonies, North America was fure to raise their market to an enor mous height, and there by grealty dif trefs the Weft-Indies; that allowing, a limited exportation would, in this respect, be a curb upon the avarice and cruelty of the North Americans: that our wheat, indred, demanded the closet attention; but he could a moft with 10 fee the price of heans to high, that it would not be worth the millers and bakers while to mix that flour with wheaten that, in regard to our barley and rye, he fhould fay but little; but our oats demanded a serious confideration, as the confumption at home was great, and, in his opinion, we could not fpare any; at least, the quantity allowed to he exported found be limited, as well as that of wheat. for the islands of Guernsey and Jersey, they had ample provifion of every thing but biscuit, which was a very material article, as it was much wanted in fitting out our fleets for the fittery.

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