a

so frongly marked as these cannot, in- ciers; who, in their anxiety to defray deed, be well mistáken, if it shall be the expences of the nation, are apt to once agreed upon that they are the dif- overlook their own little concerns, belinguithing characteri/lics of Prosec- come enamoured of round numbers, TORS. But I hope on some future oc- and speak of millions with a grand and casion to be able to prove that this is impoling emphasis. This kind parnot the case with all PROJECTORS, tiality for the publick is foon oblerand that fome think justly, fpeak vèd to spread over their whole appeare fowly, and hare credit with iheir tay- ance the infalible mark of distinction lor. 'In the mean time, I fall con- here noticed. But they are not held: tent myself with remarking, that there in very high estimation'; and some of certainly is a particular fpecie: of Pro- them have been peculiarly unfortujector who may be discovered by such nate, partly owing to the inattention badges of a contriving genius. I have of ministers of fate, who are always kuown a few of ilem in our times, inclined to think themselves the best and indeed they cannot affect conceal- judges of what belongs to their office, meni; for, their projects being molily and partly to the ungrateful neglect of of a political kind, they are obliged to the publick at large, to that it frequentfrequent coffeehouses, and other pub- ly happens that a man shall be able to: lick meetings, in order to announce pay the debts of the nation in a few what, in a dearth of credit with book- years, who knows not where to profellers, it may not be convenient to cure credit for the next meal. Indeed, commit to the press. Now of this there is this fatality attends the financlass of political Projectors, as far as cial projector, that he never meddles mv obfervation extends, " extrava- with the subject of debt until he is gance of concep:ions” belougs princi- deeply involved in it, and never underpally to those gentiemen who deal in takes any thing for the nation but what Ichemes of the wholesale kind, who he is incapable of practiling for him. undertake very largely for the good offelf. I hare always advised those on niankind, and are for overturning go whom my advice is likely to prevail, vernments, and throwing nations into to avoid fuch dangerous projects as canconfufion. The means whereby this not be entered upon without a capital, is to be done are very often dilpropor- but I cannot fay I have been very fuce tioned, in all human appearance, to

cessful; and I fometimes think that the end; as when the most worthless poverty and confinement bring on fits of mankind offer schemes of liappiness of financial calculation, and that some to the world. But my readers must pien learn to raise budgets and loans here observe, that this is the great beasi as birds are taught to fing, by being of all such projectors, namely, that contined in a dark mom. the eflence of their art coufilis in ef- I have only to add with respect to fering the greatcit purposes by the the above claíses of political projectors, Josefi incans, or in forining the great that they do not belong to our family, eli plans with the molt infignificant and however numerous they may have: miteria's and the least labuar; and beco lately (for some rank thein among this it:conomy enters largely into their the miseries of war) the fuccess of their praciice, uleiher a government is to be plans is not of that kind which will reoverturned, or a fhop-keeper to be ta- commend them to wife and considerate kou in, whether a multitude is to be persons. Iinust, therefore, as a neceflary deceived, or a bailiff cluded.

recommendation to the favour of my The other characteriliic mentioned readers, difclaim all connexion with by Mr. Additon, is “ hurry of speech." them, as well as with the religious This belongs to projectors whole plans projectors of late years, who have feldom go farther than wors, and been particularly diftinguithed by who are, therefore, to extremely deli- “extravagance of conceptions ;” and 70113 of fpeaking their minds, that fome of then, I truli, have not been their prorus are taught to make their deprived of that other characteristic, cfcape with precipitation, and without “habbiness of dress ;" at leati, it seems waiting for any order or arrangement. to belong to), and ongh: crer to acAs to the “ thahbinets of dress,” noted company those who have attempted to fo pointedly by the Spectator, it is fubaitute the “ filthy rags" ! impiety Well known that characteristic belongs for the “robe of righteousness." almoft exclusively to projecting finan- But full I hope that, walioko escopo

tions already mentioned, it may not be the infinity of designs by which they ahogether dilhonourable to enlist in the have fought to raise their fame and band of PROJECTORS; and, among fortune, and consequently benefit manother inducements of a personal nature, kind. No fubftauce, created or uncreI am encouraged in this attempt by the ated, has escaped their inventive or conhberal sentimeuts of Dr. Samuel John- vertive powers. Body and mind are fon, himself a worthy member of the alike subjected to their experiments: corps, who thus vindicates the genuine art and nature are alike pregnant with race of PROJECTORS; " By the unrea- materials for the ingenuity of their Tonable Jittribution of praile and blame, schemes ; yet I must confess that this none have suffered oftener than Pxe- variety, however honourable to that JECTORS, whose rapidity of imagina universal genius which is the proud tion and valiness of delign raise fuch boast of tome moderns, has tended in envy in their fellow mortals, that every a great mealure to confound the merit eye watches their fall, and every heart of Projectors, and throw an air of'ridiexults at their distrelles.” In another culc upon their labours when viewed place this eminent author fays, and a in the lump. Most of our family have anoli confoling decision it is, “ The felt “ the unreasonable disproportion folly of projection is very feldom the of praite or blame;" and the high folls of a fool."

honours of philofophical relearch have In forining a project like the present, sometimes been bestowed on the conit has been usual to belpeak the atten- triver of oniy a paltry convenience. tion of the publick, fometimes by a Thus the game of the inventor of the defeription of the author's person, and telescope is little known to the geneforerunes by the genealogy of his fa- rality of those who have agreed to keep mily. With respect to the person of in perpetual remembrance the illufirithe PROJECTOR, it is of little coule. ous character who first taught us to quence to give a description of what, place a wine-glass on a square piece of by the constitution of periodical wri- linen. There are disputes among the uines, is meant to be concealed. The learned relating to the right of Galileo, be delineation is defective where there while that of Doyley is acknowledged can be no opportunity to compare it by universal fuffrage. And the mewith the original; and the circum- mory of the parliamentary renown of fences of stature, complexion, and a laie eminent fiaieliwan is fati going feature, have seldom much connexion into the land of oblivion, while it with with the movements of the pen. Die never be forgotten that he was the first Tegarding precedents of this kind, thero- who places a llice of ham between two fore, I shall wear a short face or a long dices' of bread and butter

More reone as I find it convenient, and shall cently full, a young nobleman has Fary my age and shape according to the thrust himself into the rank of Prosubject I may, handle, or the character JECTORS, by no other merit ihan that I inay perform. Gentlemen feldom are of bringing skin, into diliepnte, and curious in fuch matters; and if any ludy changing the full-length of a great coat thinks proper to enquire, I have in- to the lize of a kit-cat. ftructed Mr. Urban to make me nei- Again it muli be remarked, for I do ther old nor ugly.

noi viib to glois over the lille infirBut as to family, were I to indulge milies of our order, that Projectors, like, Ho unjntifiable a pallion as vanity, at pocis, are liable to fall into the bainos, m: tirti appearance, I might affert, when they attempt too many ebings, without the lealt hazard of contradic- when they wix heroisiu with bombait, Lion, that the PROJECTORS are a family and the grave with the familiar. It is of great antiquity, and that there are really whimsical to see a plan for introfew countries in which fome branchi ducing las principles of religion in the or other of the race has not fettled, if fame volume with directions for tranfthe word feuled be applicable to per- planting hedges; and the fame man fons of fo various a turn that they are contriving to make coach-lamps tam fometimes faisi eren “ to move heaven tionary, who had jutt before writion and carth." We are to be found how- on the perpetual motion. Yet thus it ever in all parts of the globe, and may always is with our numerous family; with great contidence put the queltion, and it muti frequently reinind the priba Quaregio in terris noftri non plena la- lick of llorace's composition of a man, turis"

a liorfe, a fim, and a woman. Nor is the family more numerous than In this versatile humour of“ 'putting

4

our

our hands to any thing," while some of the Gentleman's Magazine ? The are constructing iron bridges, others question is fair, and shall not be evaded; are improving green spectacles. While but, as every future

paper

will be an some are forming constitutions for new antwer, it may at present suffice to say republics, others are enriching their negatively, that I have nothing to ad, country in the article of wind-mills. vance in the arts or sciences properly While some are introducing in new so called ; I have no improvements to shapes the exploded opinions of old offer in botany, chemiftry, agriculture, infidels, others are fitting out vefsels 10 or mechanics; I have inade no progo against wind and tide. While some gress in the discovery of the longitude, are fo aspiring as to mount to smoaky and shall not meddle with the lever, chimneys, others are lavishing their the axle, the pulley, or the inclined genius on razor-strops and cork-screws. plane. Yet, that I niay not feem wholly While fome have raised a mighty name inattentive to fuch objects, it will proby planning revolutions, others have bably fall in my way to offer fome ingiven their nights and days to cart- provements, if not upon wheel-care wheels. While some have plunged riages, at least on those who use them : into favour with porterity by the depth and although I have no discoveries to of a tunnel, others have burit into

make of intrigues ainong

the plants," reputation by the force of steam. Nay, I thall not fail to attend to those which one of my acquaintance, a barrister, re- are matured in the hot-houses of dillimarkable for his fill in cross-quettion- pation. I may likewile take notice of ing witnelles, has spent half his fees in fome new-invented wind-mills, of those the construction of pumps; and a very schemes which depend on vapour, and ingenious clergy man, who distinguiihed on those projects of felicity which fo himself last year on the question of re- frequently end in air. I shall not fail fidence, has done nothing fince but to record the explosions which attend make experiments on black-beetles. disappointed vanity and perverted ta

It is thus that the name of Pro- lents, and carefully minute those vaJector is brought into danger, and riations of atmosphere which at cerfrequently fupposed to imply a restlell- tain feafons render home pernicious. nels of fancy, and a perpetual effort It will perhaps be found that my proat usele's contrivances. But there is jects will be as various as my materials; certainly nothing in the paine itself and, what will appear somewhat finthat ought to reflect disgrace.. If a gular, I shall more frequently refer my Projector fails, he but shares the fate readers to improvements that are very of many others who know not that old, than to those that are very new'. they have deserved the name. In fact, Among the class of Projectors to which if the matter were ferioully confidered, I belong, it has been long an error 10 a great portion of mankind who are look forward rather than backwards, api to thrink from that name would and to neglect old schemes for new, find that they have been projectors the before the new have been proved, and greater part of their lives, but with a

the old worn out. To mcclanics this finanze inversion of purposes. What may be only ridiculous; in morals it for example, is a man whose forume has been fatal. has been Iquandered on dogs, hortes, and gaining-honies, but a Projector Mr. URBAN, wiro has contrived to ruin himself in HE life of Harilib, as Mr. Todd the shorteli pollible (pace of time, and ohferves in his Life of Milton, is with the least alliliance from art or a desideratum in English literature. nature? And what is a woman kuown Walter Harte pronounces Hartlib “a only in the annals of gaming and adul- man of great genius *,”. “ ingenious

but a machine contrived by and diligent enquirer t," the “ great falbion to destroy the happinels of a promoter of hufandry during the fainilv, and contribute to the disgrace times of the commonwealth, and of a lex?

much esteemed by all ingenious men It may now be asked, since I have in those days t." T. Warion fays, difowned so many of the name, to “ he certainly deserved well of ihe what class I propole nyfelf to belong, and what is the nature of those projects * Ellays on Husbandry, vol ll. p. 19. I intend to deliver through the melium + Ibid. 78. # Ibic I. 22.

publick;

Jan. 2.

teri,

an

publick; but he seems to have wasted Warton says, Hartlib came over into his fortune in projects *."

England about 1640. In 1041, he Samuel Harilib was the son of the published “ A relation of that which King of Poland's merchant, who, hath been lately attempted to procure when the Jesuits prevailed in that ecclefiaftical peace among Protestants." country, was obliged to remove himlelf Lond. 1641. See Bibl. Bodl. I. 554. into Pruflia, where he fettled and built In 1045, he published

" The Dir the first house of credit at Elbing, course of Flanders Husbandry." 4in. which cost him many thoutand of rix- about 24 pages; not then knowing dollars in those cheap days. Hence who was the anthor: the “ Legacy bis grandfather, the deputy of the to his fons, which relaies also io the Englith company at Dantzieli, brought cultivation of their exiates, confists of the English company to Elbing; and three quarto pages, and was written on that town came by irade to the fplen- the author's death-bed 1645. The auihor dour and result whcih it afterwards at- was Sir RICHARD Wl'eston, whom tained t

Harte apprehends to be the Sir Richard “My family,” says Ilarilib, “ was Wation" who was amballador froin of a very antient extracion in the Ger- england to Frederick V. elector Palaman empire, there having been ten uine, and king of Bohemia, in 1619, brothers of the name of Harilib. Some and prefent at the famous baule of of them have been privy counsellors Prague, concerning which a curious to the Emperor, fome to other infe- relation of bis, by way of letter, is full rior prineus ; fome Syndics of Aufperg prelerved in MS." It is remarked in and Norimberg. Bet they paileti at the Philosophical Tranfactions, that terwards not 10 ftricly tor dallanta England has profied in agriculture to in the Empire, when tome turned the amount of many millions, by folmerchants, which is derogatory 10 lowing the directions laid down in this the German bobility. I may peak little treatile, which bas always been it with a safe conscience, that I never, looked upon as a capital performance all the days of iny life, reflected fe- in husbandry f. riously upon my pedigree, preferring Alut 1750, a piece was ignorantly my hearinly birth above all nich va published under Sir R. Welion's name, nities; and afterwards tudying more, entzuled “ A treate concerning the 10 this very day, to be uselil io God's Husbandry and natural hitory of Engcreatures and serviceable to his church, lavd.” 8vo. Which perforniance is a than to be rich or honourable." poor jejune abridgement of " llartlib's

He was the illue of a third wife, his Legacy **." father having married two “ Polovian li seems that Hartlib afterwards, in ladies, of noble extraction.” This third order in enlarge and better explain this wife seems to have been an English famous difcourtė, publithed another woman, for she had two lifters very edition, and annexed Dr. Beati's annohonourably married here; one, first to tations to it. In his episile dedicatory Mr. Clark, son of a lord mayor, and to the edition 16.5), fto. he says, afterwards to a " very rich knight, Sir Agriculture is one of the nobleft and Richard Sinith, one of the king's privy mott neceflary parts of induliry, becouncil, the bringing him a portion of longing 10 a commonwealth), the first 10,0001. , after his death, the married ground of mutial rading between a third time Sir Elvard Savage, and men, and the well-spring of wealth in was made one of the ladies of honour all well-ordered focieties it." to the king's mother. Her daughter Iu 1052, Harilib published His married Sir Anthony Irby at Botion, Legacy, or an enlargement of the dif“a knight of 4 or 5,0001. Herling a courte of Husbandry uted in Brabant year.” The other filer married Mr. and Flanders." Lond. 410 11.

This Peak, a younger brother ş.

fainous work was only drawn up at • W ro's juveni'e roems of Milton, firlì edition, p. 596. + Hart:h's account of himseif, in a letter dated Aug. 3, 1610. Kinn. Reg. 368. # 1 869.

§ 1h. Sr Richard Smyth was third breither of Sir John Smythe, of Oftenhanger, in
Kent, and in rried, according to the Irish Perage, iu 275, 17e daupher and hieir
of John Whi'e. Margaret his daughter was second wife of Sir Anthony lihy, ancerior
to Lord Botton, Coll, Peer. viii. 88.
| Harte's F says, 11.53.

Ih.
** 1'».

++ !h. I. z., 23. Bibl. Bedl, I. 554. A!!O" Ą! Appendix to the laid Legacy.” Ibij.

Harilib's

Hardlib's request, and pasting through Speed in his house, while he composed his correction and rewfion was pub- his book of improvements in hutbanJithed by him. It consists of one gene- dry *; ral aufwer to the following query, *** About the time," observes Hartet, namely, “ what are the actual de ecis “ when this author tourished, seems to and omissions, as allo the poflible in- be an æra, when English husbandry proveineuis, in English husbandry ?" rose to high perfection ; for the pre

The real author of this work was ceding wars had made the country Robert Child. To it are annexed gentry poor, and in confequence therevarious correspondences from perfons of indulirious; though fometimes the eminent for skill in agriculture at this reverse of this happens in many kingtime; as C. D. B. W. R. H. T. Un- dons. But there witë men found the derbill, llenry Cruttenden, W. Potter, cultivation of their own lands to be the &c. as also the “ Niercurius Lætii- very best pous they could be fixed in. cans ;” and 20 large experiments by Yei, in a few years, when the RettoraGabriel Plattes ; together with anno. tion took place, all this industry and tations on the Legacy by Dr. Arnold knowledge were turned into diilipation Beati, and replies to the animadversions and heedleilneis; and then bubandry by the author of the Legacy*, patied almost entirely into the hands of 'In the preface to the · Legacy," farmers. Hartlib laments greatly that no public Harilib wrote a little treatise « on director of husbandry was established Seruing Land,” which is much clicemerl; in England by authority; and tha: we and fome aitribute to him “ Adam's had not acopied the Flemish culiom An Revived," though that work feems to of letting farms upon improvement. belong more properly to Sir 11. Platı I. Cromwell, as Harie tavs, in confe- He also wrote " A trne and ready quence of this admirable porforniance, way to learn the Latin Tongue," 4tó. allowed Harilib a pention of 1001. a 1014. “ A Vindication of Mr. John yer; and it was the better to fulfil the Durie,” 410. 1050, 3 Bheets; and pubintentions of his benefactor, that he lined " Tuille's doubting Conicience procured Dr. Beati's excellent annota- refolved,” 810. 1652 3. tions beforementioned, with the other Bcfides thefe, he was author of “The valuable pieces from his numerous cor- reformed Commonwealth of Bees, with respondents t.

the reformed Virginian Silk-worm," Harilih lays himself, “ As long as I Land. 1655, 410. And of " ContiderBrave lived in England, by wondertul ations concerning England's Reformaprovidences, I have fpeni yearly 'ont tion in Church and State," 1647, +to ll. of my Oivi betwixt 3 and 4001. He was consulted in a book called a year, tierling; and when I was “Chemical, Medicinal, and Chirurbrought to public allowances, I have gical Addreiles to Samuel Harilib.“ had from the parliaments and councils Lond. 1675, 8vo. and again in a pamof tate a penfion of 3001. ferling a phlet “Du Motion by Engines," 105.. year, which as freely I have spent for There were also “ Letters to Harilib their ferrice, and the good of nanv." from Flanders," 1630, 4t0.

Ile tavs be " erected a little academy Durv, Ilarilib's friend, whom IVhitfor the education of the gentry of this lock calls a " German by birth, a good nation, to advance piety, learning, scholar, and a great travelier," was apmorality, and other exerciles of in- pointed in 1649 deputy librarian, under dustry, not usual then in common Whitlock, of whai had been the roval fchools."

library. Duy was Milton's friend and This probably occasioned Milton's correlpondent'an. • Tractate on Education," about 10:,

A length the Restoration brought addresied to him ; aud " Two letters with it evil days 10 llarilib, and all his 10 him on the fame subject, by Sir public services were forgotten. In Dec. William Petty.” Loud. 410. 1617, 1002, his pension was 7001. in arrears ; 1648.

and, in a letter to Lord Herbert, he l'alter Blythe, the author of “ The complains he had nothing to keep Improver Iniprosed,” 410, 1053, qays, him alive, with two relations more, a that Hari!:b' lodged and maintained

* Harle, I. 23.

+ Thiels * 11:ric's Pitiys, 1. 23.

* 15.d. 2.
[hid. $ Ibid.

il Bibl. Bull. 1.554. Kinett's Reg. 8.9.

I Warton, 597

daughter