1821.] Mr. URBAN, THERMA Account of Cuddesdon, Oxon. March 9. HE village of Cuddesdon is si tuated about six miles Southeast of the City of Oxford, on an elevated ridge of ground communicating with Shotover Hill. The number of houses is small, and it is chiefly known by its containing the Episcopal residence, attached to the see of Oxford; a moderate-sized structure, standing near the Church at the Eastern extremity of the village. It is of recent erection, having been built by Bp. Fell in the year 1679: with the exception of a pleasing and extensive prospect, it does not furnish, any object of remark. It occupies the site of a former palace, built by Bp. Bancroft in 1635, which stood but a very short time, as it was destroyed in the Civil wars by the Royalists, that it might not afford accomodation to the Parliamentary forces: Sir Thos. Gardiner, the King's Solicitor, General, at the same time destroying a house belonging to himself, on the South side of the Church. Cuddesdon Church (see Plate I.) is an antient and interesting edifice; its erection appears to have taken place in the infancy of the Pointed style, aud before the total exclusion of the Norman architecture had been effected, as we find these two dissimilar styles blended in several instances in this building. The plan is regular and unbroken, consisting of a nave and side ailes, N. and S. transepts, and a chancel, with a square tower at the intersection of the ailes. It has three entrances, on the North and South sides, and at the West end, the two latter being under porches, which appear to have been built with the Church, as the doorways to each porch are of a round character, with a single column on each side. The Western entrance to the Church (see the Frontispiece to the present Volume) is a curious example of the latest class of ornamented semicir cular arches; and being protected by the porch from the injuries of the weather, is in a very perfect state, excepting two or three instances, where violence has assailed it. The Southern doorway is also semicircular, but plain: that on the North is under a pointed arch. The nave is divided from the side ailes by a range of three arches of the Pointed GENT. MAG. March, 1821. 201 style, supported by octangular columns, with capitals and bases uniform in their general character, but slightly varied in their mouldings. This part of the building is lighted by a window above the West porch, divided by mullions into three lights, and by a narrow window at the West end of each side aile; the heads of these windows vary, one being pointed, and the other semi-circular; but from the traces of repairing about the latter, I suspect it has assumed its present appearance through unskilful workmanship. On the South side are a range of three lancet arched windows; above them a window of two lights, of a later era of the pointed arch; and another between the South porch and West end of the South aile, also of two lights. The North aile has three pointed windows, with mullions and tracery, but not particularly remarkable. The clerestory has two small windows on each side, and the transepts one window each; that in the Southern is mean; the window of the North transept is handsome. The arch at the East end of the nave, under the tower, is pointed, with a chevron or zig-zag ornament round it; at each angle of the piers which support the arch, are two small columns, with varied capitals. The chancel is the work of a more recent period of the Pointed style, having a handsome window at the East end, and two of an uniform character on each side. The font is of a cylindrical figure, large size, and quite plain. This Church does not contain any antient monuments or brasses; a few fragments of stained-glass are remain. ing in two of the windows of the North aile, and in the East window. The interior dimensions of Cuddesdon Church are as follow: length from West to East (exclusive of porch) 104 feet; width from North to South, 38 feet; length of tran septs, 53 feet 6 inches, and width 15 feet. The tower contains a peal of six bells. In the chancel are the mural monuments of two Bishops, with the following inscriptions [in Roman capitals]: "The 202 Epitaph by Bp. Lowth.-Vaccination.Soups. "The Rev. Charles Moss, Bp. of Oxford, He was the eldest son of Charles Moss, D.D. A. D. MDCCCXV. Anno Etatis suæ LXVto, [March, but also that it should be passed from one subject to the other, with the least possible exposure to the air. The practice of charging the lancet with the fluid and then taking it, perhaps a considerable distance, and, of course at the expense of much time, is always to be avoided; as it is to be feared, the incisions are sometimes made when all the virtue is evaporated, and the lancet even dry. Whenever, therefore, it can be done, it is most desirable that the lymph should be immediately transferred from one subject to the other. Where, however, this cannot be accomplished, The following epitaph is also in the the fluid may be preserved in a phial Chancel: "Sacred to the memory of Mrs. BARBARA SMYTHE, daughter of SEBASTIAN SMYTHE, Esq. who, after a life spent in the most unremitted attention to every religious, moral, and social duty, died on the 27th Jan. 1787, of a paralytic complaint, at her house in this place, long the residence of her numerous and respectable ancestry, in the 76th year of her age." This Church is also the burial-place of Bp. Bancroft; and in the Churchyard is a marble monument with the following inscription : "Maria Roberti Lowth, Episcopi Oxon. Nata ximo die Junii, A.D. MDCCL. properly stopped. Another caution essential to ultimate success, is, to preserve the pustules unbroken: every precaution should be taken to prevent injury to the part, and all friction carefully guarded against: it might even be desirable, that, until they begin to dry up, the usual dress should be laid aside, and something more loose and simple adopted. If it be the intention subsequently to inocumonths should intervene, that the late with the variolus, two or three constitution, before the other is inVaccine may take its full effect on the troduced. Were these simple precautions duly attended to (and it is in the power of every mother and nurse to see that they are), and experienced practi Cara, vale! ingenio præstans, pietate, tioners always employed, there would pudore, be every reason to hope for a successful issue to the operations. M.S. COMP Mr. URBAN, March 4. YOMPLAINTS have been made that the Soups distributed to the Poor are deficient in nourishment; and the defect seems to arise from the crudeness of the vegetables, which generally enter so largely into their composition. To remedy this, turnips, carrots, and any other herbs, should be previously boiled for a short time, as the first water which comes from them is reckoned un wholesome, and is apt to occasion flatulence and other inconveniences. The same remark applies to potatoes; the water they are first boiled in should always be thrown away; and if dressed by a steamer, the drippings from them render the water beneath unfit for any other use. 1821.] Employment of the Poor earnestly recommended. Mr. URBAN*, March 5. This Country has attained the highest perfection, to which a human being in this transitory state of existence can expect to arrive: yet it is attainable in some measure by almost every one, who may think proper to try the ennobling experiment, with out any regard to rank or situation. HE man who is truly a lover of The love of our native land is an impulse of nature, implanted in the mind by Providence, probably that no part of the earth's surface might be without its inhabitants; and it is generally found, that, in proportion as Nature is more niggardly of her bounties, the inhabitants become more attached to the spot, where their little hands and feet first felt their force, where the opening mind dawned on the ties of friendship, and listened to the call of duty,-where the soothing caress, the artless tenderness of pious relations, reared the infant frame,-and where the endearing names of mother and of father were first heard. The greatest warriors, statesmen, and philosophers, have acknowledged the strength of this silken cord; and associated with it all the grateful passions of human nature, love, desire, hope, joy, and every other kind feeling and soft affection, as well as the cardinal virtues of heroism, intrepidity, generosity, charity, temper. ance, and chastity. And shall the inhabitants of a country like Britain be the only people in the world who neglect their duty, or despise these ties to their native land, famed as it is for all that most attracts the notice and admiration of men 3-a land of which the genius and power, extent of territory, and mag. nanimity of conduct, have been such, as to command the notice of all men, and make her views and intentions objects of solicitude with every people and nation on the face of the globe! As a nation we have not a character to make. This has been done by our ancestors; and many of the present generation have added to its splendour, and sealed its glory with their blood. On us, however, de *This article is a continuation of T. M. T.'s remarks on the advantages of Cottage Husbandry, inserted in p. 103. 203 volves the awful responsibility of supporting the fair fame and glorious . Constitution of our country, and of handing it down unimpaired to posterity. But this is not to be effected by a party in the State, by any particular body of men, however powerful; the impulse must be brought home to every man's bosom individually. Without regard to rank or station, each should say to himself, "Have I done all that is in my power? if I have not, I have no right to ask my neighbour what he has done, till I set him such an example, as my duty requires." Whatever may be the duties incumbent on the lower orders of society with regard to industry, loyalty, and submission to the constituted authorities, it would be worse than useless, while they are starving for want of bread, to discourse to them on the Constitution of our country, her extent of territory and commerce, her arts and her arms, her science and her mechanical skill, her wealth and resources, her improved methods of agriculture, her liberties and laws, the mildness of her Government, and the inflexible severity, though equality, of her penal laws. Can we expect the appetite of a hungry people to be satisfied by telling them of the abundance and delicacy of the food on the tables of the great, the richness and flavour of their wines, their profusion of plate, their glittering equipage, or their pompous mansions, while the poor themselves, shivering with cold, are fed with an empty spoon? In all ages and countries, under whatever form of government, there have been individuals disaffected to that government, and to the modes of its administration: yet, as all human governors have their imperfections, there is often some truth in the complaints of the disaffected; and the general cause of the evil not being removed, or at least alleviated by the executive Government, is, that the complainants themselves bury the real grievance under an intolerable mass of decla mation. While the great body of the people is employed, the contempt of the well-informed will always keep these public declaimers in their place : but when the people are unemployed, distress must necessarily follow, and, as their untutored minds vibrate be tween |