"his affairs without quarrelling and without "law-fuits, is as independent a being as the Doge ❝ of Venice. Paucos fervitus, plures fervitatem, "tenent:-Slavery comes but to few perfons, "but many perfons come to flavery."

ELIZABETH,

QUEEN OF ENGLAND.

WHAT pardon could the Earl of Effex hope from Queen Elizabeth, when it had been reported to her, that he had faid her mind was grown as crooked as her body?

ROBERT DEVEREUX,

EARL OF ESSEX.

THE hatred between Lord Effex and Sir Walter Raleigh is well known: Sir Walter had landed at Fayal in the Island of Madeira, in direct contradiction to the precife commands of Lord Effex, who commanded in that expedition; and who, being preffed by fome perfons to bring him

to

to a Court Martial, nobly replied, "I would do it immediately, if he were my friend."

At the age of fixteen, Lord Effex took the degree of Mafter of Arts at Cambridge and kept his public act. "His Father," fays Sir Henry Wotton," died with a very cold conceit of him ; fome fay, through his affection to his fecond fon Walter Devereux, who was indeed a diamond of his time, and both of a kindly and ❝delicate temper and mixture. But it feems, "the Earl, like certain vegetables, did bud and open flowly; Nature fometimes delighting to "play an after-game as well as Fortune, which had both their turns and tides in courfe."

GEORGE VILLIERS,

FIRST DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM.

"THE Duke," fays Sir Henry Wotton, "was illiterate; yet had learned, at Court, first to "fift and queftion well, and to supply his own "defects, by the drawing or flowing unto him of "the best inftruments of experience and know"ledge; from whom he had a sweet and attractive

manner, to fuck what might be for the public.

or his own proper ufe; fo as the lefs he was "favoured by the Muses, he was the more fo by the Graces."

"In point of drefs and luxury," fays Sir Henry Wotton, in his Parallel between the Earl of Effex and the Duke of Buckingham, "they were "both very inordinate in their appetites, efpecially the Earl, who was by nature of fo indifferent a tafte, that I must tell a rare thing of "him, though it be but homely, that he would ftop in the midst of any physical potion, and, "after he had licked his lips, he would drink off "the reft."

Lord Clarendon, in the "Disparity between the Eftates and Conditions of this Nobleman and the Earl of Effex," obferves, after praifing the Duke's extreme affability and gentlenefs to all men, "He

had befides fuch a tendernefs and compaffion in "his nature, that fuch as think the laws dead if

they are not feverely executed, cenfured him "for being too merciful; but his charity was grounded upon a wifer maxim of ftate: "Non "minus turpe Principi multa fupplicia quam Me"dico, multa funera :- and he believed, doubtless, that hanging was the worft ufe man could be put to."

The Duke, on his fatal journey to Portfinouth, was advertifed by an old woman on the road,

that

that he had heard fome defperate perfons vow to kill him. His Nephew Lord Fielding, riding in company with him, defired him to exchange coats. with him, and to let him have his blue ribbon, and undertook to muffle himself up in such a manner that he fhould be miftaken for the Duke. The Duke immediately caught him in his arms, faying, that he could not accept of fuch an offer from a Nephew whose life he valued as dearly as his own,

The following Letter from the Duke of Buckingham to James the First, I believe, is not in print. In most of his letters he appears an abject flatterer of the King, and fhews a childish affection expreffed in very low language; in this, however, he writes in a manly ftyle. He would have recommended a fervant of his to fome place, but the King had previously difpofed of it.

"GOD forbid that for eyther me or anie of "mine your promis fhould be forced: my man is "not in miferie; his mafter by your favour is in "eftate not to let him want; he is younge, yett "patient, and your meanes manie to benefitt him "fome other way, an his honeftie can deferve it; "I will anfwere he will. So both I and he are

humble futers that you please your selfe, in which doeing you content all. So cravinge your ❝ bleffings, I ende your humble slave and doge,

"STEENIE."

SIR

SIR HENRY WOTTON.

THE conclufion of the Infcription which this learned man used to put under the Atchievement of his Arms, when he left them in the foreign Inns in his Travels, after the enumeration of his qualities, and of the Embaffies in whic he had been engaged, was

"HENRICUS WOTTON, tandem hoc didicit "Animas fieri fapientiores quiefcendo.”

He gave this excellent character of Sir Philip Sydney's wit, "That it was the very measure of congruity."

According to his Biographer, Sir Henry had made fome progrefs in a work which he had begun on the Reformation, and which he gave up at the defire of his Sovereign Charles the First, who wifhed him to write the Hiftory of England. It were, indeed, much to be wished, that it were poffible to procure Sir Henry's Manuscripts of his intended work.

He wrote a very excellent Treatise on the "Elements of Architecture," in which the idea of Home, that fcene of every man's happinefs or mifery, is thus pathetically defcribed: Every man's proper manfion-house and home

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