attention by its medicinal springs, and is greatly resorted to by visitors in search of health and pleasure. The Romans erected baths here as early as A.D. 43. Many of them are in a perfect state. The principal buildings are the Pump-room, Assembly Buildings, the King's Bath, and the Abbey Church. The last contains numerous monuments, among them that of Beau Nash, formerly styled King of Bristol; Sir Walter Waller; and Quin, the actor. The population of Bath is 55,000. Principal hotels are York House, Amery's Hotel, and White Hart. The town is situated on both sides of the Avon, ten miles above Bristol.

Clifton is about one mile from Bristol, and is a beautiful place, containing assembly-rooms, hot wells, springs, and baths. The principal hotels are the Royal and Bath Hotel.

Should you wish to go direct from York to London by the eastern route, the distance is 220 miles, and you pass through the following towns: first,

Doncaster, 158 miles from London, is noted for its races, held in the third week of September. It contains 12,000 inhabitants. Principal hotels are New Angel, Reind er, Red Lion, and Woolpack. This is one of the handsomest and cleanest towns in England. The principal buildings are the Mansion House, Town Hall, St. George's, and Christ's Church. Not much object in stopping, unless during the race week. The town is celebrated for its extensive corn-market.

Newark contains the remains of a castle in which King John died.

Peterborough, a small city of 8000 inhabitants, contains the remains of a splendid old cathedral, in which Catharine of Aragon was interred; Mary Queen of Scots was first buried here, but her remains were afterward removed to Westminster Abbey. A short distance from the town is Milton Park, the residence of the Earl Fitzwilliam.

belonged to the Cromwell family. A short distance farther is Brampton Park, the handsome residence of the Duke of Manchester.

Cambridge is a place of great antiquity, but derives its present celebrity from its University, which embraces seventeen colleges and four halls. There was a castle built here by William the Conqueror, but nothing now remains but its gate-house. The entire town is embosomed in woods, and but little of it can be seen at a distance. It contains a population of 28,000. The principal hotels are University Arms, Red Lion, Bull, and Woolpack. Visit the magnificent Senate-house belonging to the University, Fitzwilliam Museum, Observatory, and Botanical Gardens. The principal churches are All Saints', Great St. Mary's, and Great St. Stephen's. The last contains a tomb erected in honor of Captain Cook. The town is supplied with water conveyed by an aqueduct from a fountain three miles distant. this improvement to a celebrated horsehirer named Hobson, who insisted, when hiring horses to the students, that they should take them in order, which gave rise to the famous proverb of "Hobson's choice."

It is indebted for

The

If you purpose taking the Havre steamer at Southampton, make your arrangements to spend two or three days visiting Portsmouth and the Isle of Wight. former is the great naval arsenal of England, and one of the principal sea-ports in the English Channel. It contains, in addition to Gosport, on the western entrance to the harbor, extensive store-houses and work-shops, for the supply of every article required for the use of the navy. They are both strongly fortified, and constitute one of the chief defenses of the country. Here may be seen Nelson's flag-ship, the old "Victory."

One mile from the town is the residence of the Earl of Sandwich, which formerly

larly distinguished for the mildness of its climate. It is said to have been formerly covered with woods, but the ship-building of Portsmouth soon exhausted them. The

KAVRE.

HAVRE.

Ir visiting Paris by the way of Havre, your baggage is taken to the Customhouse and examined. Any clothing which has not been worn is subject to duty. If you have any articles which are subject to duty and do not declare them, they are liable to confiscation. Your baggage will be conveyed to any part of the city-from 50 to 200 lbs. for one franc. Near the Custom-house is the Police-office, where you will find your passport. No charge.

Hotels.-The Hôtel de l'Europe, in Rue de Paris, is the best in the city; rooms from 50 cents to $2 per day; breakfast, à la carte; dinner, table d'hôte,75 cents. Ho tel Fruscati, situated on the sea-shore outside the walls. It has an excellent table d'hôte, reading-room, and warm baths; also magnificent views from all parts of the house.

HAVRE, formerly Havre de Grace, is a strongly fortified commercial sca-port, containing a population of seventy-five thousand souls, that is, taking the population of Havre proper and the suburbs of Ingouville and Graville. It is, next to Marseilles, the most important city in France,

HAVRE.

commercially viewed. The harbor is the best on this part of the French coast. It consists of three basins, separated from each other and from the outer port by four locks, and is capable of accommodating 500 ships. The town was founded by Francis I. in 1516, but owes its prosperity to Louis XVI. Some authors say it was founded by Louis XII. in 1509. There are numerous steam packets plying between Havre and all the ports of France, United States, England, Russia, and Holland; in fact, the commerce of Havre, which may be called the port of Paris, is connected with all parts of the world. It has no monuments, and few fine public buildings, and, being a modern town, has but few historical associations. Its citadel was built by Cardinal Richelieu, and in it in 1650 the leaders of the Fronde, Prince Condé and Longueville, were imprisoned. On the prostration of Mazarin from power they regained their liberty. It was from Havre that Richmond embarked with troops furnished by Charles VIII. to meet Richard on Bosworth Field. Every reader of Shakspeare knows the result. Havre is also the birthplace of Madame de la

Fayette. In 1562 the leader of the Huguenots, Prince of Condé, put Queen Elizabeth in possession of the town, and the command devolved upon the Earl of Warwick. It was besieged by Montmorency with vastly superior numbers. Warwick held out until three fourths of the entire garrison were slain, when he himself was shot in the breast: immediately after the place surrendered. One of the most conspicuous buildings in the city is the theatre, situated in Place Louis XVI., at the end of the bassin du commerce. There is also a very fine commercial club here, called the Cercle du Commerce. Strangers may be introduced by members. All the European and American papers are kept there. Steamers are leaving almost daily for the following places: London, Southampton, Ilarfleur, Cherbourg, Dunkirk; to Rotterdam and Hamburg twice a week; to Copenhagen, St. Petersburg, and New York twice a month. You should by no means leave Havre without ascending the hill of Ingouville; the view is very magnificent. From there you may see, near Cape la Hève, the rocks that were the favorite haunt of Bernardin de St. Pierre, author of "Paul and Virginia," who was born in Havre. Paris lies 108 miles S. E. of Havre, and is connected with it by railroad. Fare, first class, 27 f. 85 c. Distance 143 miles. Trains run four or five times a day in from 2 40 to 3 hours. From Havre to Rouen the distance is 60 miles, and the country through which you pass a perfect garden, under the highest state of cultivation. The most part of it is the fertile table- land of "Pays de Caux." The first station is Harfleur, situated on the Lezarde, one mile from its mouth. It flows into the Seine. It was the port of Paris before the foundation of Havre; was formerly an important fortress, and the key to the entrance of the Seine. It was captured by Henry V. in 1415, after a memorable siege of forty days. After its capture, he drove the inhabitants from the town with only their clothes, confiscating all their property. It remained in the possession of the English for nearly twenty years, when it was surprised by some of its former inhabitants, aided by the peasantry of the country, and the English were driven out. From the Chateau d'Orcher, on the heights above, there is a splen

did view of the river and surrounding country. Passing through the towns of Yvetot and Barenti, towns of 9000 and 3000 inhabitants, of no special interest to the traveler, we arrive at ROUEN, the Rotomagus of the Romans.

Omnibuses run to all parts of the city. There are three very good hotels. Smith's Albion Hotel is the best for families. It is admirably managed by an English lady. English and French newspapers. The population of Rouen is 93,000, and is the fifth largest town in France; it is situated on the right bank of the Seine, and is connected with its suburb St. Sever by an iron and stone bridge. The Seine at this spot is over one thousand feet wide. The first bridge erected here was in 1168, by Matilda, daughter of Henry I. The suspension bridge was erected in 1836. There is an arch in this bridge eighty feet high, to allow vessels to pass. The old streets are very narrow, and the houses built of wood; but the new part of the town is very handsome, and has many public edifices and fountains. The traveler who wishes to see Rouen thoroughly will find plenty to occupy his time for two or three days; but most of our sightseers spend but one day, and some not even that, all being anxious to reach Paris as early as possible. A boulevard occupying the site of the old fortifications runs around the old town, and includes within its circuit all the objects of curiosity worth seeing. The chief edifice is the Cathedral, a splendid monument of Gothic architecture, containing many fine sculptures and monuments, among which is the tomb of Richard Cœur de Lion. His heart only is buried here. He bequeathed that to the city of Rouen on account of the great love he bore the Normans, but his body was interred at Fontevrault. His heart is buried under the pavement of the choir. His effigy is of limestone, but was much mutilated by the Huguenots in 1663. It stands in the Lady Chapel behind the high altar; it represents him crowned, and in his royal robes. The statues of the two Cardinals d'Amboise, one of whom was minister to Louis XII., also stand in this chapel. Here, too, we find the monument of the Duc de Brizé, husband of Diana of Poitiers, by whom it was erected. She was notorious as being the mistress of Henry II.

The monument is from the chisel of Jean Goujon, and represents the duke stretched on a sarcophagus of black marble, with his widow kneeling at his head. The Cathedral is surmounted by two towers, the one called Tour de Beurre, on account of its having been erected in the latter part of the 15th century with the money accumulated from the sale of indulgences from eating butter during Lent; it is surmounted with beautiful stone filigree work, and formerly contained the celebrated bell named after the Cardinal d'Amboise, which was melted during the Revolution to make guns. The other tower, called St. Romain, rests on the oldest part of the church.

One of the finest and most perfect Gothie edifices in the world is the church of St. Ouen. It was commenced by Abbot Jean Roussel in the 14th century. It is far superior to the Cathedral, not only in size, but in style and ornament; it is inferior, however, as regards historical monuments. It suffered much in the 16th century from the Huguenot rabble, who blackened its beautiful windows with smoke arising from the bonfires they had built in the centre of the church to burn the furniture. The central tower is 260 feet high, and is a model of grace and elegance. Visitors should decidedly make the ascent of this tower; it will repay them for their trouble. The interior is 443 feet long and 100 high, and is a perfect pattern of airy gracefulness. In St. Agnes chapel may be seen the tomb of Alexana Barneval, the master mason, who was executed for the murder of his apprentice, who had eclipsed him in the execution of the north window in the transept. In the public garden, which extends along the north side of this church, stands a Norman tower built in the 11th century; it is in a very good state of perfection. St. Ouen was one of the early archbishops of Rouen, and was born in the forepart of the 7th century.

The Hôtel de Ville was formerly part of the monastery of St. Ouen, and is attached to the church. It contains the public offices, the public library, and the picturegallery. The principal pictures, and they are few, are Van Eyck's Virgin and Child, a copy of Raphael's Madonna di San Sisto, the original of which is in the picture-gal*lery of Dresden, and cost $40,000; St. Francis by Caracci, The Plague at Milan

of Lemoinere. The Musée des Antiquités, in Rue Beauvoisiere, is one of the most interesting places in the city. It contains many curiosities of voluntary contributions, among which is the door of the house in which Corneille was born; and autographs of Richard Cœur de Lion and Henry I., and the cross mark of William the Conqueror, who could not write. The Public Library, containing some 34,000 volumes of very valuable books, and 1200 manuscripts, is open every day except Mondays and Thursdays. The Place de la Pucelle is famous as the place where Joan of Arc was burned at the stake. A monument is here erected to her memory to mark the place where she suffered. This event is a lasting disgrace to the English, as well as to Charles VII., whose throne she saved, and who made no attempt to ransom her, or protest against her trial; and to her countryman the cruel Bishop of Beauvais, her unjust judge, and those who sold her to the English at Compeigne. Although her enthusiasm saved the country, after she was delivered to the English neither her king nor countrymen appear to have remembered her. After she was burned her ashes were cast into the Seine by order of the archbishop.

Rouen is the see of an archbishop, and contains his palace; also an Exchange, Custom-house, Mint, and two theatres. It contains a University, Academy for the Department; also a secondary school of Medicine, a national College, and primary Normal School. Altogether it is one of the most industrious and commercial cities of France. It is particularly celebrated for its spinning and dyeing of woolen and cotton stuffs, and the manufacture of printed cottons, broadcloths, and velvets.

PARIS.

From Rouen to Paris, 87 English miles, express trains run in 2 hours 40 minutes. Fare, $3 40.

As the stranger is unquestionably desirous to "do" Paris, the city of the world. at once, we will immediately proceed to describe that centre where magnificence, elegance, and luxury reign supreme. Then, making Paris our starting-point, we will describe the different routes through France, and then continue on our tour through Germany, Austria, Italy, and the East.