respondence with the greatest men of our country, in eleven volumes. He had written a Diary, or journal of his own life and times, and correspondence with famous men, in forty-five volumes. He had written Grecian Architecture, in two volumes folio; a volume on Flowers, with drawings, and compiled a Harmony of the Life of Christ, 8vo., prepared for the instruction of his children, when they were educated. He had written the Memoirs of Commodore William Bainbridge, in 400 pages; a History of the Battle of Bunker Hill, in several hundred pages of quarto, besides literary and scientific works. He was author, moreover, of the Memoirs of Col. William R. Lee, in two volumes quarto. Gen. Dearborn had an extensive library in his romantic cottage in Roxbury, where the intervals of leisure were devoted to his diary and literary research. Would that he had lived to complete the hundredth volume of mental power! No man in New England was more devoted to literature and science. He had great force of intellect, and a large share of varied learning. His unpublished productions will add new illustrations to American history, and would be a valuable legacy to the Massachusetts Historical Society, should they never be published. The most valuable work ever printed of which he was the author is the History of the Commerce of the Black Seas, in two volumes octavo, which has a high character in the North American Review of 1820. Should his residence be destroyed by fire, with all the manuscripts, it would cause a vacuum that never can be filled. In the peroration of Dr. Putnam's eulogy on Gen. Dearborn we find this glowing passage: "Lie lightly upon his bosom, ye clods of the valley; for he trod softly on you, in loving regard for every green thing that ye bore! Bend benignantly over him, ye towering trees of the forest, and soothe his slumbers with the whisperings of your sweetest requiem; for he loved you as his very brothers of God's garden, and nursed you, and knew almost every leaf on your boughs! Guard sacredly his ashes, ye steep, strong cliffs that gird his grave; for ye were the altars at which he worshipped the Almighty One, who planted you there in your strength."

Mayor Dearborn was a member of the American Antiquarian Society, Massachusetts Historical Society, New England Genealogical Historic Society, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and American Association for Advancement of Science.

BENJAMIN POLLARD.

JULY 4, 1812. FOR THE TOWN AUTHORITIES.

THE ancestor of this family was William Pollard, whose wife, Anne died in Boston, Dec. 6, 1725, aged one hundred and five years, and left of her offspring one hundred and thirty. She used to relate that she went over in the first boat that crossed Charles River, in 1630, to what has since been called Boston; that she was the first that jumped ashore; and she described the place as being at that time very uneven, abounding in small hollows and swamps, and covered with blueberry and other bushes. In the library of the Massachusetts Historical Society is a portrait of this centenarian, taken in 1723, presented by Isaac Winslow, Esq. Col. Benjamin Pollard, a member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company in 1726, Sheriff of Suffolk for thirteen years, and founder of the Boston Cadets in 1744, whose portrait is also in the Historical Society, was father of Col. Jonathan Pollard, who married Mary Johnson; was a goldsmith, whose shop adjoined that of the bookstore of Gen. Knox, and in 1777 was an aid-de-camp to the latter in the Revolutionary War; and Benjamin, the subject of this notice, was his son, born in Boston in 1780, on the site of the Tremont Temple. His teacher was Francis Nichols, in Scollay's Buildings, who was an importer of books from London. He was Clerk of the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1811 to 1815. He was secretary of the State convention for revising the constitution, in 1820; and was the City Marshal of Boston from its incorporation, in 1822, until his decease, November, 1836, aged fiftysix.

Marshal Pollard was very partial to polite literature and politics, and was the reputed editor of two periodicals, the Emerald, and the Ordeal, which, it is said, went down at no distant period from each other. Ignorant of this fact, a literary stranger inquired of Robert Treat Paine "what rank this gentleman held among the literati." Paine answered, "He possesses the greatest literary execution of any man in America. Two journals have perished under his hands, in six months." The Ordeal was first issued in January, 1809, in connection with Joseph T. Buckingham; and its objects were, to attack the Democratic party, to review and ridicule the small literary publica

tions of the press, and to discipline the children of Thespis. Pollard was a vigorous writer. His letters, reviews, and essays on political topics, evinced rare ability. He was an admirer of Ames, Hamilton, Strong, Gore, Lowell, and other Federal authors, and a real hater of Jefferson, Madison, and the writers in the Independent Chronicle. He wrote a review of Giles' speech in the U. S. Senate, on the resolution of Hillhouse to repeal the embargo laws. He addressed, in part, a series of letters to Madison, signed "Marcus Brutus." He wrote on the "Spanish cause," Napoleon being then at war with that country, and showed much vituperation. The political articles in this periodical were in a tone of caustic and vindictive censure, and "rather applied to personages of scale and office," said Mr. Pollard, "than to individuals who, however they might have deserved, have found protection in insignificance.'

Mr. Pollard, though not possessing a liberal share of charity toward his political opponents, gave peculiar evidence of a warm spirit of benevolence in the cause of common humanity. He remarked, in an address for a charitable society: "As the faculty of speech marks the chief distinction between man and the brute creation, so the sympathies of his heart are the elevating qualities which exalt him to a rank among celestial beings. And perhaps the divinity of his origin and his destiny is in nothing more fully evinced than in the relief which he extends to his fellow-men in the various vicissitudes of their lives. The majesty of his soul expands by the natural enlargement of his charity, which comprehends the whole human race within its folds; his grovelling appetites and passions are left at an infinite distance below him, and though his feet are fixed upon earth, yet his ethereal essence is combining with congenial spirits in the skies. His common feelings extend beyond the reach of the sudden impulses of ordinary men, as a great river is always superior to a smaller stream, however swelled by accidental accumulations." Mr. Pollard was an early editor of the Boston Evening Gazette, and his talent was mostly devoted to dramatic criticism in that paper. A friend wrote of him, in the Gazette, after his decease, that he had the ready wit of Garrick, and more dignity than Sterne.

Marshal Pollard had the qualities of an orator. His enunciation was clear and sonorous, and he for many years read in a manly and eloquent manner the "Declaration of Independence" at Fourth-ofJuly celebrations, previous to the delivery of an oration by a speaker

for the occasion. The oration of Mr. Pollard at the head of this article was not printed. Russell's Centinel remarked that the prayer of Rev. Mr. Holley, and the oration, were peculiarly pertinent, animating and patriotic. Mr. Pollard was about six feet in height, with rather a bending of the shoulders. He was highly accomplished in manners, and a finished gentleman. With what graceful ease and dignity he performed the ceremony of introducing the citizens of Boston to the admired Lafayette, in the Doric hall of the State House, August, 1824, is strong in the memory of many who enjoyed the honor. The refined taste and social qualities of Marshal Pollard were better suited for the drawing-room than for the purlieus of the City Hall, or the duties of a police-officer. Marshal Pollard, though amply qualified to devise projects for the prevention of crime, had not the efficiency to execute them. His successors were, Weston, Blake, Gibbs, and Tukey. It may be a question whether Francis Tukey is to the municipality what Fouché was to the court of Napoleon; but can there be a doubt that he is the Eugene Vidocq of New England, as regards the vigilant detection of offenders?

EDWARD ST. LOE LIVERMORE.

JULY 4, 1813. FOR THE TOWN AUTHORITIES.

WAS born at Holderness, N. H., where he resided in 1815. He graduated at Dartmouth College in 1800; was a counsellor-at-law; and married Sarah Creese, daughter of William Stackpole, a merchant of Boston. Was U. S. Attorney to the Circuit Court; a member of Congress for Essex county, Mass., 1806 to 1812. Was a judge of the Superior Court of New Hampshire. Was a resident of Boston in 1813. Miss Harriet Livermore, the celebrated lecturer, was his daughter. When at Portsmouth, he gave an oration on the dissolution of the political union between the United States and France, in 1799; and an oration on the embargo law, Jan. 6, 1809. He died at Tewksbury, Sept. 22, 1832, aged seventy.

BENJAMIN WHITWELL.

JULY 4, 1814. FOR THE TOWN AUTHORITIES.

Was born at Boston, June 22, 1772; entered the Latin School in 1779; graduated at Harvard College in 1790; was a counsellor-atlaw; and married Lucy Scollay, May, 1808. Was deputy Secretary of State in 1816; was poet for the Phi Beta Kappa Society at Cambridge in 1806; and died at Hallowell, April 5, 1825. In 1799, at Augusta, he gave a eulogy on Washington.

HORACE HOLLEY.

APRIL 30, 1815. FOR THE WASHINGTON BENEVOLENT SOCIETY.

THIS institution was organized Feb. 22, 1812, on which occasion Gen. Arnold Welles was elected president, and William Sullivan, Josiah Quincy, Henry Purkitt, Daniel Messenger, Francis J. Oliver, and Benjamin Russell, were elected vice-presidents. The Washington Benevolent Society was originated, it is said, in the office of Nathan Hale, attorney-at-law, No. 12 Exchange-street. The object of this society was to cherish and disseminate the principles of Washington, and to establish a fund for the aid of those unfortunate members of the institution who are reduced by the pressure of the times to a state of poverty. To effect its objects, they held monthly meetings for debate at the Exchange Coffee-house, when political speeches were delivered by our first men. The meetings were free to all parties. Political editors and party leaders attended; and the society soon increased to more than two thousand members. An oration was delivered annually on the 30th of April, in honor of the inauguration of Washington. The admission fee was two dollars, to constitute a member. The orations were pronounced until the peace of Dec. 22, 1815; and its orators were Sullivan, Quincy, Bigelow and Holley, whose performances, with the exception of the latter, were printed. The