Conseguir este libro impreso
Acerca de este libro
Mi biblioteca
Libros en Google Play
xxii
of the Greeks. § 11. Homeward march of Xerxes. § 12. The Greeks
201
celebrate their victory. § 13. Carthaginian expedition to Sicily. Defeat
and death of Hamilcar ....
CHAPTER XX.
BATTLES OF PLATEA AND MYCALE.
1. Position of the Persian and Greek fleets. 2. Preparations of Mar-
donius for the campaign. 3. He solicits the Athenians to join him.
Faithlessness of the Spartans. 4. Mardonius occupies Athens. Athenian
embassy to Sparta. March of the Spartan army. 5. Mardonius retires
Skirmishes. § 6. The
into Bootia: followed by the Grecian army.
Greeks descend into the plain. Manœuvres of the two armies. § 7. Alex-
ander, king of Macedon, visits the Grecian camp. The Greeks resolve to
8. Battle of Platea.
change their ground: their disorderly retreat.
Defeat of the Persians. § 9. Division of the spoil.
Thebes, and execution of the Theban leaders. § 11.
12. League of Platea. Religious ceremonies.
§ 14. Liberation of the
Defeat of the Persians.
Siege and capture of Sestos..
CHAPTER XXI.
HISTORY OF LITERATURE.
10. Reduction of
Death of Aristodemus. 13. Battle of Mycalé. Greek islands. § 15.
216
1. General characteristics. 2. Simonides. 3. Pindar. § 4. Ibycus
and Bacchylides. 5. Rise of history and of composition in prose. § 6.
Hecatæus, Charon of Lampsacus, Hellanicus.
Character of his work.
7. Herodotus. § 8.
Analysis. 9. Predilection of Herodotus for
Athens. 10. Style of his work
229
BOOK IV.
THE ATHENIAN SUPREMACY AND THE
PELOPONNESIAN WAR.
B.C. 407-404.
CHAPTER XXII.
FROM THE EXPULSION OF THE PERSIANS TO THE DEATH OF
THEMISTOCLES.
§ 1. Further proceedings against the Persians. 2. Misconduct and treason
of Pausanias. § 3. The maritime supremacy transferred to the Athenians.
4. Confederacy of Delos. 5. The combined fleet under Cimon. § 6.
Plans of Themistocles. 7. Rebuilding
Growth of the Athenian power.
of Athens. The Lacedæmonians attempt to prevent its being fortified.
§ 8. Fortification of Piræus. 9. Strife of parties at Athens. Miscon-
duct of Themistocles. 10. He is ostracised. 11. Pausanias convicted
of Medism. § 12. Themistocles implicated in his guilt. He escapes into
Asia. 13. He is magnificently received by Artaxerxes. His death and
character. 14. Death of Aristides
239
CHAPTER XXIII.
RISE AND GROWTH OF THE ATHENIAN EMPIRE.-FROM THE BATTLE
OF EURYMEDON TO THE THIRTY YEARS' TRUCE WITH SPARTA.
1. Cimon leader of the aristocratical party at Athens. 2. Revolt of
Naxos. 3. Battle of Eurymedon. 4. The Athenians blockade Thasos,
and attempt to found colonies in Thrace. § 5. Earthquake at Sparta and
revolt of the Helots 6. Decline of Spartan power. 7. Cimon assists
the Spartans to suppress the revolt, but without success. The Spartans
offend the Athenians by dismissing their troops. 8. Parties at Athens.
Character of Pericles. 9. Attack upon the Areopagus. 10. Ostra-
cism of Cimon. § 11. Administration and foreign policy of Pericles.
12. Expedition of the Athenians into Egypt against the Persians.
§ 13. Hostilities with Corinth and Ægina. Defeat of the Corinthians at
Megara. 14. The long walls of Athens commenced. § 15. The Lace-
dæmonians march into Boeotia. Battle of Tanagra. 16. Recall of
Cimon. 17. Battle of Enophyta, and conquest of Boeotia. Conquest
of Ægina. § 18. The five years' truce. Expedition of Cimon to Cyprus.
His death. 19. Conclusion of the war with Persia. § 20. The Athe-
nian power at its height. 21. Decline of Athenian power. Revolution
in Bœotia. Other Athenian reverses. Invasion of Attica by the Lacedæ-
monians under Pleistoanax. 22. Pericles recovers Euboea. Thirty
years' truce with Sparta 251
CHAPTER XXIV.
FROM THE THIRTY YEARS' TRUCE TO THE WAR BETWEEN CORINTH
AND CORCYRA.
1. State of parties at Athens. Thucydides. § 2. Opposite political views.
3. Ostracism of Thucydides. Administration of Pericles. He adorns
Athens. His foreign policy. § 4. Athenian colonization. Cleruchia.
Thurii and Amphipolis. 5. Nature of the Athenian maritime empire.
Amount of tribute. Oppressions. 6. Revolt of Samos. Reduction of
the island by Pericles
265
CHAPTER XXV.
CAUSES OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR.
1. Quarrel between Corinth and Corcyra. 2. Corcyræan embassy to
Athens. Decision of the Athenians. § 3. They send a fleet to Corcyra.
Naval engagements. Defeat of the Corinthians. 4. Revolt of Potidea.
5. Congress of the Peloponnesian allies at Sparta. The Spartans decide
for war. 6. Second congress. The allies resolve upon war. § 7. The
Lacedæmonians require the Athenians to expel Pericles. 8. Attacks
upon Pericles, Aspasia, and Anaxagoras. Imprisonment and death of
Phidias. 9. Further requisitions of the Lacedæmonians. Rejected by
the Athenians. 10. The Thebans surprise Platea. 11. The Athe-
nians prepare for war. Portents. 12. Forces of the Lacedæmonians
and Athenians. 13. The Peloponnesian army assembles at the isthmus
of Corinth 273
CHAPTER XXVI.
PELOPONNESIAN WAR. FROM THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE WAR TO
THE CAPTURE AND DESTRUCTION OF PLATEA.
1. The Peloponnesians invade Attica. 2. Athenian naval expeditions to
Peloponnesus and Locris. § 3. The Athenians invade the Megarid. § 4.
Second invasion of Attica. Plague at Athens. 5. Unpopularity of
Pericles. He is accused of malversation. § 6. His domestic misfortunes.
Death. Character. 7. The Lacedæmonians ravage Attica. Their naval
operations. 8. Surrender of Potidea. 9. The Lacedæmonians besiege
Platea. 10. Part of the garrison escape. § 11. Surrender of the town.
Trial and execution of the garrison
285
CHAPTER XXVII.
PELOPONNESIAN WAR CONTINUED. FROM THE SIEGE OF PLATEA TO
THE SEDITION OF CORCYRA.
§ 1. General character of the war. § 2. Military and naval operations of the
third year. Attempt of the Peloponnesians to surprise Piræus. 3. Fourth
year. Revolt of Mytilené. § 4. Fifth year. Surrender of Mytilené. § 5.
Debates of the Athenian assembly respecting the Mytileneans. Cleon and
the Athenian demagogues. § 6. Bloody decree against the Mytileneans.
7. Second debate. Reversal of the decree. Lesbos colonized by Athe-
nians. 8. Civil dissensions at Corcyra. 9. Picture of the times by
Thucydides....
296
CHAPTER XXVIII.
PELOPONNESIAN WAR CONTINUED. FROM THE SEDITION AT CORCYRA
TO THE PEACE OF NICIAS.
1. Sixth year of the war. Return of the Plague. Purification of Delos.
§ 2. Seventh year. Fortification of Pylus. 3. Attempts of the Lacedæ-
monians to recover Pylus. § 4. Arrival and victory of the Athenian fleet.
Blockade of Sphacteria. § 5. The Lacedæmonians sue for peace at Athens.
Extravagant demands of Cleon. § 6. Renewal of hostilities. 7. Debates
in the Assembly. Cleon elected general. 8. Capture of Sphacteria.
9. Advantages of the victory. 10. Proceedings at Corcyra. Slaughter
of the oligarchs. 11. Eighth year of the war. Capture of Cythera.
12. Invasion of the Megarid and Boeotia by the Athenians. Capture of
Nisæa, the port of Megara. Defeat of the Athenians at the battle of
Delium. 13. Brasidas in Thrace. Takes Amphipolis. Banishment of
Thucydides. § 14. Ninth year of the war. A truce between Sparta and
Athens. The war continued in Thrace. § 15. Tenth year of the war.
Cleon proceeds to Amphipolis. His defeat and death. Death of Brasi-
das. 16. Eleventh year of the war. Fifty years' peace between Athens
and Sparta.....
306
CHAPTER XXIX.
PELOPONNESIAN WAR CONTINUED.-FROM THE PEACE OF NICIAS TO THE
EXPEDITION OF THE ATHENIANS TO SICILY.
§ 1. League of Argos, Corinth, Elea, Mantinea, and Chalcidicé. § 2. Trans-
actions between Sparta and Athens. 3. Policy and character of Alcibi-
ades. 4. He advocates a league with Argos. Resorts to a strategem to
procure it. 5. Alcibiades victor at Olympia. His magnificence. § 6.
He proceeds to Peloponnesus. § 7. Proceedings of the Lacedæmonians.
Battle of Mantinea. 8. Revolutions at Argos. A democracy estab-
lished. 9. Conquest of Melos by the Athenians. § 10. Intervention of
the Athenians in Sicily. 11. Embassy of the Egestæans. They deceive
the Athenians respecting their wealth. § 12. The Athenians resolve on
an expedition to Sicily. 13. Preparations at Athens. Popular delusion.
14. Mutilation of the Hermæ. Accusation of Alcibiades. 15. Depart-
ure of the Athenian fleet for Sicily...
CHAPTER XXX.
PELOPONNESIAN WAR CONTINUED. THE SICILIAN EXPEDITION.
321
§ 1. Armament mustered at Corcyra. 2. Its reception in Italy. Proceed-
ings at Syracuse. 3. Plans of the Athenian generals. § 4. The advice
of Alcibiades adopted. He gains over Naxos and Catana. 5. Proceed-
ings at Athens respecting the mutilation of the Hermæ, and the profanation
of the mysteries. 6. Alcibiades accused, and ordered to return to Athens.
7. Proceedings of Nicias in Sicily. 8. Preparations of the Sicilians
for defence. 9. Nicias lays siege to Syracuse. 10. He seizes Epipola
and constructs a fort at Syké. Attempt of the Syracusans against it. § 11.
Arrival of the Spartan general Gylippus. Change in the Athenian pros-
pects. 12. Invasion of Attica by the Lacedæmonians. They fortify De-
celia. 13. The Syracusans defeat the Athenians at sea. 14. Demos-
thenes and Eurymedon arrive in Sicily with reinforcements. Reverses.
The Athenians resolve to retreat. 15. Naval engagement in the Great
Harbor. Victory of the Syracusans. 16. Its effects. Disastrous retreat
of the Athenians. Surrender of Demosthenes. 17. Surrender of Nicias.
Treatment of the prisoners. Death of Nicias and Demosthenes. ◊ 18.
Their characters..
CHAPTER XXXI.
332
FROM THE END OF THE SICILIAN EXPEDITION TO THE OVERTHROW OF
THE FOUR HUNDRED AT ATHENS.
1. Consternation and hardships at Athens. 2. Measures for defence.
6 3. Revolt of Chios, Erythræ, and Clazomenæ. § 4. Spread of the re-
volt. Defection of Teos, Lesbos, and Miletus. Revolution at Samos,
which becomes the head-quarters of the Athenian fleet. § 5. Recovery of
Lesbos by the Athenians. Dissatisfaction of the Lacedæmonians with
Tissaphernes. 6. Schemes of Alcibiades. § 7. He proposes a league
between the Athenians and Persians, and the establishment of an oligarchy
at Athens. 8. Agitation for an oligarchy at Athens. 9. Conference of
Pisander with Alcibiades. Artifices of the latter. Fresh treaty between
Tissaphernes and the Lacedæmonians. § 10. Progress of the oligarchical
conspiracy at Athens and Samos. 11. Establishment of the Four Hund-
red. 12. Their proceedings. 13. Proceedings at Samos. Alcibiades
joins the democracy there. § 14. The Athenian envoys at Samos. § 15.
Dissensions among the Four Hundred. They negotiate with Sparta. § 16.
Counter revolution at Athens. Defeat of the Athenian fleet and capture of
Euboea by the Lacedæmonians. § 17. The Four Hundred deposed and
democracy re-established at Athens
CHAPTER XXXII.
346
FROM THE FALL OF THE FOUR HUNDRED AT ATHENS TO THE BATTLE
OF EGOSPOTAMI.
1. State of the belligerents. § 2. Defeat of the Peloponnesians at Cynos-
sema. 3. Capture of Cyzicus by the Athenians, and second defeat of
the Peloponnesians at Abydus. § 4. Arrest of Alcibiades by Tissaphernes,
and his subsequent escape. Signal defeat of the Peloponnesians at Cyzi-
cus. 5. The Athenians masters of the Bosporus. The Lacedæmonians
propose a peace, which is rejected. 6. Pharnabazus assists the Lacedæ-
monians. 7. Capture of Chalcedon and Byzantium by the Athenians.
8. Return of Alcibiades to Athens. 9. He escorts the sacred proces-
sion to Eleusis. 10. Cyrus comes down to the coast of Asia. Lysan-
der appointed commander of the Peloponnesian fleet. § 11. Interview
between Cyrus and Lysander. 12. Alcibiades at Samos. Defeat of
Antiochus at Notium. § 13. Alcibiades is dismissed. § 14. Lysander
superseded by Callicratidas. Energetic measures of the latter. § 15. De-
feat of Conon at Mytilené, and investment of that town by Callicratidas.
16. Excitement at Athens, and equipment of a large fleet. § 17. Battle
of Arginusæ. Defeat and death of Callicratidas. § 18. Arraignment
and condemnation of the Athenian generals. 19. Re-appointment of
Lysander as Navarchus. § 20. Siege of Lampsacus, and battle of Ægos-
potami..
357
CHAPTER XXXIII.
FROM THE BATTLE OF EGOSPOTAMI TO THE OVERTHROW OF THE
THIRTY TYRANTS AND THE RE-ESTABLISHMENT OF DEMOCRACY AT
ATHENS.
§ 1. Alarm at Athens. 2. Proceedings of Lysander. Capture of the
Athenian dependencies. 3. Measures of the Athenians. Athens in-
vested. 4. Embassy of Theramenes.
Lysander takes possession of Athens.
6. Return of the oligarchical exiles.
Conditions of capitulation. § 5.
Destruction of the long walls, &c.
Establishment of the Thirty. § 7.