Id. The common materials which the ancients made their ships of, were the wild-ash, the ever-green oak, the beech, and the alder. Arbuthnot on Coins. While heard from dale to dale, Waking the breeze resounds the blended voice Of happy labor, love, and social glee. Thomson. This truth at least let Satire's self allow, No dearth of bards can be complained of now: The loaded press beneath the labor groans, And printers' devils shake their weary bones. Byron. It is with men of their wit as with women of their beauty. Tell a woman she is fair, and she will not be offended that you tell her she is cruel. Canning. OFF, adv., prep., & interj. Sax. of; Goth., OFF'ING, n. s. Mæs. Goth.,Teut., Belg., Dan., and Isl. af; Lat. ab. From; out of; opposed to on; and denoting generally disjunction; separation; breach of continuity, agreement, or promise; absence; distance; disappointment; opposition. Off-hand,' means unstudied; quickly performed: to come off,' to escape or recede from a contract by accident or subterfuge: to get off' is to escape: 'to go off,' desert or abandon; take fire and be discharged off' also signifies a state of being, separately considered, as he is well or ill off' means he is in a good or bad state or condition: as an interjection, off commands away, or to depart; and expresses disgust or abhorrence. Philoclea, whose delight of hearing and seeing was before a stay from interrupting her, gave herself to be seen unto her with such a lightening of beauty upon Zelmane, that neither she could look on, nor would look off. Sidney. Since the wisdom of their choice is rather to have my cap than my heart, I will practise the insinuating nod, and be off to them most counterfeitly. Shakspeare. Coriolanus. Where are you, Sir John? come, off with your Shakspeare. boots. Several starts of fancy off hand look well enough. L'Estrange. Competitions intermit, and go off and on as it happens, upon this or that occasion." Id. A piece of silver coined for a shilling, that has half the silver clipped off, is no more a shilling than a piece of wood which was once a sealed yard is still a yard, when one half of it is broke off. Locke. The questions no way touch upon puritanism, either off or on. Sanderson. Cicero's Tusculum was at a place called Grotto Ferrate, about two miles off this town, though most of the modern writers have fixed it to Frescati. Addison on Italy. Truth, guide some genuine bard, and aid his hand To drive this pestilence from off the land. Byron. OFFA, or UFFA, an Anglo-Saxon monarch, king of Mercia, who succeeded Ethelbald, A. D. 755. He treacherously murdered Ethelbert, king of the East Angles, and took possession of his kingdom. As an atonement he gave the tenth of his goods to the poor, went on a pilgrimage to Rome, instituted the tax called Peter pence, and built the monastery at St. Albans. He also erected the wall which bears his name. See ENGLAND. He died in 794. OF FAL, n. s. Belgic afval. Off and fall, i. e. that which falls off, or is refuse; waste, particularly waste or refuse food; coarse flesh; carrion; any refuse. What trash is Rome! what rubbish and what Shakspeare. offul! I should have fatted all the region kites With this slave's offal. Id. Hamlet. If we come into a barn floor and see some few call it a corn heap, the quantity of the offal devours grains scattered amongst a heap of chaff, we do not the mention of those insensible grains. Cramm'd, and gorg'd, nigh burst Hall. Milton's Paradise Lost. facturing town in the duchy, and is noted for its snuff and tobacco, wax, japanned goods, musical instruments, carriages, and trinkets. The printing of books is also carried on extensively; and the wine produced in the vicinity forms a good article of traffic. It stands on the Maine, four miles E. S. E. of Frankfort. OFFENCE', n. s. Fr. offence; Latin OFFENCE FUL, edj. offendo. Crime; vice; OFFENCE LESS, transgression; injury; OFFEND', v. a. & v. n. attack; act of wickedOFFENDER, n. s ness, or causing injury OFFEN DRESS, or disgust; the disgust OFFENSIVE, adj. caused; displeasure or OFFENSIVELY, adv. OFFEN'SIVENES3, n. s.) disgustful; displeasanger offenceful is, ing; injurious: offenceless, harmless; unoffending: to offend, to transgress; violate rules; make angry; disgust; displease; attack; injure: as a neuter verb, be criminal; cause anger; commit transgression or sin (taking against after it): an offender is a criminal, he who has committed a crime or an injury; offendress, an unusual feminine noun of the same signification: offensive is causing anger or displeasure; pain or injury; assailant; not defensive: offensively and offensiveness follow these senses. It shall suffice to touch such customs of the Irish as seem offensive and repugnant to good government. Spenser. Since no man can do ill with a good conscience, the consolation which we herein seem to find is but a meer deceitful pleasing of ourselves in error, which must needs turn to our greater grief, if that which we do to please God most, be for the manifold effects thereof offensive unto him. Hooker. In the least thing done offensively against the good of men, whose benefit we ought to seek for as our own, we plainly shew that we do not acknowledge God to be such as indeed he is. Id. The emperor himself came running to the place in his armour, severely reproving them of cowardice who had forsaken the place, and grievously offended with them who had kept such negligent watch. Knolles' History of the Turks. Thou hast stolen that which after some few hours Were thine without offence. Shakspeare. Henry IV. It seems your most offenceful act Was mutually committed. Shakspeare. You are but now cast in his mood, a punishment more in policy than in malice; even so as one would beat his offenceless dog to affright an imperious lion. Id. Othello. If much you note him All vengeance comes too short Which can pursue the offender. Shakspeare. Virginity murthers itself, and should be buried in highways out of all sanctified limit, as a desperate offendress against nature. Id. The pleasures of the touch are greater than those of the other senses; as in warming upon cold, or refrigeration upon heat: for, as the pains of the touch are greater than the offences of other senses, so likewise are the pleasures. Bacon. It is an excellent opener for the liver, but offensive Id. Natural History. Where Christ the Lord for our offences died. to the stomach. Thither with speed their hasty course they plyed, Fairfax. So like a fly the poor offender dies; But, like the wasp, the rich escapes and flies. We enquire concerning the advantages and disadvantages betwixt those military offensive engines used among the ancients, and those of these latter ages. Wilkins. I have given my opinion against the authority of two great men, but I hope without offense to their memories; for I loved them living, and reverence them dead. Jd. If, by the law of nature, every man hath not a power to punish offences against it, I see not how the magistrates of any community can punish an alien of another country. Locke. The muscles of the body being preserved sound and limber upon the bones, all the motions of the parts might be explicated with the greatest ease and without any offensiveness. Grew's Museum. The bishops therefore of the church of England did no ways offend by receiving from the Roman church into our divine service, such materials, circumstances, or ceremonies, as were religious and good. White. By great and scandalous offences, by incorrigible misdemeanours, we may incur the censure of the church. Pearson. Gross sins are plainly seen, and easily avoided, b persons that profess religion. But the indiscreet and dangerous use of innocent and lawful things, as it does not shock and offend our consciences, so it is difficult to make people at all sensible of the danger of it. Law. The conscience of the offender shall be sharper than an avenger's sword. Clarissa. Some particular acrimony in the stomach sometimes makes it offensive, and which custom at last will overcome. Arbuthnot. How shall I lose the sin yet keep the sense, And love the' offender, yet detest the offence? Pope. Our language is extremely imperfect, and in many instances it offends against every part of grammar. Swift. The watchful guests still hint the last offence, The daughter's petulance, the son's expence, Improve his heady rage with treacherous skill, And mould his passions till they make his will. Johnson. Conscience is a great ledger book in which all our offences are written and registered, and which time where any of the learned pens have ever touched bereveals to the sense and feeling of the offender. fore. Graunt. The administration of the sacrament he reduced to OFFER, v. a., v. n., & n. s. OFFERER, n. s. OFFERING, OFFERTORY, OF FERTURE. Sheridan. Fr. offrir, offre; Lat. offero. To present; exhibit any thing with a view to its being taken: hence to give, and to attempt or propose any thing; to sacrifice; immolate; devote; or present, as an act of worship (taking up emphatically): to bid; propose as a price or reward as a neuter verb, to be present or at hand; to present itself; make an attempt (taking at): an offer is, an advance; a proposal; attempt or endeavour; price bid; tribute or acknowledgment: an offerer, he who in any of the foregoing senses offers offering, the thing or subject matter offered: offertory, the act of offering: offerture, an old synonyme of offer; overture. Which hath not nede ech dai, as preestis firste for hisse owne giltis to offre sacrifices, and afterwarde for the peple, for he dide this thyng in offryng himselff Wiclif. oonys. They offered unto the Lord, of the spoil which they had brought, seven hundred oxen. 2 Chronicles. When thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed. Isaiah liii. 10. Lysimachus armed about three thousand men, and began first to offer violence. 2 Mac. iv. 40. But trewly to tellen atte last, He was in chirche a noble ecclesiast ; Wel coude he rede a lesson or a storie, But alder best he sang an offertorie. Chaucer. In all the parish wif ne was ther non, That to the offring before hir shulde gone; And, if thei did, certain so wroth was she, That she was out of alle charitee. Id. No thought can imagine a greater heart to see and contemn danger, where danger would offer to make any wrongful threatning upon him. Sidney. Fair streams that do vouchsafe in your clearness to represent unto me my blubbered face, let the tribute offer of my tears procure your stay awhile with that I may begin yet at last to find something that pities me. Id. If the mind of the offerer be good, this is the only thing God respecteth. me, Force compels this offer, Hooker. And it proceeds from policy, not love Id. Many motions, though they be unprofitable to expel that which hurteth, yet they are offers of nature, and cause motions by consent; as in groaning, or crying upon pain. Bacon. Id. We came close to the shore, and offered to land. He went into St. Paul's church, where he made offertory of his standards, and had orisons and Te Deums sung. Id. Thou hast prevented us with offertures of thy love, even when we were thine enemies. King Charles. One offers, and in offering makes a stay; Another forward sets, and doth no more. Daniel. I hope they will take it well that I should offer at a new thing, and could forbear presuming to meddle Whole herds of offered bulls about the fire, Stood mute with awe, to see the golden rod; Id. Write down and make signs to him to pronounce them, and guide him by shewing him by the motion of your own lips to offer at one of those letters; which being the easiest, he will stumble upon one of them. Holder. In that extent wherein the mind wanders in remote speculations, it stirs not one jot beyond those ideas which sense or reflection have offered for its contemplation. Locke. Servants, placing happiness in strong drink, make court to my young master, by offering him that which they love. id. It is in the power of every one to make some essay, some offer and attempt, so as to shew that the heart is not idle or insensible, but that it is full and big, and knows itself to be so, though it wants strength to bring forth. South's Sermons. When he commanded Abraham to sacrifice Isaac, the place of the offering was not left undetermined, and to the offerer's discretion. id. I enjoined all the ladies to tell the company, in case they had been in the siege, and had the same offer made them as the good women of that place, what every of them would have brought off with her, and have thought most worth the saving. Addison's Spectator. One sees in it a kind of offer at modern architecture, but, at the same time that the architect has shown his dislike of the Gothic manner, one may see that they were not arrived at the knowledge of the Id. on Italy true way. I'll favour her, That my awakened soul may take her flight, Renewed in all her strength, and fresh with life, An offering fit for heaven. Id. Cato. When a man is called upon to offer up himself to his conscience, and to resign to justice and truth, he should be so far from avoiding the lists, that he should rather enter with inclination, and thank God for the honour. Collier. It contains the grounds of his doctrine, and offers at somewhat towards the disproof of mine. Saints offer nothing in their warmest prayers, That he devotes not with a zeal like theirs : 'Tis consecration of his heart, soul, time; And every thought that wanders is a crime. Cowper. OFFERINGS, JEWISH. The Hebrews had several kinds of offerings, which they presented at the temple. Some were free-will offerings, and others were of obligation. The FIRST-FRUITS (see that article), the tenths, the sin-offerings, were of obligation; the peace-offerings, vows, offerings of wine, oil, bread, salt, &c., made to the temple or to the ministers of the Lord, were offerings of devotion. The Hebrews called all ferings in general corban. But the offerings of bread, salt, fruits, and liquors, as wine and oil, which were presented to the temple, they called mincha. The sacrifices are not properly offerings, and re not commonly included under that name. The offerings of grain, meal, bread, cakes, fruits, wine, salt, and oil, were common in the temple. Sometimes these offerings were alone, and sometimes they accompanied the sacrifices. Honey was never offered with the sacrifices; but it might be offered alone in the quality of the first fruits. These were the rules that were observed in the presenting of those offerings, called in Hebrew mincha or kerbon mincha; in the Septuagint, offerings of sacrifice; and the same by St. Jerome, oblationem sacrificii; but by our translators meat offerings (Lev. ii. 1, &c.) There were five sorts of these offerings: 1. Fine flour or meal. 2. Cakes of several sorts, baked in an oven. 3. Cakes baked upon a plate. 4. Another sort of cakes, baked upon a gridiron, or plate with holes in it. 5. The first fruits of the new corn, which were offered either pure and without mixture, or roasted or parched in the ear or out of the ear. The cakes were kneaded with olive oil, or fried with oil in a pan, or only dipped in oil after they were baked. The bread offered to be presented upon the altar was to be without leaven; for leaven was never offered upon the altar, nor with the sacrifices: but they might make presents of common bread to the priests and ministers of the temple. The offerings now mentioned were appointed on account of the poorer sort, who could not go to the charge of sacrificing animals. Those that offered only oblations of bread or of meal offered also oil, incense, salt, and wine, which were in a manner the seasoning of it. The priest in waiting received the offerings from the hand of him that offered them; laid a part of them upon the altar, and reserved the rest for his own subsistence, as his right. Nothing was burnt quite up but the incense, of which the priest kept back nothing for his own share. When an Israelite offered a loaf to the priest, or a cake, the priest broke the loaf or cake into two parts, setting that part aside that he reserved to himself, and broke the other into crumbs; poured oil upon it, salt, wine, and incense; and spread the whole upon the fire of the altar. If these offerings were accompanied by an animal for a sacrifice, it was all thrown upon the victim, to be consumed along with it. If the offerings were the ears of new corn, either wheat or barley, these ears were parched at the fire or in the flame, and rubbed in the hand, and then offered to the priest in a vessel; over which he put oil, incense, wine, and salt, and then burnt it upon the altar, first having taken as much of it as of right belonged to himself. The greatest part of these offerings were voluntary, and of pure devotion. But when an animal was offered in sacrifice, they were not at liberty to omit these offerings. Every thing was to be supplied that was to accompany the sacrifice, and which served as a seasoning to the victim. There were some cases in which the law required only offerings of corn, or bread: for example, when they offered the first fruits of their harvest, whether they were offered solemnly by the whole nation, or by the devotion of private persons. As to the quantity of meal, oil, wine, or salt, which was to go along with the sacrifices, we do not find that the law determined it. The priest threw a handful of meal or crumbs upon the fire of the altar, with wine, oil, and salt in proportion, and all the incense. All the rest belonged to him; the quantity depended upon the liberality of the offerer. Moses appoints an assaron, or the tenth part of an ephah of meal, for those that had not wherewithal to offer the appointed sin-offering. (Lev. v. 11, xiv. 21.) In the solemn offerings of the first fruits of the whole nation, they offered an entire sheaf of corn, a lamb of a year old, two tenths of fine meal mixed with oil, and a quarter of a hin of wine for the libation. (Lev. xxiii. 10, 11, 12, &c.) In the sacrifice of jealousy (Numb. v. 15), when a husband accused his wife of infidelity, the husband offered the tenth part of a satum of barley-meal, without oil or incense, because it was a sacrifice of jealousy, to discover whether his wife was guilty or not. The offerings of the fruits of the earth, of bread, of wine, oil, and salt, are the most ancient of any that have come to our knowledge. Cain offered to the Lord of the fruits of the earth, the first fruits of his labor (Gen. iv. 3, 4); Abel offered the firstlings of his flocks, and of their fat. OFFICE, n. s. & v. a.) Fr. office; Lat. ofOFFICER, n. s. ficium. Agency; OFFICERED, adj. charge; business; OFFICIAL, adj. & n. s. >particularly public OFFICIALITY, n. s. business or agency; OFFICIATE, v. a. & v. n. magistracy; employOFFICINAL, n. s. ment in the service of the state; devotion; formulary of devotion; place of business: to office is used by Shakspeare for to perform; do: officer is, a publicagent or servant; particularly a military servant of the state; also one who has the charge of apprehending criminals: officered is, furnished with officers: official is, appropriate or conducive to some assigned office; also, as a noun substantive, an ecclesiastical officer described in the extract from Ayliffe: officiality is, charge, state or quality: to officiate is, to yield or give in course of office; to discharge an office: officinal, used in a shop or druggist's office, applied to medicinal plants and drugs. Shakspeare. The air of Paradise did fan the house. And angels officed all. Empsom and Dudley, though they could not but hear of these scruples in the king's conscience, yet as if the king's soul and his money were in several offices, that the one was not to intermeddle with the other, went on with as great rage as ever. Bacon. The next morning there came to us the same officer that came to us at first to conduct us to the stranger's house. Id. A poor man found a priest over-familiar with his wife, and, because he spake it abroad and could not prove it, the priest sued him before the bishop's official for defamation. Camden. No minister officiating in the church can with a good conscience omit any part of that which is commanded by the aforesaid law. Sanderson. Whosoever hath children and servants, let him take care that they say their prayers before they begin their work; the Lord's prayer, the ten commandments, and the creed, is a very good office for them, if they are not fitted for more regular offices. Taylor. The sun was sunk, and after him the star Of Hesperus, whose office is to bring Twilight, upon the earth. Milton's Paradise Lost. All her numbered stars that seem to roll Spaces incomprehensible, for such Their distance argues, and their swift return Round this opacous earth, this punctual spot. Milton. In this animal are the guts, the stomach, and other parts official unto nutrition, which, were its aliment the empty reception of air, their provisions had been superfluous. Browne. Who of the bishops or priests that officiate at the altar, in the places of their sepulchres, ever said, We offer to thee Peter or Paul? Stilling fleet. If it should fall into the French hands, all the princes would return to be the several officers of his Temple. court. Kettleworth. Is it the magistrate's office to hear causes or suits at law, and to decide them? Since he has appointed officers to hear it, a suit at law in itself must needs be innocent. Id. You who your pious offices employ, To save the reliques of abandoned Trov. Dryden. If he did not nimbly ply the spade, His surly officer ne'er failed to crack His knotty cudgel on his tougher back. Id. The wolf took occasion to do the fox a good office. L'Estrange. Birds of prey are an emblem of rapacious officers. A superior power takes away by violence from them, that which by violence they took away from others. Id. What could we expect from an army officered by Irish papists and outlaws? Addison's Freeholder. To prove curates no servants is to rescue them from that contempt which they will certainly fall into under this notion; which, considering the number of persons officiating this way, must be very prejudicial to religion. Collier. In this experiment the several intervals of the teeth of the comb do the office of so many prisms, every interval producing the phenomenon of one prism. Newton's Opticks. The office of an officialty to an archdeacon. Ayliffe. Official is that person to whom the cognizance of causes is committed by such as have ecclesiastical jurisdiction. Id. The bad disposition he made in landing his men, shews him not only to be much inferiour to Pompey as a sea officer, but to have had little or no skill in that element. Arbuthno Cowper. And make the symbols of atoning grace An office-key; a picklock for a place. I hope I shall not depart from the simplicity of official language in saying, that the majesty of justice ought to be approached with solicitation. Warren Hastings. Will they thank the noble lord for reminding us little jobbing pursuits for followers or dependants, as how soon these lofty professions dwindled down to themselves were unfit to be created? unfit to fill the offices procured for them, as the offices Sheridan. He thinks that my right honourable friend, if in office, would renounce the principle he has avowed. Id. OFFICE, in the canon law, is used for a benefice that has no jurisdiction annexed to it. OFFICES, in architecture, denote all the apartments appointed for the necessary occasions of a palace or great house; as kitchen, pantries, confectionaries, &c. An OFFICER, in the army, is any person entrusted with command. General officers are those whose command is not limited to a single troop or regiment, but extends to a body of forces composed of several regiments; such are the general, lieutenant-general, major-general, and in some armies brigadier-general. Staffofficers are the quarter-master-general, and the adjutant-general, brigade officers, and aidesde-camp: also the quarter-masters, adjutants, the physicians, surgeons, and chaplains. Commissioned officers in our service are those appointed by the king's commission; such are all inclusive; and in the blues, or royal horse from the general to the cornet and ensign, both guards, the quarter-master bears the king's commission. Those persons are also called commissioned officers that act under the signature of the lord-lieutenants of counties, or under that |