251. The Atlas mountains that reach from Morocco to Egypt, have been long celebrated; and the mountains of the moon are a lofty range, known only by name.

252. The island of Madagascar is one of the largest in the world. On the west of Africa is St. Helena, an English colony, and a desirable port. The Cape de Verd islands are ten in number; the two largest are St. Jago and St. Anthony.

253. More northerly are the Canary, or Fortunate islands; among these is the famous Peak of Teneriffe, upwards of three miles in perpendicular height. The island of Madeira, the last that is reckoned contiguous to Africa, is famous for its wine.

251. The Atlas mountains that reach from

OF THE TERRESTRIAL GLOBE.

254. The terrestrial globe is a representation of the earth; having the seas and different countries depicted on it, exactly as they lie on the surface of the earth.

255. The central line on which the globe turns, is called its axis; but such axis is only imaginary. The extreme points of the axis are called the poles; the one is the north, or arctic, the other the south, or antarctic.

256. Geographers divide the earth into FIVE ZONES, namely, one torrid, two temperate, and two frigid zones.

1. The torrid zone extends from the equator to the tropic of Cancer northward, and to the tropic of Capricorn southward; including 231 degrees on each side of the equator, making in the whole forty-seven degrees.

2. The two temperate zones lie between the tropics and polar circles, on each side of the equator, being forty-three degrees each: and

3. The two frigid zones embrace the regions from the polar circles to the poles, extending in each direction 234 degrees.

257. The earth is supposed to be surrounded with several imaginary circles, which are actually drawn on the artificial globe, or expressed by wooden or brass work.

258. The equator is a supposed circle of the

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earth, equidistant from both poles, and it divides the globe into two hemispheres, one north and the other south.

259. Meridians are imaginary circles passing from pole to pole, or over head from north to south and by these longitude is measured. The brass circle is a universal meridian.

260. The Ecliptic is a great circle in the heavens, in which the sun, or rather the earth, performs its annual revolution.

The ecliptic is divided into twelve signs, which are marked as follows:

Aries, the Ram;
Taurus, the Bull;

II Gemini, the Twins;

Cancer, the Crab;
Leo, the Lion;

Virgo, the Virgin;

Libra, the Balance;

m Scorpio, the Scorpion,
Sagittarius, the Archer;
Capricornus, the Goat;
Aquarius, the Water-Bearer;
Pisces, the Fishes.

261. These signs refer to stars, among which the sun is seen to pass; but the signs, as well as the ecliptic itself, are drawn on the terrestrial globe only for the convenience of working some problems.

262. The Tropics are two circles, each parallel to, and at 23 degrees distant from, the equator.

263. The Polar Circles, the arctic and antarctic, are parallel to the tropics, and 23 degrees distant from the poles.

264. The Horizon is expressed by the upper surface of the wooden circle in which the globe stands, and it divides the globe into two equal parts.

265 The Zenith of any place is a point in the