"Place the controversy in many new lights."-Bickersteth's C. S. "Henry Martyn found occasion for all the skill in dialectics which the University of Cambridge could furnish among the Moolahs of Persia, and his talent was not lost; for he left a path of living light from the Ganges to the Euphrates."-ALBERT BARNES: The Relation of Theology to Preaching: Biblical Repository, 1846; and in his Miscell. Essays and Reviews, N. York, 1855, ii. 83, and ii. 278.

3. His Journals and Letters, edited by the Rev. J. Wilberforce, (now Bishop of Oxford,) Lon., 1837, 2 vols. 8vo: vol. i., 1803-06; ii., 1807-12. Abridged, 1839, p. 8vo; 1844, p. 8vo. See Eclec. Rev., 4th ser., iii. 321. See Memoir of the Rev. Henry Martyn, B.D., (by the Rev. John Sargent,) 1819, 8vo; 7th ed., 1822, 12mo; new ed., 1844, 12mo. Reviewed in Lon. Quar. Rev., xxv. 437; New Haven Chris. Month. Spec., iii. 84; Bost. Spirit of the Pilgrims, iv. 428.

"A rich accession to the recorded monuments of exalted piety." -ROBERT HALL: Works, 11th ed., 1853, iv. 353.

"I have not been till lately acquainted with any book (except 'Augustine's Meditations') that exactly paints all that I approve and all that I wish to be. Brainerd's Life has too much of gloom and despondency for me. But I think that the Memoirs of my beloved and honoured friend Henry Martyn come exactly to the point; and his biographer, the Rev. John Sargent, has marked it with beautiful precision in the close of that Memoir. O that all the world would study that short Memoir! It speaks what I would-if I were able-speak in the ear of every human being day and night. May God, of his infinite mercy, give me more abundantly to experience this heavenly disposition! and may all that I have written be blessed of Him to the producing of this holy disposition in others! Amen, and amen!"-REV. CHARLES SIMEON: Carus's Life, 3d ed.. 1848, 365-366.

See also the Life of Henry Martyn by John Hall, N. York, 18mo. A monument to the memory of this excellent man has recently (in 1856) been erected at Tokat, under the superintendence of the Rev. Mr. Van Lennep. The inscription suggested by the Court of Directors of the East India Company (which we presume will be adopted) celebrates Martyn's praises in no measured terms; and "there is a cause."

"Brainerd and Martyn," remarks the Rev. Albert Barnes, "died when scarce past the age of thirty, having done more to give permanent celebrity to their names than all that had been done by all the Cæsars."-Essays and Reviews, 1855, ii. 278.

"With respect to his labours, his own works praise him in the gate far above human commendation. In fact, we have heard the late Mr. Ward, of Serampore, publicly acknowledge that the most successful missionary that had then visited India was Henry Martyn."

-WILLIAM JONES.

"A man eminently gifted by nature and highly accomplished by education,-one in whom to the more important character of a faithful servant of God were united all the qualifications which conciliate the affections and admiration of mankind."-Lon. Quar.

Rev., xxv. 438.

Sir James Mackintosh had a high esteem for the good missionary:

"March 1st, 1811.-Mr. Martyn, the saint from Calcutta, called here. He is a man of acuteness and learning; his meekness is excessive, and gives a disagreeable impression of effort to conceal the passions of human nature. . . . He is a mild and ingenious man. We had two or three hours' good discussion on grammar and metaphysics."-Life of the Rt. Hon. Sir James Mackintosh, vol. ii. chap. ii.

Martyn, Joseph. New (60) Epigrams, and a Satyre, Lon., 1621, 4to. See Brydges's Brit. Bibliog., ii. 85-87.

Martyn, Thomas, 1735-1825, son of John Martyn, (supra,) in 1761 succeeded his father in the botanical chair at Cambridge, and subsequently became Rector of Pertenhall, Bedfordshire. Among his publications are1. Plantæ Cantabrigiensas, Lon., 1763, 8vo. 2. Serm., 4to; (all pub.) See LETTICE, JOHN. 1768, 4to. 3. Antiquities of Herculaneum, vol. i., 1773, Italy, 1791, 8vo. 4. Tour through

"The forerunner of Forsyth and Mrs. Starkie, on the same plan." 5. Flora Rustica, 1792-94, 4 vols. 8vo.

"The work is highly useful: the descriptions are very concise, and the observations most appropriate.”—Donaldson's Agricult. Biog., 1854, 53*.

Miller's Gardener's and Botanist's Dictionary, 1803-07, 6. The Language of Botany, 1793, '96, 1807. 7. Philip 4 vols. fol. See Watt's Bibl. Brit.; MARTYN, JOHN, No. 4. Martyn, Thomas. 1. The Universal Conchologist, Lon., 1784, &c., 4 vols. atlas fol., 161 plates, comprising 322 figures of shells. Very seldom found complete. Sir Joseph Banks could never obtain more than about half Goodall for £52. The Queen's copy was bought by Provost 2. English Entomologist, 1792, r. 4to. 3. Aranei; or, Natural Hist. of Spiders, 1793, r. 4to. Other publications.

the work.

Martyn, William, 1562-1617, Recorder of Essex. 1. Youth's Instruction, 1612, '13, 4to. In this book is 2. Hist. and Lives of the Kings of England, from William shewed a great deal of reading," remarks Anthony Wood. the Conqueror to Henry VIII., 1616, '18, 4to. With the Historie of K. Ed. VI., Q. Mary, and Q. Elizabeth, by B. R., 1638, fol.

"Now, I believe, coveted chiefly for the brilliant frontispiece of small portraits of the monarchs whose deeds are recorded in the text. William Marshall was the engraver of these brilliant little heads."-Dibdin's Lib. Comp. 208.

Martyn, William Frederick. A New Dictionary of Natural History, Lon., 1785, fol.

Marvel, Ik. See MITCHELL, DONALD G.

Marvell, Andrew, M.P., 1620-1678, a native of Kingston-upon-Hull, Yorkshire, educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, was, in 1660, elected to represent his

native town in Parliament, and retained this station until his death. He was in Holland and Germany between land again went abroad, for two years, as secretary to 1661 and '63, and three months after his return to EngLord Carlisle, Ambassador-Extraordinary to Russia, Sweden, and Denmark. In 1657, he was made assistant to Milton, who was Latin Secretary to the Protector, enjoyed the intimate friendship of that distinguished poet, and was one of the first to recognise his genius:

"When Paradise Lost was published, it was valued but by few, as no more than a lifeless piece, till Mr. Marvell and Dr. Barrow publickly espoused it, each in a judicious Poem."-Cooke's Life of

Marvell, 1726.

As a member of Parliament, and as a political satirist, Marvell made himself so formidable to the Government of Charles II. that an effort was unsuccessfully made, through Lord Danby, to give him golden reasons for adprovided his dinner for the day, and asked for nothing herence to the king and his ministers; but Marvell had more. The story is too well known to need repetition here. His works are now little read. The best-known of them are-The Rehearsal Transposed, 1672-73, 2 vols. 12mo, (against Samuel Parker, afterwards Bishop of Oxford;) Historical Essays on General Councils, Creeds, &c., 1674, '80, '87, 4to; 1689, 8vo; An Account of the Growth of Miscellaneous Poems, 1681, fol.; A Second and Third ColPopery and Arbitrary Government in England, 1678, fol. ;

Martyn, John, 1699-1768, a native of London, Prof. of Botany in the University of Cambridge, pub. several botanical, medical, and other works, among which are1. Historia Plantarum Rariarum, Decades Quinque, Lon., 1728-37, fol. 2. The Georgicks of Virgil, with an English Trans. and Notes, 1741, '46, Svo; new ed., 1827, 8vo. "When a schoolmaster, I recommended Martyn's Bucolics and Georgics to my scholars; and I not only allowed but advised them to bring these books to lesson. The Notes must have assisted; and the English translation on the sides could protect no boy from my searching questions."-DR. PARR.

3. The Complete Herbal of Tournefort, with Large Additions from Ray, Gerrard, &c., 2 vols. 4to. Incomplete. 4. Disserts. and Crit. Remarks upon the Eneids of Virgil, &c., with some Account of the Author and his Writings by his son, Thomas Martyn, (q. v.,) 1770, 12mo. See also his Life, in Rees's Cyc., by Sir James Edward Smith.

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other Wits, 1689, 4to. His Works, with his Life prefixed, Letters,) was pub. by Cooke, 1728, 2 vols. 12mo; again, (a very incomplete ed., containing only his Poems and Poetical, Controversial, and Political Works, with many 1772, 2 vols. 12mo. A more complete ed., (containing his Original Letters, Poems, and Tracts, never before printed,) with a new Life of the Author, was pub. by Captain Edward Thompson, 1776, 3 vols. 4to. Even this ed. omits a defence of the celebrated divine, John Howe, whose tract on the Divine Prescience had been attacked by three antagonists. Thompson also includes some pieces which are the property of other authors. A Life of Andrew Marvell, the Celebrated Patriot, with Extracts and Selections from his Prose and Poetical Works, was pub. by John Dove, Lon., 1832, 12mo. This vol. receives but little praise from Mr. Henry Rogers, in his review of the Works of Marvell, in the Edin. Review, xcii. 70, (re

printed in Rogers's Essays, i. 48.) The Rehearsal Transposed was greatly praised by the wits of the age, and certainly has this merit, that it effectually silenced Parker. Burnet says of the latter that,

"After he had for some years entertained the nation with several virulent books, he was attacked by the liveliest droll of the age, who wrote in a burlesque strain, but with so peculiar and entertaining a conduct, that, from the king down to the tradesman, his books were read with great pleasure, and not only humbled Parker, but the whole party; for the author of the Rehearsal Transposed'

had all the men of wit on his side."

Anthony Wood remarks

"that it was generally thought, by many of those who were otherwise favourers of Parker's cause, that the victory lay on Marvell's

side.... It wrought this good effect on Parker, that, forever after, it took down his high spirit."

Dean Swift, after referring to the oblivion which usually engulfs controversial publications, adds,

"There is, indeed, an exception when any great genius thinks it worth his while to expose a foolish piece: so we still read Marvell's answer to Parker with pleasure, though the book it answers be sunk long ago."

The critic of the Retrospective Review thinks that the prose works of Marvell,

"like the prose works of Milton, will attract the attention which, as part of the standard literature and history of our country, they so justly merit; and that day is not very far distant."-1824, xi.

174-195.

As regards his poetry, the same critic remarks, "All the poems, however, contain more or less of poetic beauty: some, great tenderness of feeling and expression; and others, successful descriptions of nature and pastoral scenes."-Ibid., p. 174. "As a poet," says Miss Mitford, "he is little known, except to the professed and unwearied reader of old folios. And yet his poems possess many of the finest elements of popularity: a rich profusion of fancy, which almost dazzles the mind as bright colours dazzle the eye; an earnestness and heartiness which do not alwaysdo not often-belong to these flowery fancies. but which, when found in their company, add to them inexpressible vitality and savour; and a frequent felicity of phrase, which, when once read, fixes itself in the memory and will not be forgotten. Mixed with these dazzling qualities is much carelessness, and a prodigality of conceits which the stern Roundhead ought to have left, with other frippery, to his old enemies the Cavaliers. But it was the vice of the age: all ages have their favourite literary sins: and we must not blame Marvell too severely for falling into an error to which the very exuberance of his nature rendered him peculiarly prone. His mind was a bright garden, such a garden as he has described so finely; and that a few gaudy weeds should mingle with the healthier plants does but serve to prove the fertility of the soil."— Recoller, of a Lit. Life, chap. xl.: Old Poets.

"There are unquestionably many of his genuine poems which indicate a rich though ill-cultivated fancy; and in some few stanzas there is no little grace of expression. The little piece on the Pilgrim Fathers, entitled the Emigrants,' the fanciful Dialogue between Body and Soul,' the 'Dialogue between the Resolved Soul and Created Pleasure,' and the Coronet,' all contain lines of much elegance and sweetness. It is in his satirical poems that, as might be expected from the character of his mind, his fancy appears most vigorous; though these are largely disfigured by the characteristic defects of the age, and many, it must be confessed, are entirely without merit. . . . His Latin poems are amongst his best. The composition often shows no contemptible skill in that language; and here and there the diction and versification are such as would not have absolutely disgraced his great coadjutor, Milton. In all the higher poetical qualities there can of course be no comparison between them."-HENRY ROGERS: Edin. Rev., 79, 38 99.

"Johnson says that Milton was the first Englishman who wrote Latin verses with facility and purity. Marvell may justly claim the secondary honour of latinity, for he is little inferior in this accomplishment to Milton. The Carmina on the Dew-Drop, in our last, [vol. x. 338-340,] may be given in proof, with the following:[Hortus."-Lom. Retrosp. Rev., 1825, xi. 182-185.

There is a wide difference of opinion as regards Marvell's merits as a satirist. Disraeli says that "he was a master in all the arts of ridicule; and his inexhaustible spirit only required some permanent subject to have rivalled the causticity of Swift, whose style, in neatness and vivacity, seems to have been modelled on his. But Marvell placed the oblation of genius on a temporary atlas, and the sacrifice sunk with it: he wrote to the times, and with the times his writings have passed away: yet something there is incorruptible in wit, and wherever its salt has fallen that part is still preserved."-Quarrels of Authors, in Miscell. of Lit., ed. 1840, 238, q. v.

Mr. Hallam gives a far less favourable verdict: "We read with nothing but disgust the satirical poetry of Cleveland, Butler, Oldham, and Marvell, or even of men whose high rank did not soften their style,-Rochester, Dorset, Mulgrave. In Dryden there was, for the first time, a poignancy of wit which atones for his severity, and a discretion even in his taunts which made them more cutting... Marvell wrote sometimes with more taste and feeling than was usual; but his satires are gross and stupid."-Lit. Hist. of Europe, 4th ed., 1854, iii. 484, 489.

See also, in addition to authorities cited above, Biog. Brit.; Mrs. S. C. Hall's Pilgrimages to English Shrines; Hartley Coleridge's Lives of Distinguished Northmen; Prof. Smyth's Lects. on Mod. Hist., Lect. XIX.; Macaulay's Essays, 1854, iii. 365; Lowndes's Bibl. Man., 1228; Edin. Rev., xlii. 59; Westm. Rev., xviii. 85; Lon. Month. Rev., exxix. 193; Lowndes's Brit. Lib., 366, 1084, 1085; Blackw. Mag., xxii. 727.

"Andrew Marvell was great when he refused a bribe of a thousand pounds from the Lord-Treasurer Danby, and then went to his dinner off a cold leg of mutton."-SWIFT.

Marwade, Charles G. Cotton Market, 1812, 8vo. Mary, Queen of England, 1516-1558, eldest daughter of Henry VIII., by his first wife, Catharine of Aragon. Eight of her Letters are printed in Foxe's Acts and Monuments; Two Letters in Spanish in Haynes'? State-Papers; and a Letter by her, in French, was printed by Strype from a MS. in the Cottonian Library. See histories of England; Watt's Bibl. Brit.; Park's Walpole's R. & N. Authors; Hallam's Lit. Hist. of Europe, 4th ed., 1854, i. 343, 513, ii. 39, 193; Lowndes's Bibl. Man., 1229; Blackw. Mag., xxv. 423, xxix. 514, xlviii. 767.

sole heiress of James V. of Scotland, by his second wife, Mary, Queen of Scots, 1542-1587, daughter and Mary of Lorraine, wrote poems in Latin, Italian, French, and Scotch, Royal Advice to her Son, Letters, &c. See histories of England; Robertson's Hist. of Scotland; Laing's Hist. of Scotland; Jebb's; Stuart's; Park's Walpole's R. and N. Authors; Miss Benger's Memoirs of the Life of Mary Queen of Scots, &c.; Watt's Bibl. Brit.; Lowndes's Bibl. Man., 1230; Lettres, Instructions, et Memoires de Marie Stuart, Reine d'Ecosse, par le Prince Alexandre Labanoff, 1844, 7 vols. 8vo, (contains above 700 letters, 400 printed for the first time;) Mrs. Hale's Woman's Record, 1853, 419; Hallam's Lit. Hist. of Europe, 4th ed., 1854, ii. 39, 114; Dibdin's Lib. Comp., ed. 1825, 275, 277; Lon. Quar. Rev., 1xxvii. 75; For. Quar. Rev., xxiii. 83; Westm. Rev., lvii. 96; N. Brit. Rev., iv. 1; Eclec. Rev., 4th ser., xviii. 579; Lon. Month. Rev., ciii. 430; Edin. Month. Rev., i. 239; Fraser's Mag., xxviii. 253; Blackw. Mag., ii. 31, vi. 386, ix. 194, xxi, 402, xxvi. 187, xxxi. 788, xxxvi. 686, 687, xxxvii. 366, xlviii. 771; Lon. Gent. Mag., 1856, Pt. 2, 594; N. Amer. Rev., xxxiv. 144.

Maryan, W. Hydrophobia, Lon., 1809, 8vo.

Mascall, Edward James. 1. Book of Customs, Lon., 1799, 4to; 1801, '13, 8vo. 2. Duties on Goods, 1808, 4to. 3. Duties of Customs, 1809. 4. Consol. of Customs, 1810, 8vo.

Mascall, Francis. Digest of the Law of the Distrib., &c. of Personal Estates of Intestates, 1818, 8vo. Mascall, Leonard. 1. Arte how to Graff and Plant, Lon., 1572, '78, '80, '82, '90, '92, 1652, '56, 4to.

"Prayses be to God on hye,

In all our worldly planting;

And let us thanke the Romaines also

For the Art of Graffing."-Vide Table, (in the vol.)

2. The Husbandry, Ordering, and Government of Poultrie, 1581, 8vo. 3. The First Book of Cattel, 1587, '96, 1627, 4to.

"The practical knowledge of Mascall relates chiefly to diseases, with a small notice of the animal and its breeding; but, such as it is, a large advancement was made by it towards an improved practice."-Donaldson's Agricult. Biog., 1854, 11.

4. A Booke of Fishing, 1600, 4to.

"This treatise contains a few improvements on Juliana Barnes, with remarks on the preservation of fish in ponds."-Blakey's Lit of Angling, 1856, 320.

See Drake's Shaksp. and his Times.

Maseres, Francis, 1731-1824, a native of London, Attorney-General for Canada until 1773, and subsequently Cursitor Baron of the Exchequer, was distinguished for classical and mathematical knowledge, by his works on Algebra, Trigonometry, Politics, &c., and his republications of valuable historical and other books. Among the most valuable of his republications are-1. Scriptores Logarithmici, Lon., 1791-1807, 6 vols. 4to. 2. Select Tracts relating to the Civil Wars in England in the Reign of King Charles I., 1815, 2 vols. r. 8vo. See Lon. Gent. Mag., 1824, i. 569; Watt's Bibl. Brit.; Lowndes's Bib Man., 1233; Rich's Bibl. Amer. Nova, i. 189, 217, 229230, 463; Dibdin's Lib. Comp., 1825, 160, 267, 289-290; McCulloch's Lit. of Polit. Econ., 1845, 243, 281; Hallam's Lit. Hist. of Europe, 1854, ii. 221, n.; John Macgregor's ed. of De Lolme on the Constit. of Eng., 1853, 2; LUDLOW, LT. GEN. EDMUND; MILTON, JOHN.

Masham, Lady Damaris, 1658-1708, the daughter of the celebrated Dr. Ralph Cudworth, the wife of Sir Francis Masham, and the friend, and for many years the hostess, of John Locke, wrote A Discourse concerning the Love of God, Lon., 1696, and Occasional Thoughts in reference to a Virtuous or Christian Life, 1705, 12mo. See Ballard's Memoirs; Locke, JOHN.

Masheder, W. Navigator's Companion, 1754. Maskell, Eliza. Poetical Treasury, Lon., 1842,

18mo.

1235

Maskell, William, formerly Vicar of St. Mary's Church, Devon, and Domestic Chaplain to the Rt. Rev. the Lord-Bishop of Exeter, now in the communion of the Church of Rome. 1. The Ancient Liturgy of the Church of England, according to the Uses of Sarum, Bangor, York, and Hereford, and the Modern Roman Liturgy, arranged in Parallel Columns, Lon., 1844, 8vo; 2d ed., 1846, 8vo, 158. 2. A Hist. of the Martin Mar-Prelate Controversy, in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth, 1845, cr. 8vo. 3. Monumenta Ritualia Ecclesiæ Anglicana; or, Occasional Offices of the Church of England, according to the ancient use of Salisbury, the Prymer in English, and other Prayers and Forms; with Dissertations and Notes, 1846-47, 3 vols. 8vo, £2 58. Comprises Occasional Offices from the Manual and Pontifical of the Church of

Salisbury, in Latin; the Prymer, in English; the Golden Letanye; the XV. Oos; Prayers to the Proper Angels; Form of Confession and Excommunication; Consecration of Nuns; Coronation; Consecration; Form of Healing; Blessing Cramp-Rings; Bidding the Bedes, &c.: in all, 91 several books. 4. Holy Baptism; a Dissertation, 2d ed., 1848, 8vo. 5. Serms. at St. Mary's, Exeter; 2d od., 1849, 8vo. 6. Doctrine of the Church of England upon Absolution, 1848, 8vo; 1849, 8vo. 7. A First Letter on the Present Position of the High-Church Party in the Church of England; 2d ed., 1850, 8vo, pp. 68. 8. A Second Letter: The Want of Dogmatic Teaching in the Reformed English Church; 4th ed., 1850, 8vo, pp. 90. Maskelyne, Nevil, D.D., 1732-1811, an eminent astronomer and mathematician, a native of London, educated at Catherine Hall and Trinity College, Cambridge, officiated for some time as Curate of Barnet, and in 1764 succeeded Mr. Bliss as Astronomer-Royal. He pub. The British Mariner's Guide, Lon., 1763, 4to; Astronomical Observations made at Greenwich from 1765 to 1810, 4 vols. fol., 1776, &o.; other astronomical works, 1767-92; and many papers on the same subject in Phil. Trans. and Trans. Amer. Soc., 1760-1811. Among the most useful of Maskelyne's labours was the preparation of the Nautical Almanack and Astronomical Ephemeris, 1767-1811, 46 vols. Continued after his death. See Watt's Bibl. Brit. Mason. Parish of Thurso, 1813, 8vo. Mason, Rev. Mr. Of Spelter, &c.; Phil. Trans.,

1746.

Mason, Ab. A Wonderful Relation of his Cursed Design to give Himself to the Devil, Lon., fol.

Mason, Alexander Way, George Mathison, and J. S. Kingston. The East India Register and Directory. An annual publication, commenced in 1802. Mason pub. papers in Phil. Trans., 1761, '62.

Mason, Rev. Archibald. Append. to An Inquiry into the Prophetic Numbers contained in the 1335 Days, Glasg., 1818, 8vo.

Mason, Catherine Atherton, b. at Marblehead, Mass. Utterance; or, Private Voices to the Public Heart, 1852, 12mo. This is a vol. of Poems.

Mason, Charles, D.D. Serms. and Charges, 1663-76. Mason, Charles, d. in Pennsylvania 1787, assistant of Dr. Bradley at the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, pub. Tobias Mayer's Lunar Tables, improved by C. Mason, Lon., 1789, 4to, and contributed astronomical papers to Phil. Trans., 1761, '68, '70.

Mason, Charles, of Fitchburg, Mass. An Elementary Treat, on the Structure and Operations of the National and State Governments of the United States, Bost., 1842, 8vo.

Mason, Christopher. Fire-Ball; Phil. Trans., 1742. Mason, Ebenezer, a Presbyterian divine, edited the Writings of the late John Mason, D.D., consisting of Serms., Essays, and Miscellanies, 4 vols. 8vo.

Mason, Ebenezer Porter, 1819-1840, a native of Washington, Litchfield county, Connecticut, graduated at Yale College 1839, was the author of An Introduction to Practical Astronomy, N. York, Svo, and of a valuable essay entitled Observations on Nebulæ. This essay (pub. in Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. in 1840) elicited the warm commendation of Sir John F. W. Herschell: see his Results of Astronomical Observations, 1834-38, at the Cape of Good Hope, p. 7. See Life and Writings of Ebenezer Porter Mason, Interspersed with Hints to Parents and Instructions on the Training and Education of a Child of Genius, (by Denison Olmstead,) N. York, 1842, 12mo, pp. 252; Amer. Bibl. Rep., 2d ser., ix. 164, (by Rev. W. B. Sprague, D.D.;) New Englander, iii. 313.

Dickinson College, Carlisle, Penn., 1823; was ordained a minister of the Presbyterian Church, 1826; settled at Schenectady, New York, 1827; and was pastor of the Presbyterian church in Bleecker Street, New York, from 1830 until his death. A Pastor's Legacy: being Serms. on Practical Subjects by the late Erskine Mason, D.D.; with a Brief Memoir of the Author by Rev. William Adams, D.D., N. York, 1853, 8vo.

"He was one of the greatest masters of reason."-DANIEL WEB"These discourses are worthy of the name and reputation of tho

STER.

author, full of the marrow of Christian truth, and clothed in forms of expression marked by unimpeachable purity, simplicity, and elegance."-N. York Recorder.

Also highly commended by the N. York Evangelist, &c. Mason, Francis, 1566-1621, a native of Durham, Chaplain to K. James I.; Archdeacon of Norfolk, 1619. 1. Serm., Lon., 1607, 4to; Oxf., 1634, 4to. 2. A Vindication of the Church of England, and of the Lawful Ministry thereof, &c., 1613, fol. In Latin, Vindiciæ, &c., 1625, fol. Trans. and enlarged by Rev. John Lindsay, with addits., 1728, fol.; 1778, fol. This book contains a complete refutation of the Nag's Head story. 3. Two Serins., 1621. 8vo.

4. The Lawfulness of the Ordination of the Ministers of the Reformed Churches beyond the Seas, Oxf., 1641, 4to.

"A wise builder in God's house."-K. JAMES I. "Worthily stiled Vindex Ecclesiæ Anglicana."-Wood's Athen., Oxon., q. v.

See also Strype's Parker. Mason, Francis, missionary. The Karen Apostle; or, Memoir of Ko-Thah Byu, the First Karen Convert; with Notices concerning his Nation. Edited by Prof. H. J. Ripley, Bost., 18mo.

Mason, G. H. Life with the Zulus of Natal, South Africa, Lon., 1855, 16mo. Mr. Mason here records the events of a two years' residence in Natal. The lesson of energy and perseverance exhibited is calculated to do much good.

Mason, G. Henry, Major, R.A. The Costume of China, Lon., 1800, r. 4to.

Mason, George. The Ayres that were Sung and Played at Brougham Castle in Westmoreland, 1518.

2.

Mason, George, d. 1806, aged 71. 1. Essay on Design in Gardening, Lon., 1768. Anon.; 1795, 8vo. Two Appendices to ditto, (by Uvedale Price,) 1798, Svo. Answer to Thomas Paine. 3. Supp. to Dr. S. Johnson's Eng. Dictionary, 1801, 4to. 4. Life of Richard, Earl Howe, 1803, Svo.

Mason, George. 1. Hist. of the Pirates, Freebooters, or Buccaneers of America; from the German of T. M. Van Archanholz, 1807, 12mo. 2. Fact and Fiction; a Novel, 3 vols. 12mo.

Mason, George C., b. at Newport, Rhode Island, 1820, editor of the Newport Mercury, a newspaper established June 12, 1758, by James Franklin, brother of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. 1. Newport Illustrated, in a series of Pen and Pencil Sketches, N. York, 1854, 12mo. George Ready; or, How to Live for Others, by Robert O'Lincoln, 1857. Commended as "a capital story for boys." 3. The Application of Art to Manufactures, 1858,

12mo. More than 100 illustrations.

"A most valuable practical manual."-H. T. TUCKERMAN.

2.

Mason, Rev. H. M. 1. Compend. of Ecclesiastical History, N. York, 1827. 2. Selections from the Fathers of the Church. 3. Catholic Unity, Phila., 1841, 18mo. Mason, Henrich. 1. Extracts from an Old Treat. of Surgery, [Wurguis's,] Lon., 1754, 8vo. 2. Lects. upon the Heart, &c., Reading, 1763, 8vo.

Mason, Henry, d. 1674, a brother of Francis Mason, (ante,) pub. The New Art of Lying, Lon., 1627, 4to, and some other theolog. treatises. See Wood's Athen. Oxon.; Watt's Bibl. Brit.

Mason, Henry. Education in Ireland, 1815. Mason, J. A. Trent. on the Climate and Meteorology of Madeira, Lon., 1850, 8vo, 188.; r. 8vo, £1 118. 6d. Mason, James. Anatomie of Sorcerie, 1612. Mason, James. 1. The Natural Son; a Tragedy, 1805, 8vo. 2. Literary Miscellanies, 1809, 2 vols. 8vo. The Goorgicks of Virgil, in English Blank Verse, 1810, 8vo.

3.

Mason, James. Political tracts, &c., 1804-16. Mason, John. The Turke; a worthie Tragedie, Lon., 1610, 4to; 1632, 4to. 2. The School Moderator, 1648, 4to. Mason, John. Mentis Humanæ Metamorphosis; sive Conversio, Lon., 1676, 8vo. See Watt's Bibl. Brit.; Lowndes's Bibl. Man., 1234.

Mason, Major John, 1600?-1672? one of the first

settlers of Dorchester, Mass., was one of Warham s company, 1630. Brief Hist. of the Pequot War, especially of the Memorable Taking of the Fort at Mistick, in Connecticut, in 1637. With an Introduc. and Notes by Thomas Prince, Bost., 1736, 8vo. See George E. Ellis's Life of John Mason, of Connecticut, in Sparks's Amer. Biog., New Series, iii. 307-438; Prince's Introduc. to Mason's History; Trumbull, i. 68-87, 337; Holmes's Annals.

Mason, John, Vicar of Water-Stratford. Select Remains, with Life, &c., pub. by his grandson, Rev. John Mason, of Cheshunt, 1742, 12mo; new ed., Lon., 1790, 12mo. Recommended by Dr. Isaac Watts.

"This book abounds in sound divinity, deep experience, and spiritual savour."

See Impartial Account of Mr. John Mason and his Sentiments, by Rev. H. Maurice Bucks, 1695, 4to. Reprinted, 1823. Mr. Mason is presumed to have been the founder of the sect of Jumpers.

of his Correspondence, by [his son-in-law] Jacob Var Vechten, D.D. See also HAMILTON, MAJOR-GENERAL ALEXANDER, p. 773. Among the most celebrated of Mason's productions are His Address to his People on resigning his pastoral charge of the Cedar Street Church; the sermons entitled The Gospel for the Poor, and the Messiah's Throne; the Oration on the Death of Hamilton; and the collection called First Ripe Fruits. Of this last the London Christian Observer remarks,

"It reflects credit on the author as an orthodox divine, an acute reasoner, and an able declaimer, and bears the marks of a strong and vigorous mind deeply imbued with piety."

"He possessed uncommon power as a preacher and controversialist. It was impossible to listen to his preaching without feeling a great variety of emotions."-Encyc. Amer.

"He occupied a great space in the thoughts of his contenporaries as very rarely endowed with fervid, rich, and most popular eloquence."-REV. TIMOTHY FLINT: Sketches of the Lit. of the United States: Lon. Athen.. 1835. 716.

"He was eminent for his erudition and for his intellectual powers. As a preacher he was uncommonly eloquent."-PRESIDENT ALLEN.

"The mind of Dr. Mason was of the most vigorous order, his theology Calvinistic, and his piety and zeal worthy of imitation. He was eminent as a pulpit-orator, his eloquence being powerful and irresistible. It is said that when Robert Hall heard him preach in 1802, he exclaimed, 'I can never preach again!"—Fish's Pulpit Eloquence, 1857, 486, q. v.

2. The Lord's-Day Evening Entertainments: 52 Practical Discourses, 1751-52, 4 vols. 8vo; 2d ed., 1754, 4 vols. 8vo. 3. The Student and Pastor, 1755, 8vo; new ed., by Joshua Toulmin, D.D., 1807, 12mo. 4. XV. Discourses, 1758, 8vo. 5. Christian Morals, 1761, 2 vols. 8vo. A Sequel to No. 2. Of this work and No. 2 Dr. Williams remarks that they,

"Like every other production of this author, discover a proper sense of moral obligation, but somewhat sparing of evangelical peculiarities; with exact arrangement of matter, perspicuity of style, well-chosen expressions, and a more scrupulous regard to

harmonious numbers than is common to the best writers."-Christian Preacher, 5th ed., 316.

6. Essay on the Power and Harmony of Prosaic Numhers. 7. Essay on the Power of Numbers and the Principles of Harmony in Poetical Compositions. 8. Essay on Elocution. These three tracts (Nos. 6, 7, and 8) passed through several editions. They are now almost unknown. See Life as above.

Mason, John. Dropsy; Med. Obs. and Inq., 1784. Mason, John. His Case, 1807, 8vo. Mason, John. Serm., 1809, 4to. Mason, John. Remarkable Passages in his Life and Death, and Poems by Him, Lon., 4to.

Mason, John Mitchell, D.D., 1770-1829, a native of the city of New York, a son of the Rev. Dr. John Mason, graduated at Columbia College 1789, and subsequently continued his studies at Edinburgh; succeeded his father as minister of the Scotch Church, Cedar Street, New York, 1792, and filled this post until 1810; became pastor of a new church, in Murray Street, 1812; Provost of Columbia College, 1811-16; travelled in Europe, for the benefit of his health, 1816-17; President of Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 1821-24; returned to the city of New York in 1824, and there resided until his death. He was greatly esteemed for his piety, eloquence, and erudition. 1. The Voice of Warning [against the excesses of the French Revolution, 1789, &c.]; a Discourse. 2. Serm. before the New York Missionary Society, N. York, 1797. 3. Oration on the Death of Washington, 1800. 4. Serm., Eph. i. 7, 1801, 8vo. 5. Serm. before the London Missionary Society, 1802. 6. First Ripe Fruits: being a Collection of Tracts. To which are added Two Serms., with a Short Memoir of the Author, Lon., 1803, 8vo. 7. Oration on the Death of Hamilton, 1804. 8. Claims to Episcopacy Refuted: see HOBART, JOHN HENRY, D.D., 9. A Plea for Catholick Communion in the Church of God; 2d ed., Lon., 1816, 8vo. Robert Hall speaks in the highest terms of this work: see Hall's Works, 11th ed., 1853, ii. 238-240, 460. See also Lon. Evangel. Mag.. April, 1817; Lon. Eclec. Rev. 10. Essay on the Church, 12mo. In 1832, N. York, 4 vols. 8vo, (new ed., 1849, 4 vols. 8vo,) appeared The Writings of the late John M. Mason, D.D., consisting of Sermons, Essays, and Miscellanies, selected and arranged by the Rev. Ebenezer Mason; and in 1856, 2 vols. 8vo, was pub. Memoirs of John M. Mason, D.D., S.T.P., with portions

"The celebrated Dr. Mason of New York, justly regarded as one of the brightest ornaments of the Western hemisphere."-ROBERT HALL: Works, ii. 238.

This heroic scholar and divine, whom I never think of without admiration of the vastness of intellectual power which God in his wisdom vouchsafes to certain mortals, was prominently acknow

days.... His address to his people on resigning his pastoral charge of the Cedar Street Church is perhaps his greatest oratorical effort."-Dr. John W. Francis's Address, Fifty-Third Anni

versury of the New York Historical Society, Nov. 17, 1857, 41, 42;

and see 85, 86.

See also Bost. Chris. Disciple, iii. 475; Dr. Spring's Power of the Pulpit; Address before the Philolexian and Peithologian Societies, 1830, by Gulian C. Verplanck.

Mason, Rt. Hon. John Monck. 1. The Dramatic Works of Philip Massinger, with Notes, &c., Lon., 1779, '94, 4 vols. 8vo. 2. Comments on the late [Isaac Reed's] Edition of Shakspeare's Plays, Dubl., 1785, 8vo; Lon., 1785, 8vo. 3. Comments on the Plays of Beaumont and Fletcher, &c., 1798, 8vo. 4. Comments on the Several Editions of Shakspeare's Plays, extended to those of Malone and Steevens, Dubl., 1807, 8vo.

Mason, Lowell, Mus. Doc., b. 1792, at Medfield, Mass., removed to Savannah, Georgia, in 1812, where he resided until 1827, when he was persuaded to settle in Boston by a number of gentlemen who were deeply interested in improvements in church music. From an interesting notice of the Educational Labors of Lowell Mason pub. in Barnard's Journal of Education, Sept. 1857, 141-148, (by W. H. Russell, the Elocutionist,) we extract the following list of the publications of this eminent musical benefactor, who has gone far towards making the Americans a nation of "singing-men and singing-women." JUVENILE, OR SCHOOL Books:

1. Juvenile Psalmist, Bost., 1829. 2. Juvenile Lyre, (the first book of School Songs published in this country,) 1830. 3. Manual of Instruction in the Elements of Vocal Music, 1834. 4. Juvenile Singing-School, 1835. 5. Sabbath-School Songs, 1836. 6. Sabbath-School Harp, 1837. 7. Juvenile Songster, Lon., 1838. 8. Juvenile Music for Sabbath-Schools, Bost., 1839. 9. Boston School SongBook, 1840. 10. Little Sopgs for Little Singers, 1840. 11. American Sabbath-School Singing-Book, Phila., 1843. 12. Song-Book of the School-Room, Bost., 1845. 13. Primary School Song-Book, 1846. 14. The Normal Singer, (four-part Songs,) N. York, 1856. GLEE-BOOKS, ETC.:

18.

15. The Musical Library, &c., Bost., 1835. 16. The Boston Glee-Book, 1838. 17. The Odeon, 1839. The Gentlemen's Glee-Book, 1842. 19. The Vocalist, 1844. 20. The Glee Hive, 1851.

SACRED AND CHURCH MUSIC BOOKS:

21. The Boston Handel and Haydn Collection of Church Music, 1822: more than 50,000 sold to 1858. 22. The Choir, or Union Collection, 1833: more than 50,000 sold to 1858. 23. The Boston Academy Collection, 1836: more than 50,000 sold to 1858. 24. Lyra Sacra, 1837. 25. Occasional Psalmody, 1837. 26. Songs of Asaph, 1838. 27. Boston Anthem-Book, 1839. 28. The Seraph, 1838. 29. The Modern Psalmist, 1839: more than 50,000 sold to 1858. 30. The Carmina Sacra, 1841: of this and No. 36, 500,000 copies have been sold to 1858. 31. The Boston Academy Collection of Choruses, 1844. 32. *The Psal

tery, 1845 more than 50,000 sold to 1858. tional Psalmist, 1848: more than 50,000 sold to 1858. 34. Cantica Laudis, 1850: more than 50,000 sold to 1858. 35. The Boston Chorus-Book, 1851. 36. The New Carmina Sacra, 1852. 37. The Home Book of Psalmody, Lon., 1852. 38. The Hallelujah, N. York, 1854: 150,000 sold to 1858.

Many smaller works and single pieces are not included in the above.

His last publication is entitled Mammoth Musical Exercises, (1857,) and he is now (1857) engaged, in conjunction with Profs. Edwards A. Park and Austin Phelps, of Andover Theological Seminary, in the preparation of A Collection of Psalms and Hymns for Christian Worship. See N. Amer. Rev., xxiv. 244, (by W. H. Eliot.)

[Those works with the are published in connection with Mr. George James Webb.]

Mason, M. M. Southern First-Class Reader, N. York.

Mason, Margery. The Tickler Tickled, 1779. Mason, Martin. Theolog. treatises, 1655-62. Mason, Rev. P. H., and Rev. H. H. Bernard. An Easy Hebrew Grammar, Lon., 1853, 2 vols. 8vo. "Will prove invaluable to self-instructors. . . . Vast amount of information."-Jour. of Sacred Lit.

Also commended by the Scottish Eccles. Jour., Lon. Christian Rememb., and the Guardian.

Mason, or Rason, R. Perfect Conveyancer: see HENDON, EDWARD.

Mason, R. H. 1851, 2 vols. p. 8vo.

Pictures of Life in Mexico, Lon.,

"An amusing book."-Lon. Athenæum. "The value of these volumes is unquestionable."-Lon. Globe. Mason, Richard. Serms., 1742-45. Mason, Richard, M.D., formerly of Surry county, Virginia. 1. The Practical Farrier, for Farmers, Phila., 12mo. 2. Farrier and Stud Book. New ed., by J. S. Skinner, [editor of the Farmer's Library, New York,] 12mo.

Mason, Richard Oswald. Reasons for Reviving the Use of the Long-Bow and Pike, 1798.

Mason, Mrs. Sarah. The Lady's Assistant for the Table, Lon., 1773, 75, 8vo.

4.

Mason, Simon. 1. The Good and Bad Effects of Tea Considered, Lon., 1745, 8vo. 2. Fevers and Agues, 1745, 8vo. 3. Narrative of his Life, Birming., 1752, 8vo. Memoirs of his Life and Distresses, Lon., 1756, 8vo. Mason, Thomas. 1. Christ's Victorie over Sathan's Tyrannie, Lon., 1615, fol. 2. A Revelation of the Revelation, 1619, 8vo. 3. Nobile Par. See Athen. Oxon. Mason, Thomas, minister of Northfield, Mass., d. 1851, aged 81. Thanksgiving Serm., 1824.

Mason, W. Handful of Essaies; or, Imperfect Offers, Lon., 1621, 12mo.

Mason, W. Wallis. Carrots; Nic. Jour., 1806. Mason, William. Works on Short-Hand, 1672-1707. Mason, William. A Little Starre, giving some Light into the Counsels and Purposes of God, Revealed in the Scriptures, Lon., 12mo.

Mason, William, 1725-1797, an English divine who gained some reputation by his poetry, but more by the friendship of Gray, was the son of the Vicar of St. Trinity Hall, in the East Riding of Yorkshire; educated at St. John's College, Cambridge, and elected a Fellow of Pembroke College in 1747. In 1754, he took holy orders; became Rector of Aston, Yorkshire, and chaplain to the king, and at the time of his death had been thirtytwo years Precentor and Canon Residentiary of York. His principal works are Elfrida, a Dramatic Poem, written on the Model of the Antient Greek Tragedy, 1752, 4to; Odes on Memory, Independence, Melancholy, and the Fate of Tyranny, 1756, 4to; Caractacus, a Dramatic Poem, written on the Model of the Antient Greek Tragedy, 1759, 4to; The English Garden, a Poem in Four Books, 177282, 4to; Collection of Anthems for Church Music, 1782; Secular Ode in Commemoration of the Glorious Revolution. 1688, 4to, 1788; Essays, Historical and Critical, on English Church Music, 1795, 12mo. His Memoirs of Thomas Gray, 1775, 4to, have already claimed our attention: see GRAY, THOMAS, No. 8. See also Miss Mitford's Literary Recollections, chap. xxxii.; Lon. Month. Rev., 1xxviii. (1815) 384; Dibdin's Lib. Comp., 1825, 536; Lord Jeffrey's Contrib, to Edin. Rev., 1853, 186. The Plays of Elfrida and Caractacus, with a Monody on the Death of Mr. Pope, Odes, Elegies and Letters, were pub. in 1805, 8vo; and a collective ed. of his Works in 1811, 4 vols. 8vo; again, 1816, 4 vols. 8vo. From a review in the

"The literature of Mason has been underrated. [See GRAY. THOMAB No. 8.] This mistake is partly owing to the absence of all parade erudition of his friends; but his attainments as a scholar might be of learning in his works, and partly, perhaps, to the gigantio far beneath those of Hurd and Gray, and, at the same time, far above those of ordinary classical scholars. He was bred, indeed, at a country school, and therefore never tried to emulate the forms of classical composition; but his taste was good, his knowledge of the learned languages not defective, and he was certainly able, without a master, to transfer the choral graces of Sophocles' into his own dramatic compositions. That he failed in his attempt to transplant these graces to the English stage was no imputation on his knowledge or his talents: they were copied with skill and with genius-of our own drama presented an insuperable bar. Mason animation, but the genius-we may be permitted to say, the better only failed where Milton had failed before. . . . From the first specimens which are preserved of his Muse, he appears to have been gifted by nature with the materials of a great poet: his faults were those of superfluity, not of defect; his imagination was copious to excess, his diction florid even to the confines of bombast. . . On the Caractacus and Elfrida it would be idle to comment. The public taste has at length assigned to them the rank of beautiful dramatic poems, with much fancy, some tinsel, great classical taste, and an entire unfitness for representation. . . . In elegies and moral epistles Mason was excellent: the flow of his versification, the warmth but honest independence of his opinions, the tone of intellectual superiority which he maintains in addressing the great, the exalted sentiments of morality and religion which he generally infuses into these short but exquisite compositions. render it difficult to determine whether we are more to respect the poet or the man.

"But in the more cramped and contracted walk of sonnet and metrical epitaph, Mason reigns and triumphs. In the former he sometimes far surpasses Milton; in the latter he rivals Dryden."— 380, 381-382, 383–384.

Southey remarks that the tragedy of Elfrida was "written on an artificial model, and in a gorgeous diction, because he thought Shakspeare had precluded all hope of excellence in any other form of drama."

torical fact, for which no man should be forgiven, and for which "Mr. Mason, in his Elfrida, has wantonly misrepresented hisno beauties in his poetry can compensate."-Headley's Select Beauties of Ancient Eng. Poetry, 1810, i. lvii., n.

See also Memoir of Mason in Johnson and Chalmers's English Poets, 1810, 21 vols. 8vo; Chalmers's Biog. Dict.; Rees's Cyc., (by Dr. Burney;) Encyc. Brit.; Black w. Mag., xxx. 482, (Poetry of Mason,) xxxvi. 553, (Odes of Mason.)

"Whence is that groan? no more Britannia sleeps, But o'er her lost Musaus bends and weeps. Lo. every Grecian, every British, Muse Scatters the rarest flowers and gracious dews Where MASON lies."-Pursuits of Literature. Mason, William, 1719-1791, a native of Rotherhithe, Surrey, was long known as a justice of the peace, and, after 1783, as an acting magistrate. He pub. several religious works, among which are-1. Christian Communicant; last ed., Lon., 1836, 12mo. 2. Crumbs from the Master's Table. 3. Christian's Companion for the Sabbath; last ed., 1856, 8vo. 4. The Believer's Pocket-Companion; new ed., 1849, 32mo. 5. Manual of Piety; new ed., 1843, r. 32mo. 6. Help to Family and Private Devotion; last ed., 1856. 7. A Spiritual Treasury for the Children of God; last ed., 1853, 12mo.

"I have found a sweet savour of Jesu's precious name, fres grace, and perfect salvation, in these meditations."-W. ROMAINE. Mason, William Monck. Hist. and Antiquities

of St. Patrick's Cathedral, near Dublin, 1190-1819, 1820, 4to. Some on large paper, 1820, r. 4to.

"Some curious and elaborate notices concerning Swift's life have appeared in the History of the Cathedral of St. Patrick, Dublin, by William Monck Mason, Esq."-SIR WALTER SCOTT.

Mason, William P., succeeded John Gallison as Reporter of the First Circuit of the United States. Reports

of Cases in the Circuit Court of the United States for the

First Circuit, from 1816 to 1830, Bost., 1819-31, 5 vols These Reports-com8vo. Again, 1836, 5 vols. 8vo. prising the decisions of Mr. Justice Story-have been already referred to in our notice of JOHN GALLISON, p. 649 of this Dictionary. The decisions relate to a great variety of subjects,-Constitutional, Admiralty, Personal and Real Law, and Chancery.

"They are characterized by the profound learning, acuteness, and thoroughness of research which are such eminent traits of their author. They will bear a favorable comparison in point of learning and practical utility with the best volumes of the English Reports."

See also Life and Letters of Judge Story, 1851, i. 316, 527, 529-531; review of vol. i. Mason's Reports, 1814, in N. Amer. Rev., viii. 253-276, (by Henry Wheaton.)

Mason, William Shaw. 1. A Statistical Account, or Parochial Survey, of Ireland, Dubl., 1814-16-19, 3 vols. 8vo. An excellent work. Vol. i. is commended in Lon. Quar. Rev., xiii. 76–82. 2. Barony of Portnehinch in