Imágenes de página
PDF
ePub

8. 0 ō:

9.

will be found among the Compound Vowel Soun ls) Bid, it, pit, hyp, wind, give; plinth, virulent, sive. Minim, myth, build; frigid, crypt, living; cygnet, visor, styptic, synod, women. Vineyard, been, scrivener, hyssop, abyss; citron, chintz; livelong, vigil; witty, breeches, chrysalis, pyramid, ritual, rhythm, pretty, busy, spirit, lyric. Ridicule, chagrin, privilege, situate, miracle; typify, typical; irrigate, tyranny, quilt, capricious. Litigious, spiracle, mirror, stirrup, chirrup, implicit, masculine, feminine; satiric, panegyric, juvenile, vivacity. Conduit, forfeit, curtain, marriage, biscuit; captain, mountain, fountain. (The Italicized letters in the last eight words have, according to Worcester, an obscure sound of i.)

:

Ŏ:

(as in note; called long o, and marked thus: ō). No, woe, oral, bolster, dome; rogue, drove, host, most, strode, toad; trow, jocose, both. Gross, clothe, roll; cloak, locomotive, folk; gold, loth, sloth. Show, strew, sew, stony, boll; beau, oats, goal, droll; foe, dough, glow, dotard. Mote, coat, soap; moat, woad, road; oval, cocoa, furlough, stone, votive. Snow, yeoman, bourne; gourd, soar, boat; throat, notion, soldier; coal, portly, force, molten. Prorogue, poultry, coulter, engross; moulder, hautboy, depose, whole, curioso, withhold. Revoke, encroach, brooch; towardly, toward, follow; fellow, trover, olio ; billow, throe, though, soul. Bu'reau, antelope, froward; frowardly, onyx, poulterer; only, shrove, zodiac; knoll, wholesale, window, coeval; rondeau, sonorous, glory, o'asis, cameo, votary, bowsprit.

:- (as in not; called short o, and marked thus: . This sound is the same as the sound of a in was, which is the fourth elementary sound shortened). Not, bond, clod, wad; swath, coffee, was, wan; wallow, sorrow, trode yacht, chaps, swamp, quash. Goth, moth, froth; cost, frost, column, toss; vocative, topic, gloss, dross; sorrel. hostile, jocund, fossil, monad, wasp. College, knowledge, hovel; torrid, solëcism, warrant, florid; monologue, sorry. Quality, halibut, quantity; solve, swap, body, wander, wanton, swan, grovel, squalid, wand; quadrant, conch, mas'todon, tonic, polygon, forage, quarry, scallop.

10. u:

- (as in bull, called middle or obtuse u, and sometimes marked thus: û. This sound is the same as o in woman and short oo in good. Long u, being regarded as a

11. 00:

compound vowel sound, will be found under that head). Pull, full, put; bulletin, puss, push, am'bush. Would, could, ruthless, should; wolf, wood, foot. Book, woolen, hook, look; pulley, bully, fuller. Pulpit, butcher, cushion; sugar (the s like sh), cuckoo, woman, wolsey.

(as in fool; the same sound as the o in move and the u in rude). Lose, woo, prove; who, do, tomb, two. Cool, rule, ooze, lampoon; loo, boom, rheum, boor, brute; fruit, ruby, routine, croup, group. Poor, bruit, true, room, groove; booty, bruise, uncouth; boon, shoe, loser, proving, cooper. Moody, monsoon, moon; balloon, druid, pontoon, accoutre.EI Brutal, improve, behove; bruin, recruit, surtout, imbrue. Rural, brunette, canoe; truant, prudent, broom; souvenir (pronounced soovner); souchong (pronounced sooshong'); cartouche (pronounced kartoosh').

12. ŭ:—(as in but; called short u, and marked thus: u). Cub, null, nothing, such; dove, brother, dost, doth. Does, done, none, pulp; sloven, color, front, son, fun, tongue, some, honey, blood. Rough, flood, chough, joust; turret, shovel, young; touch, puppet, punish, mulct, thorough, study. Comfort, covert, combat; worry, compass, wonted, couplet. Pommel, burrow, murrain, money; onion, housewife, double, hurricane; cousin, southern, hurry. Above, among, enough, sough; fulminant, monk, colander, somerset, covetous, borough.

13, W:

EXERCISE II.

VOWEL OR CONSONANT SOUNDS.

(as in will. In one, once, the o stands for two sounds, namely, that of w, and of u short; for the words are pronounced wun, wunce). Swoon, way, waft, one; once, woo, wain, wine. Wood, woe, suite (pronounced swēt); choir, quake, thwart. Wormwood, quorum; cuirass, (pronounced kwē-ras), weather, whether.

Pinion,

14. y: (as in yes). Indian, yawn, youth; yield, you. Asia, million; poniard, odious; yale, yolk, yerk. minion, filial; conciliate, rebellion, vermilion

CONSONANT SOUNDS.

15. h:-(as in hot; an aspirate, or simple breathing. In a few words in the succeeding exercises, namely, those in

which the letter o follows wh, the sound generally denoted by h alone is expressed by the two letters wh, which will be known by both letters being in Italic, as in whole. If the w is not in Italic, it must have its proper sound, as in whale). Perhaps, hall, haunt, whole; whale, hostler, whoop, wheat, whim. Whig, hydra, exhibit, wholly, whimper; co'hort, humble, inhibit, hartshorn. Inhale, wholesome, behest; vehement, annihilate, incomprehensible. (See ¶ 72).

16. ng:- (as in king; a nasal consonant sound. In the following exercises, let it be heard at the letter or letters in Italic, and at such only. Thus in the word anger, the n only being Italicized, shows that that single letter should have the sound of ng, as if the word were spelled ang-ger. But in singer, the italicizing of both the n and g denotes that both letters are embraced in the sound of ng, thus, sing-er). Gang, spring, length, bank; sink, conch. Being, nothing; bringing, hanging. Robin, robbing; matin, matting; hanger, anger; singer, finger; anguish, longer, younger, congress, concourse. Anxious, anchor, banquet. Distinguish, extinguish, unthinking, languid, conquest.

17. m:

18. n:

- (a liquid nasal consonant sound, as in man). Blame, maim, limn, limner, gum; realm, charm, rhythm. Lamb, comb, calm; hymn, phlegm, drachm. Famine, moment, solemn, tempter. Empty, mammillary, mimic, mammet, column, islamism.

- (a liquid nasal consonant sound, as in not. Remember, this sound embraces all the letters in Italic: for instance, in often, three letters come under the sin gle sound of n). Sun, nun, noon; poignant, poniard, noun, gnome, stolen. Fallen, swollen, barn; mourn, name, poignancy, gnarl. Deign, gnaw, kneel, knock, sign, linen, banner, foreign. Lessen, flaxen, basin; hasten, chasten, frozen. Cousin, reason, deafen; often, roughen, even; unanimous. Given, heathen, shapen; oaken, wheaten, deaden; nonentity, pneumatics.

19. 1:-(a liquid consonant sound, as in let.

Remember that all the Italicized letters in words in this paragraph must be sounded as if they were represented by / alone: for instance, in grovel, both the final letters come under the single sound of l; in chapel, only one). Oil, live, all, owl, marl; lull, lily, earl, isle, leave, loins. Melon,

20. r:

lively, flow, folly, lovely, solace; castle, axle, evil, grovel, cripple. Able, tackle, title, needle; novel, parcel, chapel, model, miracle, manacles.

(a liquid consonant sound, as in run. See rule, ¶ 77, in regard to the trilled and untrilled r. In the exercises of this paragraph, the Italicized letter or letters have the sound of trilled r). Pray, ray, raw, rheum; rear, wrap, wry. Fry, bray, crape; rally, grape, tray; shrill, throw, remnant, shroud. Shriek, throng, raiment, rhubarb, wrestle; frenzy, trumpet, rural, around. Shrug, enrich; briery, flowery; contrary, library; memorandum, regulator, repetition, sudorific.

(In the exercises of this paragraph, the Italicized letter or letters have the sound of r smooth or untrilled. See rule, ¶ 77.) Bar, err, fir; rear, nor, cur; bare, here, hire; core, universal, pure, hour. Terse, force, marsh, scarf, swerve, carve, hearth; pearl, arm, learn, curb. Garb, bark, cart, card, herd; pardon, mercy, virtue, border, warder. Butter, mortgage, colonel, order, commerce; defer, debar, abhor, affair. Appear, expire; adore, demure.

p:

EXERCISE III.

COGNATE EI CONSONANT SOUNDS.

21 (aspirate, as in pan). Sharp, pipe, pert; apt, prim, prater. Rasp, pope, whelp; vamp, pippin, slipper,

*By some orthoëpists, these coupled consonant sounds are distinguished by the name of breath and voice consonants, instead of aspirate and vocal. The pupil may be taught to perceive how in the former the breath, and in the latter the voice, is the more exercised. The following list of words, containing alternate aspirate and vocal consonant sounds, divided by periods, may serve as an appropriate exercise here:

Hiss, hath, sash, shot, cap, sack, foot, hushed, hatched, haft. Wall, dwell, your, gang, muse, waves, zeal, dares, age, nerve. — Sapped, packs, tax, speck, asp, sips, posts, cupped, packed, coughed. Bathe, lone, male, rare, globe, vague, blaze, ranged, mouthed, walled.

Hatchet, puppet, cassock, topic, pocket, tufty. Willow, rosy, languid, mazes, grandeur, rather. Skeptic, cestus, chimney, attic, office, cossacks, coppice. Roman, lovely, moving, bible, jaunty, guardian, glowworm. Excess, accost, except, access, expect. Beware, resume, believes, obliged, absolve. - Assist, coquette, success, affect, suspect. Beneath, farewell, around, debar, imbue.

Epithet, execute, suscitate, pickpocket. Wooingly, idolize, lingering, otherwise. Catechist, ecstasy, occiput, epitaph. Gradual, libeller, dialogues, eulogy.

Specific, exsiccate, ecstatic, auxesis. Remaining, delusion, aurelia, adorer. Acētous, apostate, pathetic, facetious. Decorum, erosion, de neanor, vermilion.

proper. Steeple, puritan, populous, turpitude, pabular, Happy, pilfer, pomp; puppet, pupil, pap.

22. b:(vocal, as in bag). Cub, ebb, tube; bang, bib, glebe; babe, bulb, barb, blue, bubble. Succumb, imbue, embark; disburse, cabal, unblessed, baboon.

ebony; obstacle, barbarous, barbican.

Abrogate, fabulous,

23. f:-( aspirate, as in fan). Deaf, off, sphere, ruff, chafe; calf, laugh, tough, half, graphic, chough, nymph. Rough, sylph, sulphate, sophist, fry; phrase, sphinx, fifth, profit, pheasant, deafen, roughen, often. Soften, hyphen, metaphor, caliph, prophet; draught, quaffed, phantom. Epitaph, aphorism, phaëton; phosphorus, febrifuge, symphony; fire, fife, trophy, lymph, philter, pamphlet.

24. V:— (vocal, as in van). Pave, weave, hive, grove; halve, twelve, solve, starve, nerve, of. Fever, vain, void;

ravel, grovel, heaven.
valve; votive, nephew.

Stephen, even, given, vivid,

25. th: (aspirate, as in thin). Bath, breath, breaths; path, lath, oath, mouth, drouth; width, sixth, eighth, twelfth. Warmth, truth, youth, truths,* youths; * rhythm, thwart, thesis; swath, lethë, thulë, thank, think. Thenceforth, loth, hundredth, thousandth, amethyst; apathy, orthodox, logarithms, synthesis, myth.

26. th (vocal, as in thine). With, bathe, mouth (when a verb), breathe; lithe, blithe, these; their, though, baths. Paths, laths, oaths; wither, whither, mouths; either, neither, heathen, northern, father. Hither, with, thither, thenceforth; inwreathe, bequeath, beneath, unsheathe booth, booths.

27. t:

(aspirate, as in tin). Hat, kite, dust, haft, halt, dreamt, flirt, tight, taught. Hurt, thyme, thames (pronounced tems), yacht, debt, laced; state, danced, chafed. Laughed, chopped, drought, wrecked, matter; tatter. brittle, victual, asthma, phthisic. Flourished, crushed, practised, trespassed, testament; titillate, tantamount,

* According to Walker, these words, in the plural, should have the aspirate sound of th, as in thin; although path, oath, and many similar words, have, in the plural, the vocal sound of th, as in this. See T 80.

« AnteriorContinuar »