Mathematical and Physical Papers, Volumen 2University Press, 1883 |
Otras ediciones - Ver todo
Términos y frases comunes
angle of incidence aperture arbitrary constants astigmatic attraction axis bands bridge calculated centre Clairaut's Theorem coefficient considered cos² critical angle denote density determined direction displacement distance disturbance double integrals dx dy dz dx² earth ellipticity error ether exact differential experiments expression finite fluid force formula given glass gravity grooved face Hence horizontal hypothesis incident light integral intensity limits luminiferous ether mass medium motion nearly negative Newton's Rings observed obtained parallelepiped particle perpendicular plane of diffraction plane of incidence plane of polarization plate portion positive prism produced quantity radius vector reflected refraction refractive index regarded respect result sensible shew sin² spectrum suppose supposition surface of equilibrium theorem theory tion undulations vanishes velocity of propagation vertical vibrations vis viva
Pasajes populares
Página 225 - ... or to that acquired by a heavy body in falling through a space equal to half the depth of the fluid. It may be remarked that the velocity of propagation is independent of the density of the fluid. It is needless to consider the determination of the arbitrary...
Página 131 - ... on the hypothesis of original fluidity. The object of the author in the first part of this paper is to obtain the general connexion between the form of the surface and the variation of gravity along it, by an application of the doctrine of potentials, without making any hypothesis whatsoever respecting the distribution of matter in the interior of the earth. The latter part of the paper was devoted to the consideration of the irregularities produced in the variation of gravity by the irregular...
Página 99 - ... a plane perpendicular to the plane of incidence, and that it is the truth of the formulae, not that of the hypotheses, which is under consideration. Nevertheless the formulae require further confirmation. When the angle of incidence becomes 90°, it follows from Fresnel's expressions that, whether the incident light is polarized in or perpendicularly to the plane of incidence, the intensity of the reflected light becomes equal to that of the incident, and consequently the same is true for common...
Página 92 - Accordingly a great variety of different particular hypotheses, leading to formula? differing from one another, and from Fresnel's, would agree in giving a perfect reflection at an incidence of 90°. Thus for example the formula which Green has given* for the intensity of the reflected light, when the incident light is polarized in a plane perpendicular to the plane of incidence, gives the intensities of the incident and reflected light equal when the angle of incidence becomes 90°, although the...
Página 99 - ... wave vanishes at a certain angle, whose tangent is equal to the ratio of the velocities of propagation. At this angle, which is the angle of complete polarization, objects should therefore cease to be visible by reflected light; — a result which is contradicted by all experience, and is only true when the light is polarized in a plane perpendicular to. the plane of reflexion. When the wave is reflected at the surface of the rarer medium, there are two expressions for the intensity, for incidences...
Página 142 - Gcf = mEa2, r= +<e-Jm)-(i-cos'0) ............ (16). Consider now the effect of the earth's attraction on the moon. The attraction of any particle of the earth on the moon, and therefore the resultant attraction of the whole earth, will be very nearly the same as if the moon were collected at her centre. Let therefore r be the distance of the centre of the moon from that of the earth...
Página 54 - ... 0. By the term continuous function, I here understand a function whose value does not alter per saltum, and not (as the term is sometimes used) a function which preserves the same algebraical expression. Indeed, it seems to me to be of the utmost importance, in considering the application of partial differential equations to physical, and even to geometrical problems, to contemplate functions apart from all idea of algebraical expression.
Página 168 - AM which is due to g' by our knowledge of the height of the land and the depth of the sea, and the part which depends on A'# by the result of pendulum-experiments. It may be observed that a constant error, or a slowly varying error, in the height of the land would be of no consequence, because it would enter with opposite signs into g...
Página 173 - If two piano-cylindrical lenses of equal radius, one concave and the other convex, be fixed one in the lid and the other in the body of a small round wooden box, with a hole in the top and bottom, so as to be as nearly as possible in contact, the lenses will neutralise...
Página 39 - Having put the first sides of equations (4) under the form (5), •we may solve the equations, regarding du dv dv dw dw du dy dx' dz dy' dx dz as the unknown quantities. For this purpose multiply equations (4) by dz/dc, dz/da, dz/db, and add; then the second and third unknown quantities will disappear. Again, multiply by dx/dc, dx/da, dx/db, and add; then the third and first will disappear. Lastly, multiply by dy/dc, dy/da, dy/db, and add; then the first and second will disappear.