The Obligation of Contracts Clause of the United States ConstitutionJohns Hopkins Press, 1919 - 122 páginas |
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Términos y frases comunes
50 cents 75 cents American Trade Unions applied argued argument authority Bank Blackstone borough Charles River Bridge charter Chief Justice civil law cloth common law compact considered Constitution contracts clause Convention conveyance corporate franchises counsel Crown Dartmouth College decision declared doctrine duty effect eleemosynary eminent domain enforce England English existence fact gation grant of corporate H. B. ADAMS Hampshire History Holland I-II impairing the obligation incorporation institutions Jurisprudence jurists king land law of nature legal right legislative legislature Marshall Maryland ment natural law obli obligation of contracts omnipotent opinion Parliament parties passed person political positive law principles of natural private contracts private corporations privileges public corporations Pufendorf question reason regarded repeal Royal African Company rules says Shirley sovereign statute Supreme Court term theory thing tion tracts Trade Unions trustees United United States Constitution usucapio V-VI vate Virginia Washington Webster writers XI-XII
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Página 25 - The contract between Georgia and the purchasers was executed by the grant. A contract executed, as well as one which is executory, contains obligations binding on the parties. A grant, in its own nature, amounts to an extinguishment of the right of the grantor, and implies a contract not to reassert that right. A party is, therefore, always estopped by his own grant.
Página 112 - Bills of attainder, ex post facto laws, and laws impairing the obligation of contracts, are contrary to the first principles of the social compact, and to every principle of sound legislation.
Página 69 - This is plainly a contract to which the donors, the trustees, and the crown, (to whose rights and obligations New Hampshire succeeds,) were the original parties. It is a contract made on a valuable consideration. It is a contract for the security and disposition of property. It is a contract on the faith of which real and personal estate has been conveyed to the corporation. It is, then, a contract within the letter of the constitution, and within its spirit also...
Página 65 - The fundamental principles of the law of corporations as they appear, practically unchanged, during the latter half of the eighteenth and the first half of the nineteenth centuries...
Página 49 - The sound and true rule is, that if the contract, when made, was valid by the laws of the State as then expounded by all departments of the government, and administered in its courts of justice, its validity and obligation cannot be impaired by any subsequent action of legislation, or decision of its courts altering the construction of the law.
Página 68 - ... is made to the crown for a charter to incorporate a religious and literary institution. In the application it is stated that large contributions have been made for the object, which will be conferred on the corporation as soon as it shall be created. The charter is granted, and on its faith the property is conveyed. Surely, in this transaction, every ingredient of a complete and legitimate contract is to be found.
Página 90 - A private corporation," say the court, "created by the Legislature, may lose its franchises by a misuser or a nonuser of them; and they may be resumed by the government under a judicial judgment upon a quo warranto to ascertain and enforce the forfeiture. This is the common law of the land, and is a tacit condition, annexed to the creation of every such corporation.
Página 34 - Powell states a contract to be a transaction in which each party comes under an obligation to the other, and each reciprocally acquires a right to what is promised by the other.
Página 87 - Why, to parliament to be sure; to parliament, from whom their trust was derived ; to parliament, which alone is capable of comprehending the magnitude of its object, and its abuse; and alone capable of an effectual legislative remedy. The very charter, which is held out to exclude parliament from correcting malversation with regard to the high trust vested in the company, is the very thing which at once gives a title and imposes a duty on -us to interfere with effect, wherever power and authority...
Página 52 - The trust with which they are held, therefore, is governmental and cannot be alienated, except in those instances mentioned of parcels used in the improvement of the interest thus held, or when parcels can be disposed of without detriment to the public interest in the lands and waters remaining.