ROME. [ITALY.] ROME. nized. Here may be seen some exceed- | principal hotels are the Hôtel de l'Europeingly interesting Etruscan tombs. The the table d'hôte and service is decidedly railway from Civita Vecchia to Rome follows the coast, passing the site of Pyrgi, a powerful Etruscan maritime town (now Santa Severa) only a few miles from Civita Vecchia; and half way to Rome it passes Cervetri (the ancient Care), a town noted as the place of refuge of the vestal virgins who escaped from Rome when it was taken by the Gauls. At Palo the road leaves the coast, and soon strikes the valley of the Tiber, which it follows to Rome, a distance of 45 miles. From Florence to Rome, via Empoli, Siena, Orvieto, and Viterbo. The railway being only opened to Baschi, travelers take the other routes. There is, however, a branch line in the course of construction from Orvieto to Oste on the Tiber, which, when finished, passengers can take returning from Rome to Florence. There is daily communication between Orvieto and Rome. Fare, to Orvieto, 24 frs.; to Siena, 10 frs. 25 c. Florence to Rome: time 9 hours; fare, first class, 39 frs. 10 c. Changing cars at Empoli, Siena is reached in two hours. Hotel Albergo Reale. Population 24,000. The seat of an archbishop and a university. Its streets are narrow and the houses ill built, but it contains a beautiful Cathedral, with several works of art. There are numerous private palaces rich in works of art. The principal public one is the Palazzo Publico. In the 12th century the town was of great importance, and contained 200,000 inhabitants. Passing Chiusi, noted for its spurious relics, we arrive at Orvieto, H. Delle Belle Arti. The Cathedral is rich in works of art. Next year we hope to chronicle the opening of the railroad by this route to Rome, when the smaller towns on the road will be given in detail. ROME. Rome, the most celebrated of European cities, famous in both ancient and modern history, formerly for being the most powerful nation of antiquity, and afterward the ecclesiastical capital of Christendom and the residence of the Pope, and since 1871 the capital of United Italy and the residence of the king, is situated on both banks of the Tiber, about 16 miles from its mouth. Population in 1872, 244,000. The the best in Rome, having also the most healthy and beautiful situation - Hôtel Constanzi, Hôtel d'Italie, and Hôtel AngloAmericaine. The De l'Europe has for a long time maintained its position as one of the finest hotels in Europe. The Hôte Constanzi is a new house, situated in one of the most healthy parts of the city, and commanding a fine view. It has a beautiful public parlor, a billiard-saloon, smoking-room, etc. The Hôtel d'Italie, in the Via Quattro Fontane, is most comfortable. The table is excellent, prices moderate, and the proprietor, Mr. Valenti, is most obliging. The Anglo-Americaine is situated near the Piazza di Spagna, in Via Frattina, and has numerous cosy little apartments to let on moderate terms to parties desiring a lengthened stay. It is admirably managed by Signor Paolucci. "I am in Rome! oft as the morning ray And from within a thrilling voice replies, The lowliest village (what but here and there Or traveler with staff and script, exploring, Through nations numberless, in battle array, Up and in arms, at length subdued them all. The city that, by temperance, fortitude, Still o'er the mind maintains from age to age There, as though ROME. The railway enters the city by an opening made for its passage near the Porta Maggiore, and has its terminus at the Piazza di Termini, the site of the baths of Diocletian, of which some magnificent fragments will give the traveler his first evidences of the splendor of the Rome of the Emperors. The railway passes, however, two most interesting ruins between the wall and the terminus- the TEMPLE OF MINERVA MEDICA, and the AGGER OF SERVIUS TULLIUS, supposed formerly to have been here only a mound, but shown by the cutting of the railway through it to I contain a massive Etruscan wall of huge blocks of peperino. The wall of Servius Tullius inclosed the seven hills, and, passing from the Quirinal to the Capitol, struck the Tiber near the island, the greater part of modern Rome having been built on what was anciently the Campus Martius and adjacent land lying outside the Servian wall; in fact, the seven hills are now almost entirely uninhabited, the Aventine, overlooking the Tiber and port of Ripa Grande, having on it only two monastic establishments; the Palatine, the ruins of the palace of the Casars (now being partially excavated), and two monastic buildings; the Cælian, the villa Mattei, now a nunnery, the churches of St. Stefano Rotonda, St. Gregory, Sts. John and Paul, the ruins of the vivarium, and a few buildings, monastic and other, on the side toward the Esquiline; on the latter are the ruins of the baths of Titus, St. Pietro in Vincoli, and two or three farmhouses; the Viminal is traversed by the Via di Quattrofontane, but the greater part of it is occupied by the grounds of the villa Negroni, the baths of Diocletian, and vineyards, parts of the Quirinal and Capitol only being to any extent dwelt on. It is impossible, in a visit as brief as that usually given to the ancient capital of the civilized world, to become thoroughly acquainted with its objects of interest. In its walls and in the range of a few miles around it is found the greater part of the material on which we base our knowledge of the antique past. Within a day's ride are the remains of all the epochs of civilization of which we have any knowledge, and in the galleries, composed of the remains found in and around Rome, is the most of what we have of antique art. The first object of interest as we approach the city is the wall, an regular zigzag structure, mainly of brick, with towers and bastions of all forms and kinds of masonry. It is that known as the wall of Aurelianus. It has been breached and repaired many times, and was thoroughly repaired by Belisarius, since whose time it has undergone little change. It probably coincided with the more ancient wall of Servius Tullius only at one point, near St. John Lateran. Incorporated in it, in the course of its circuit, are the pyramid of Caius Cestius, the soldiers' amphitheatre, the aqueducts, and the Prætorian camp. It had on Of the bridges which cross the Tiber, the Capitol side of the Tiber thirteen gates, the PONTE ST. ANGELO, formerly Pons of which eight only are now open, and on Elius, built by Hadrian; SISTO, formerthe Vatican side two, of which only one, ly Janicolensis; QUATTRO CAPI, formerly with a portion of the wall, remains. The Fabricius, connecting the island with the actual wall of the Vatican part of the city city; S. BARTOLOMEO, formerly Cestius; is of Middle-age construction. The Porta and P. ROTTO, formerly Palatinus, of S. Lorenzo (formerly Tiburtina) is by far which a part only remains, the damage bethe earlier and most interesting. The in- ing repaired by a suspension bridge, the scriptions on the Porta Maggiore, with the work of Pio IX., are all ancient, a new several aqueducts passing over it, have suspension bridge near the Santo Spirito great interest, the architecture of the gate being the only entirely modern one; while being, however, very bad. of the Sublicius, made immortal by Hora |