only. The progress and result of this experiment is minutely shown in a table, and here it is only necessary to mention that twenty plants from old seeds produced eight fruit more than twenty from fresh seeds, and that the fruit of those plants which had not been transplanted weighed, on an average, 2 lbs. 2 oz.; while those from plants which were transplanted weighed 2 lbs. 8 oz. on an average. Finally, M. Toussaint wishes that such experiments may be carried on by others, and a garden appropriated to this purpose, to ascertain the best and most durable soil and manure for those plants. [Mr. Figgans's communication, p. 567., on the results of growing the cucumber and the melon in heath mould, is congenial with the above experiments.]

The result of this experiment, respecting the flavour, was, that the best-flavoured fruit were produced in the mixture of two thirds leaf mould and one third horse-dung; the fruits produced in the other mixtures were less delicate, although superior in flavour to others produced in the common garden soil. The least-flavoured, which were sweet, but mealy, were those produced in the mixture of two thirds cow-dung and one third turf.

49. Report upon the Experiments on the Impregnation of Plants. By Professor Henschel, at the University of Breslau.

M. Henschel gives a detail of his observations on natural impregnation, and on the effect produced on the seed or fruit, when parts of the organs of plants are hindered from performing their functions. Secondly, he treats on artificial impregnation, and its results; thirdly, on the impregnation with pollen of other plants, not belonging to the same genus, &c. &c; fourthly, he details experiments with what he calls " modified impregnation," or with pollen of the same, or from other plants, mixed with a substance of a different nature; fifthly, he treats on impregnation with foreign substances, as carbon, &c. &c. These experiments are minutely described, and a view of their results given in tables.

51. Meeting of the Society, Nov. 2. 1828.

M. Langmatz gave an account of the advantage of wormwood for producing potash. On a place of about a square rod he obtained 108 lbs. of herbage, which after it was burnt gave 11 lbs. of ashes, and from this he extracted 5 lbs. of rough potash; while from 100 lbs. of birchwood he only procured 4 lbs. of ashes, and 1000 lbs. of this ashes only make 219 lbs. of potash. This experiment shows how advan

tageous it is to grow wormwood for making potash; the more especially as it grows fast, and on any soil.

54. Account of a Black Carnation.

Extract from a letter of the Society for Fruit-culture, at Gruben. "M. Ulrici raised a perfectly black carnation from seed, which he called the Mohren König (Negro King). He had a very large collection of carnations; but, since it has been dispersed, this black variety has been apparently lost. The Society wishes therefore to know if it does not exist somewhere, as M. Ulrici was very liberal in distributing whatever rare varieties he possessed."

58. On an Insect (Tenthrèdo erythrocéphala) which is very injurious to the Species of the Genus Pinus, and particularly to Pinus Stròbus; with a Figure of the Insect.

59. M. Bosse succeeded in preserving a bulb of Amaryllis revoluta, which was much rotted, by cutting off the wasted part, without injuring the roots; on the wound he put powdered charcoal, and kept the plant in a dry stove, until the injured parts became dry, when he covered it with wax, leaving an opening in the centre for the leaves to grow through. After being repotted it was put in a warm frame, where it soon began to grow, and attained its former size.

60. On the Impregnation of the Species of Passion Flower.
By M. Bosse.

He approves of impregnating with the pollen of different species or varieties; in this case they produce fruit more freely than when impregnated with their own pollen; he has also, by this cross impregnation, originated several varieties.

61. Observations on the Character of the Regular and Natural Styles of laying out Gardens, and their Application. By M. Sckell, Inspector of the Royal Gardens in Bavaria.

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The different styles in which gardens are laid out may distinguished by the two appellations, the regular and the natural. The first, and oldest, is also called the French style, from its having been so much in use in that country, and also for the great perfection to which it was brought during the time of Louis XIV. and the great genius Le Nôtre, wherefore all gardens laid out similar to those of Versailles, St. Cloud, Marly, St. Germain, Meudon, Sceaux, Chantilly, the Tuilleries, and the Luxembourg, are called French.

Another kind of regular style, a subdivision of the former, is the Italian garden, which, although regular, differs greatly

from the French. Italian gardens are much in combination with architecture and sculpture, and are, it seems, more designed to increase the beauty of these, than to form a work of art in themselves; which is quite the reverse of the French gardens, where architecture and sculpture are only used for embellishing the garden.

A third subdivision of the regular style is the Dutch garden. Hedges and trees are cut into different forms, the grass plots are divided into curious figures, and the walks are laid out, or rather paved, with variously coloured stones, glass, shells, &c., which gives the whole more the appearance of mosaic work than a garden. This plan has, however, long ceased to be adopted. There are also two different classes in the natural style, the Chinese and the English: the idea of the latter has probably arisen from that of the former, as they only differ in the Chinese introducing wild and terrific scenes in their gardens, while by the English only the beautiful and charming are admitted. The love for this natural style has spread very rapidly on the Continent, and many well-formed French gardens have been transformed into English ones, without considering how far regular forms were necessary for that effect, which, in combination with magnificent architecture, these gardens were originally intended to produce. All writers on the art of gardening agree that the regular style is in certain cases not only applicable, but essential; and this circumstance induced M. Sckell to give his opinion on the question, "Under what circumstances can or should the regular style be used ?"

He first refers to Hirschfeld's Theory of the Art of Gardening, p. 139., who, speaking of the application of the English style, says, "There are, however, cases in which symmetric gardens make an exception, as gardens round the houses in towns and suburbs, near palaces, in public places and promenades," &c. &c.

The regular form of a sublime building, which has in all its parts the character of grandeur, is so much in contrast with natural scenery, that these two objects cannot be combined without a medium. With a few modifications, and for the same reason, the regular style should be chosen for promenades near towns (which are to be distinguished from public gardens), in consequence of the regularity of the situation, and for the convenience of the public. A third case, where, though regular gardens are not always necessary, they are mostly applicable, is, in front and behind houses in towns and suburbs, where the place is generally too limited for natural scenery. Whether there are other cases except

those above mentioned, where the regular style could be used with advantage, M. Sckell does not venture to decide; but a refined taste, when every circumstance is considered, will easily determine.

(To be continued.)

ART. II. Hortus Woburnensis; a descriptive Catalogue of upwards of Six Thousand Species of ornamental Plants cultivated in the Gardens at Woburn Abbey; with numerous illustrative Plans for the Erection of Houses for Forcing, Green-houses, &c., and an Account of the Management of them throughout the Year. By James Forbes, A.L.S. C.M.H.S. &c., Gardener to his Grace the Duke of Bedford, K.G. 8vo, 440 pages; twenty-six lithographed prints. London, 1833. Medium paper, 16s.; royal paper, with proof prints, 17. 10s.; royal paper, with proof

prints coloured, 21. 2s.

"THE first part of the work contains a descriptive catalogue, in abbreviated terms, of the generic and specific characters of upwards of 6000 plants, such as are best adapted for the green-house, plant stove, or decoration of the pleasureground, or such as appear the most interesting to the botanist and amateur in the British flower-garden; the descriptions of which, although much compressed by being confined within a small compass, will render considerable assistance in the identifying of the numerous genera and species. These distinguishing peculiarities will, it is hoped, characterise the arrangement of the plants in this work from those of any other catalogue. The accompanying Glossary will elucidate the various abbreviations in the catalogue part of the work.

"The second part comprises the plans of the parterres, pleasure-grounds, green-houses, plant stoves, heathery, and other erections, with a description of the different subjects enumerated, the soil, and the general management best adapted for the growth of the Cape, Botany Bay, and other exotic plants.

"The third part is confined to the plans and details relative to the kitchen-garden department, with lists of the fruits cultivated; and comprises numerous designs for the erection of forcing-houses, culinary pits, &c., with an account of the materials best adapted for their erection, and mode of heating by hot-water pipes, &c.; and lastly, the general routine of culture pursued throughout the year in the forcing department."

This indication of the scope and office of the book is

copied, letter for letter, from Mr. Forbes's " preface." The catalogue of plants is arranged according to the system of Linnæus. We copy two or three instances, as specimens, of the descriptive particulars attached to the genera and species:

Systematic English
Name.

Name.

Form of
Leaves, &c.

Col. of Month Native Yr. of Soil and Flow. of Fl. Country. Introd. Propagation. [Seeds 4.

[naked.

SA'LVIA, SAGE or CLARY. Cal. tub. with 2 uneq. lips. Cor.rin, Ger. 4-cleft. Sty. cur. Stig.clov. fúlgens. B. R. Cardinal. rug. cord, ov. cren. hairy. sc. 1. 12. Mexico. 1827. G.. ROSMARINUS, ROSEMARY. Cal. 2-lipped. Cor. ringent, helmet bifid. Stam. curved. Seeds officinalis. R. S. common. lin, sess. whit. ben. pa. bl. 1. 4. S. Europ. 1548. H. cuttings. [each. IPOM`EA, IPOM`EA. Cal. 5-part. nak. Cor. campan. 5-plicate. Caps. 2-3-celled, with 2 seeds in insígnis. A. R. magnificent. palm. 5-lob. up. ov. or. cord. p. 6. 8. E. Ind. 1814. S.. cl. cuttings. [2-3-cells, with 1-2 seeds in each. CONVO'LVULUS, BIND-WEED. Cal. 5-cleft. Cor. bell-shaped, plaited. Stig. 2. Caps. of arvénsis, Br. Fl. small, sagitt. acut. Pedun. 1-fl. ros. 6.9. Britain..... H.. cl. Sandy loam.

These specimens are copied from the original; and we have chosen them, because their subjects are doubtless known to most or all of our readers. Some of the words in the last column, the width of our page did not allow room for.

Now follows the subject of the second part of the book, namely, "the pleasure-ground," and the various objects of interest which the pleasure-ground includes. As several of these are illustrated by engravings, we will collect the titles of the engravings first, and then we shall be sure not to omit to mention them, which would not be just to a work whose illustrations must have cost by far the greater part of the expense of producing it. Plates or prints: 1. South-west view of Woburn Abbey; a lithograph by Ross. This is the frontispiece to the volume. 2. A titlepage, engraved by Weddell, in which the park gate and the entrance to the park are introduced as a vignette. 3. A general plan of the pleasure-ground. 4. Her Grace's flower-garden, in front of the private apartments; parterres in front of the libraries. 5. Parterres in front of the sculpture gallery. 6. Ground plan, front elevation, and section of the green-house. 7. Ground plan and section of the plant stove; ground plan and section of a pinery heated by one boiler. 8. Plan, ele

vation, and section of the heath house. 9. Plan of the parterre for hardy heaths. 10. The menagerie. 11. Outer entrance to the menagerie; inner entrance to the menagerie. 12. Children's gardens. 13. Drakeloc pond, the Chinese temple, and evergreens. 14. Henry VII.'s cottage, at the extremity of Aspley Wood. 15. Labyrinths at Aspley Wood. These are the objects of which illustrations are given; and they are of course the subjects of particular description in the annexed letter-press, in which, besides these, the follow