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I may say, was among the first to set an example to his Jewish brethren, of giving a liberal education to their children."

The Reformed Society have fifty members, making with their families upwards of two hundred Dissenters. The Jews born in Carolina are mostly of their way of thinking. The objects of the Reformers are thus explained:

"The principal points aimed at by the Reformers, are order and decency in worship, harmony and beauty in chanting, the inculcation of morality and charitable sentiments upon individuals, and the promotion of piety towards the Deity.. In these things, the Society believes, consist religion, virtue and happiness; in these, the salvation of every rational and immortal being.

Although in France the rich Jews, generally, have little or no religion, yet in Bourdeaux the Israelites have built a handsome temple, sing with taste and music, preserve great decency and order, and have a portion of the liturgy in French. I have not been able to ascertain whether they sit covered or not. But I perfectly recollect being told, by competent authority, that the worship was solemn, affecting and engaging.

"In Germany, where the civil (Christian) authorities interposed to prohibit several exceptionable ceremonies and practices, it was done at the request of enlightened Israelites."

Mr. Harby, the author of the second article reviewed, is said by the author to be

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honourably known in the fields of literature, having published a successful tragedy, entitled Alberti, of which the style is more than commonly chaste, and the structure betokens no small dramatic ability. He for some time edited, in an able and indefatigable manner, one of the four daily papers in Charleston; another being conducted also by a gentleman of the same religious denomination, distinguished for the solidity and extent of his views in political economy, and occasionally by the felicity of his literary criticisms. Mr. Harby's Discourse will much increase his reputation. It is conceived in a fine spirit, and executed in a manner altogether worthy of the occasion. There is a solemnity, and a conscientious fixedness and elevation of purpose, apparent in the author's views. He has all the ardour and confidence of a Reformer, to whom obstacles are stimulants rather than discouragements. Though, in the capacity of an Israelite, he betrays a becoming sympathetic indignation for the past sufferings of his brethren, yet he seems to feel, that the name of America is rather a more precious patronymic, than one of antique and foreign origin. Cherishing a bitter hatred against the cruel excesses of spurious Christianity, he still has the candour and discrimination to separate

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order of architecture, which raises its plain but massy head amid the ruins of time, and the desolation of empires!"

After the destruction of Jerusalem, our ancestors, though all political union was dissolved, were not unmindful of the promises of God, of the preservation of their name, their nation, and their religion. They still retained some patriarchs in Judea, and what they denominated Princes of the Captivity in the East. Wherever they were tolerated, they established colleges, and instituted various orders of learned men. They have mainly upheld and disseminated the beautiful institutions of Masonry, that universal link of brotherhood. Mindful of the word of God, and convinced of the unity of the Godhead, they have never been seduced from their allegiance to the supreme ONE. The manifold oppressions inflicted on their unprotected heads, have never caused them to apostatize [from] their religion. They exhibit the picture of a people scattered over the whole earth by the winds of heaven, divided from each other by interminable oceans and trackless deserts, yet preserving and venerating the religion, the customs, the antique simplicity, the language, and character of their ancestors, after a lapse of nearly eighteen hundred years!

66 Did my limits permit, or my subject require it, my respected auditors, I might carry you with me over those inhospitable climes, those despotic countries trod by the bleeding feet of this selected race, in their pilgrimage through a hostile world. Even during such a recital, I might find subjects for your admiration. I might speak of their academies, and of their eminent men; of their mathematical knowledge; of those sages who have done more for the Jewish name than all the power and conquests of antiquity; of their experiments in chemistry, which science they so materially advanced; not merely analytical chemistry, but, what they pursued with the most ardent passion, synthetical chemistry, in which their combinations were so admirable, that many of the Jewish Doctors fell under the suspicion of being possessed of the grand areanum. This is the secret of the philosopher's stone, by which every metal is to be transmuted into gold. The elixir, by which this precious revolution is to be accomplished, was believed also to have the power of curing every disease (like some celestial julep), and to confer youth and immortality on the man who knew the synthesis, and who, cleansed by abstinence and prayer from every terrene incumbrance, would patiently watch for the flame which wrapped the sacred birth in the bed of purification. Such was the extravagance of credulity. A proof at once of the mingled admiration and awe with which the vulgar regard extraordinary learning or striking experiments.

"The Jews and Arabs, in the middle ages, became the physicians of Europe, and the confidants of princes. A Jewish physician has been charged with poisoning Charles the Bald: the

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king's death, however, is due to more royal hands. But Voltair remarks, What must have been the ignorance of Christendon at that period, when kings were obliged to send in search d physicians amongst the Jews and Arabs!"* And it may not be added, What might still have been the ignorance of Christendom, if the Jews and Arabs had refused to come!"

"But a remnant has escaped. The celestial fire was not all extinguished. With what pride and pleasure must the happy few who composed our immediate forefathers; the happy few who were sufficiently enlightened to leave oppression, and go in quest of liberty; with what indescribable sensations must these pilgrims of the world have hailed the dawn of freedom, as it illumined the Western horizon! Here they have found a refuge and a home; in this happy land, where nature is profuse in all that can administer to the physical wants and pleasures of her creatures; where, after a few years' residence, they enjoy the rights of men; and where the birthright of ourselves, their children, is equal liberty. Where is he that does not feel glow of honest exultation, when he hears himself called an American? Who that does not offer praise and thanksgiving to Providence, for the contrast of what man is in these United States, and what he is under almost every other government? Thus appreciating, thus enjoying the natural and political blessings of our country, we are willing to repose in the belief, that America truly is the land of promise spoken of in our ancient Scriptures; that this is the region to which the children of Israel, if they are wise, will hasten to come. Not to some stony desert, or marshy island, or inhospitable clime, do we invite them. We point out no fixed spot for cultivation or for peace. Let them, and the oppressed of all mankind, take their free choice. They leave behind no paradise, as did our first parents; they rather approach a garden of plenty and variety, where protection is above and around them, and whence the flaming sword of the cherubim has been withdrawn. Let them approach; in coming to America,

The world is all before them, where to choose

Their place of rest, and Providence their guide.

"Let them select the city or the plain, the commerce-beaten shores of the Atlantic or the rich wilderness of nature, that spreads its prodigality throughout the West, presenting incitements to enterprise and stores of wealth, uncounted, unsurveyed, immeasurable."

"But, be the promised land what it may; whether new Jerusalem mean old Judea, renovated and blessed by the munificence of Heaven; or whether, with Chrysostom, we take it to signify the city of God, happiness hereafter; yet are we contented, while we remain on earth in this temporal state, to live

Voltaire, Hist. Gen. tom. I.

ons.

in America; to share the blessings of liberty; to partake of and to add to her political happiness, her power, and her glory; to educate our children liberally; to make them useful, and enlightened, and honest citizens; to look upon our countrymen as brethren of the same happy family, worshiping the same God of the universe, though, perhaps, differing in forms and opini We are contented and happy thus to act, and we hope and trust we act rightly and virtuously, until the annunciation of the Messiah shall reunite us into one nation, offering with all mankind, in the name of the universal Father, our common sacrifice on one common altar. Whether that annunciation be made this hour, or thousands of ages hence, let us, in the name of that Being who out of the depths heard the voice of his people and brought them into salvation; that Being who created all men for happiness, and light, and truth; let us, in his name, live in friendship with each other, and in charity with all mankind. In the words of him, whose powers of harmony could exorcise the evil spirit from men's bosoms, Behold, how good and how pleasant it is for brethren to dwell together in unity! It is like the dew of Hermon, and the dew that descended upon the mountains of Zion; for there the LORD commanded the blessing, even life for evermore."

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We have been led to occupy so many pages with this subject, because we feel it to be beyond measure interesting. Many are the cheering "signs of the Times," and the religious reformation of the Jewish people is not the Will this reformation lead them to the true Messiah? We cannot doubt it. Happy is it for them that Christianity is set before them in the United States in a form which must sooner or later excite their attention, soften their prejudices and enforce conviction. Unitarianism is the only form of Christianity which we can even imagine an intelligent and conscientious Jew to embrace.

Much as the Christian world despises this people, and with too much reason, it is the oldest nation in existence. The boasted antiquity of European noble and royal famiIlies sinks into insignificance before the pedigree of the children of Abraham. These singular human beings would naturally constitute the first aristocracy of the world, if their prophetic destination did not point them out as something better, and claim for them the privilege of uniting with every other people in an equal fellowship of truth and virtue..

America is the only soil that has never been polluted by persecution of the unhappy Israelite. The United States first acknowledged him a member of the great family, and

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