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THE MAKING OF THE PEOPLE AND ITS SPEECH (Successive Occupants of England)

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Norman

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RECOMMENDED READING

(Books starred (*) are especially desirable.)

For additional reading concerning the periods treated, students should consult the general works listed on pages xi-xiv. (In consulting the longer works, use the index and table of contents of each book as a guide.)

For specific works of literature written in each period, see the LIST OF AUTHORS AND THEIR WORKS, pages 121-125.

ENGLAND BEFORE THE CONQUEST

HISTORY. (Roman Britain.)

Few will need more than they will find in Green, Gardiner and Traill. For those wishing more, the following are recommended. Story of Early Britain.

* Church.

(Saxon.)

Allen. Anglo-Saxon England. *Ditchfield. The English Village.

Kemble. The Saxons in England.

Turner. History of the Anglo-Saxons.

(Juvenile.)

(The student should try to get from these, not mere dates and lists of facts, but a general sense of the life and character, the aims and ideals and traditions, of the Saxon people.)

LITERATURE. See general works (page xii); also

Baldwin. An Introduction to English Medieval Literature. (Extracts.)

Brooke. History of Early English Literature. (Very full, good extracts.)

Lewis. Beginnings of English Literature.

* Marks. Early English Hero-Tales.

Additional specimens of Saxon Literature will be found in the

following:

Sweet. Anglo-Saxon Reader. (Original Saxon only.)

* Cook and Tinker.

Selected Translations from Old English Prose.

*Cook and Tinker. Selected Translations from Old English Verse.

* Marks.

Early English Hero-Tales.

(Retold.)

(Sagas, Scandinavian Literature.)

* Anderson and Bjornson. Viking Tales of the North. Church. Heroes of Chivalry and Romance.

Dasent. Burnt Njal Saga.

students.)

(Translation, suitable for older

*Du Chaillu. The Viking Age. (Valuable for reference, and good

to "browse" in.)

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The Northmen in Britain. (Saga tales vividly re-
Illustrated.)

Norse Stories.

Morris and Magnusson.

lation of Grettis Saga.)

Grettir the Strong. (Literal trans

* Baring-Gould. Grettir the Outlaw.

(The same, retold.)

Morris. Volsunga Saga. (Translation from Edda.)

Morris.

Sigurd the Volsung. (Original poem, based upon

the foregoing.)

(Celtic Literature.)

Antin. Hero-Tales of Ireland.

De Vere.

Gregory.

* Hull, E.

The Children of Lir.

Cuchulain of Muirthemne.

Cuchulain, the Hound of Ulster. (The same as the

above in a different translation.)

* Hull, E. The Mabinogion. (Old Welsh Tales. In Temple Series and in Everyman's Library.)

Joyce. Old Celtic Romances.

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Morley. English Writers. (Advanced, for reference only.)

Rolleson. High Deeds of Finn.

(See also Celtic tales and plays by Yeats (Recommended Reading, Book IV), also tales by Seumas Macmanus.)

CONQUEST TO CHAUCER

HISTORY.

(For history of the language, see page 117.)

Archer and Kingford. The Story of the Crusades.

Barnard. Companion to English History. (Long, very full.)

* Cox, G. W. The Crusades.

Jewett. Story of the Normans.

*Wishart. Monks and Monasteries.

Wright. History of Domestic Manners during the Middle Ages.

LITERATURE.

All general works listed on page xii; also

Curteen. Arthurian Epic.

Maynadier. Arthur in the English Poets. (Historical.)

Lewis. The Beginnings of English Literature.

Trevelyan. The Land of Arthur.

Metrical Romances. English and French. Middle English

Poems.

* See general collections; also

Song of Roland. (Translations from the French by O'Hagan, Butler, and others.)

Ellis. Specimens of Early English Metrical Romances.

Morris and Skeat. Specimens of Early English. (Original.) Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. (Modernized.)

* Weston.

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(William Morris in his Earthly Paradise retells in modern English verse a number of medieval tales, in a thoroughly medieval spirit. See also his Man Born to be King.)

Medieval Story in General.

Lawrence, W. W. The Medieval Story.

its significance.)

CHANGES IN THE LANGUAGE.

Bradley. The Making of English.

(With reflections upon

Emerson. Brief History of the English Language.
Lounsbury. History of the English Language.
Marsh. Lectures upon the English Language.

* Trench. English Past and Present.

Welsh. Development of English Literature and Language.

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