nearly 2000 years ago, crossed the river in the same manner when leading his army against the Sicambri. On the right we pass the town of Neuwied, in which is a palace belonging to the King of Prussia, which contains numerous relics dug up near the town, and supposed to belong to the inhabitants of the colony of Victoria, destroyed in the 4th century. On the left we pass the handsome village of Andernach, an ancient Roman town, finely fortified. There is a picturesque watch-tower close by the river. On the right we see the Castle of Hammerstein, built in the 10th century, and destroyed by the Bishop of Cologne in the 17th. On the left we pass the village of Brohl: it is celebrated for its tufa-stone, of volcanic origin, which, when ground up into powder, possesses the peculiar property of hardening under water, often being made into cement. The stone was used by the Romans for coffins, as it contained the property of absorbing the moisture of the body. This gave them the name of sarcophagi, or "flesh-consumers," applied now to all stone coffins. The cement is used largely in the construction of the dikes of Holland. On the same side we pass the Castle of Rheineck, to which is attached an elegant modern residence. On the right, near the water, is the town of Linz, strongly fortified. The archbishops of Cologne built the tower we still see there for the purpose of defending the town against the natives of Andernach, and to collect the toll from the navigators of the Rhine. A little below, on the same side, we pass the blackened walls of the castle of Ockenfels. vent where his bride had hidden herself from the world. Nearly opposite Rolandseck are the celebrated "Seven Mountains," grouped together, all of which are over 1000 feet high. The chief of the group is the renowned Drachenfels, so called from its cave, in which the dragon was killed by the horned Siegfried. Its summit is crowned by an old castle, once the fortress and watch-tow er of the robbers of the Rhine. Here they could espy the vessels they intended to plunder, and defend themselves against one hundred times their number when attacked. On one of the other summits was another castle, belonging to the Archbishop of Cologne. Again we have recourse to Byron, who gives a glowing description of this, the most enchanting portion of the lovely Rhine: "The castled crag of Drachenfels Frowns o'er the wide and winding Rhine, Whose far white walls along them shine, Above, the frequent feudal towers Look o'er this vale of vintage-bowers; The charm of this enchanted ground. Some fresher beauty varying round: To Nature and to me so dear, Bonn contains 20,000 inhabitants. Principal hotels are Golden Star, one of the fin As far as lovely scenery is concerned, this portion of the Rhine is considered the finest. On a small island in the river is the building once used by the nuns of St. Ursula. When these establishments were broken up by the French, this one was pre-est houses in Germany, and Grand Hôtel served through the intercession of Jose- Royal, beautifully situated on the banks of phine. It is now used as a nunnery for the Rhine, with fine English garden. This sisters of charity. The bride of Roland, town is noted for its splendid University, nephew of Charlemagne, took the veil here which occupies the immense palace foron hearing a false report of her husband's merly owned by the Electors of Cologne, death, and on the left bank of the Rhine who resided here up to the middle of the stands the castle of Rolandseck, built, it is thirteenth century. The building is nearsaid, by Roland, that he might see the con-ly a quarter of a mile long, and has a The well-known liquid which bears the name of the city (eau de Cologne) is an important production of the place, and is exported in very large quantities. John Maria Farina, opposite Julichs-place, manufact spacious library of ove. 100,000 volumes. The University was established here by the King of Prussia in 1818, and owes its celebrity to the splendid discipline maintained among the students. Prince Albert was formerly a student here. The Uni-ures the genuine Cologne, to which was versity contains a museum of Rhenish antiquities. The academical hall is ornamented with singular fresco portraits, in which the four faculties of philosophy, jurisprudence, medicine, and theology are portrayed in the faces of the most celebrated teachers of the respective sciences. The Minster, said to have been founded by the Empress Helena, is surmounted by five towers. It contains a few monuments, and a bronze statue of the empress. The beauty of Bonn consists in its lovely environs and long avenues of shade-trees. One of the finest excursions in the neighborhood is to the church on the summit of Kreutsberg, behind Popelsdorf. The church contains a copy of the Scala Santa, or Holy Stairs at Rome, which led to Pilate's judgment-seat, and bears the stains of the blood which fell from the Savior's head when wounded by the crown of thorns. Pilgrims go up and down the stairs upon their bended knees. In the vault below are the bodies of the monks who lived in the convent which formerly stood on the site of the church. They lie in twenty-five coffins, in an undecayed state, exposed to the gaze of the curious. Their shriveled skin and horrid appearance, while it fills the superstitious with holy awe, turns the intelligent traveler away in disgust. awarded the prize-medals of the London exhibitions of 1851 and 1862, an honorable mention in Paris, 1855, and prize-medals in Paris, 1867, and Vienna, 1873; established in 1709. Travelers will obtain a worthless article unless they buy direct from the above dealer. The principal hotels of Cologne are Hotel Disch, a first-class and admirably managed house; Hotel du Nord, a large first-class house near the station, finely conducted; and the Bellevue, at Deutz, immediately opposite Cologne, a finely-conducted house, and fine position. Cologne is a place of great antiquity, and was of considerable importance during the Roman period. A Roman colony was planted in it by Agrippina, daughter of the Emperor Germanicus, who was born here, and from its privileges as a Roman colony (Colonia Agrippina) the modern name of the city is derived. During the Middle Ages, and for a lengthened period of time, it was one of the most populous and important cities in Europe. It was also one of the chief cities of the Hanseatic league. The chief glory of Cologne is its magnificent Cathedral, or Minster of St. Peter, which is one of the most magnificent specimens of Gothic architecture in the world. Although commenced in the year 1248, it is still unfinished. Its length is about 500 feet, which is to be the height of its two towers when finished; its length 230, and height of choir 161. The work is now pro Cologne is situated on the left side of the river, and contains, with its suburb Deutz, by which it is connected by a bridge of boats, 129,251 inhabitants. It is the capi-gressing rapidly; nearly $2,000,000 have tal of the province, and is the third city of importance in the Prussian kingdom. It is built in the form of a crescent close by the water, and is strongly fortified, the walls forming a circuit of nearly seven miles. great change has taken place, and it daily improving. is been expended on it by the Kings of Prussia during the last 40 years. There is also a society established, with branches all over Europe, for the purpose of soliciting subscriptions for its completion. It is estimated that it will require about $5,000,000 for that purpose. Behind the high altar is the chapel of the Magi, or the three kings of Cologne. The custodian will tell you that the silver case contains the bones of the three wise men who came from the East to Bethlehem to present their presents to the infant Christ, and that the case, which is ornamented with precious stones, |