intellect has been exhausted by distracting mercantile pursuits, or by conflicts at the bar, or by stern application in the pursuits of science; if the passions have been lashed into excitement amidst the storms of political strife; if the affections of the heart have been jarred and dislocated in the jostlings and conflicts of the world; if the memory has been taxed by severe mental effort; the Sabbath is designed to furnish for each and all these, a season for repose.

7. The other aspect, in which the Sabbath meets man, is that of a day to be devoted to other than worldly pursuits. We have other interests than those which are connected with mere labor, whether of body or mind. We sustain other relations than those which pertain to "business," to gold, to honor, to pleasure. We have not only a body, but a soul; not only an intellect, but a heart; not only an imagination, but a conscience. We are not merely working animals, but are intelligent and accountable moral agents; we live not only here, but we are to live hereafter; we are not only plowmen, machinists, merchants, lawyers, physicians, ministers of religion, professors, and teachers, but we are sons, brothers, husbands, fathers; we are not only men with understandings, but men with sympathies and affections, in a world, too, where there is the amplest room for the play of all our faculties.

8. Our Maker has formed no susceptibility of the soul which he has not designed should be developed, and for whose development, in just proportions, he has not made ample arrangements. The bodily powers, the muscles, the organs of sense, the whole frame, the intellect, the memory, the imagination, the social affections, the sympathetic powers, he designs should be fully developed. He would not have the one stinted, that the other may expand to a monstrous growth; he would not have us mere intellectual beings, cultivating the mind for purposes of cunning and self-glory.

9. There is not a faculty of our nature, pertaining to body or mind; demonstrative or imaginative; individual or social; binding us to home and kindred, or to the world at large; uniting us to this world or to the next- or to distant worlds,

which it is not designed that we should cultivate if we would secure the perfection of our being.

EXERCISE V.

INDUSTRY NECESSARY TO GENIUS.

Argumentative.

-KNOX.

1. From the revival of learning to the present day, every thing that labor and ingenuity can invent, has been produced to facilitate the acquisition of knowledge. But, notwithstanding all the Introductions, the Translations, the Annotations, and the Interpretations, I must assure the student that industry,— great and persevering industry,-is absolutely necessary to secure any very valuable and distinguished improvement. Superficial qualifications are, indeed, obtained at an easy price of time and labor; but superficial qualifications confer neither honor, emolument, nor satisfaction.

2. The pupil may be introduced, by the judgment and the liberality of his parents, to the best schools, the best tutors, the best books; and his parents may be led to expect, from such advantages alone, extraordinary advancement. But these things are all extraneous. The mind of the pupil must be accustomed to submit to labor; sometimes to painful labor.

3. The poor and solitary student, who has never enjoyed any of these advantages, but in the ordinary manner, will, by his own application, emerge to merit, fame, and fortune; while the indolent, who has been taught to lean on the supports which opulence supplies, will sink into insignificance.

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4. I repeat, that the first great object is, to induce the mind to work within itself; to think long and patiently on the same subject; and to compose in various styles, and in various meters. It must be led, not only to bear, but to seek occasional solitude. If it is early habituated to all these exercises, it will find its chief pleasure in them; for the energies of the mind affect it with the finest feelings.

5. But is industry, such industry as I require, necessary to genius? The idea that it is not necessary, is productive of the greatest evils. We often form a wrong judgment in determining who is, and who is not, endowed with this noble privilege. A boy who appears lively and talkative, is often supposed by his parents to be a genius. He is suffered to be idle, for he is a genius; and genius is only injured by application.

6. Now it usually happens, that the very lively and talkative boy is the most deficient in genius. His forwardness arises from a defect in those' fine sensibilities, which, at the same time, occasion diffidence, and constitute genius. He ought to be inured to literary labor; for, without it, he will be prevented by levity and stupidity, from receiving any valuable impressions.

7. Parents and instructors must be very cautious how they dispense with diligence, from an idea that the pupil possesses genius sufficient to compensate for the want of it. All men are liable to mistake in deciding on genius at a very early age; but parents, more than all, from their natural partiality. On no account, therefore, let them dispense with close application. If the pupil has genius, this will improve and adorn it; if he has not, it is confessedly requisite to supply the defect.

8. What is genius worth without knowledge! But is a man ever born with knowledge? It is true that one man is born with a better capacity than another for the reception and retention of ideas; but still the mind must operate in collecting, arranging, and discriminating those ideas which it receives.

9. I most anxiously wish, that due attention may be paid to my exhortations in recommending great and exemplary diligence. All that is excellent in learning depends on it; and without it, no sound literary attainments can be reached.

EXERCISE VI.

RULE 3. Language of declamation, as public speeches, orations, and the like, should be read with a distinct and forcible utterance, the pitch and movement varying according to the intensity of the emotions. The falling inflection usually prevails.

THE DIGNITY OF HUMAN NATURE. ANON.

Extract from an Oration.

1. Guided by reason, man has traveled through the abstruse regions of the philosophic world. He has originated rules by which he can direct the ship through the path less ocean, and measure the comet's flight over the fields of unlimited space. He has established society and government. He can aggregate the profusions of every climate, and every season. He can meliorate the severity, and remedy the imperfections of nature herself.

2. By imagination, man seems to verge toward creative power. Aided by this, he can perform all the wonders of sculpture and painting. He can almost make the marble speak. He can almost make the brook murmur down the painted landscape. Often, on the pinions of imagination, he soars aloft where the eye has never traveled; where other stars glitter on the mantle of night, and a more effulgent sun lights up the blushes of morning. Flying from world to world, ho

gazes on all the glories of creation; or, lighting on the distant margin of the universe, darts the eye of fancy over the mighty void, where power creative never yet has energized; where exist ence still sleeps in the wide abyss of possibility.

3. By imagination, he can travel back to the source of time; converse with the successive generations of men, and kindle into emulation while he surveys the monumental trophies of ancient art and glory. He can sail down the stream of time, until he loses "sight of stars and sun, by wandering into those retired parts of eternity, where the heavens and the earth shall be no more."

4. To these unequivocal characteristics of greatness in man,let us adduce the testimony of nature herself. Surrounding creation subserves the wants, and proclaims the dignity of man. For him, day and night visit the world. For him, the seasons walk their splendid round. For him, the earth teems with riches, and the heavens smile with beneficence.

5. All creation is accurately adjusted to his capacity for bliss. He tastes the dainties of festivity, breathes the perfumes of morning, revels on the charms of melody, and regales his eye with all the painted beauties of vision. Whatever can please, whatever can charm, whatever can expand the soul with ecstasy of bliss, allures and solicits his attention. All things beautiful, all things grand, all things sublime, appear in native loveliness, and proffer man the richest pleasures of fruition.

PITT'S SPEECH.

An Argumentative Appeal.

1. I CANNOT, my lords, I WILL NOT join in congratulation on misfortune and disgrace. This, my lords, is a perilous and tremendous moment; it is not a time for adulation; the

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