a very great advantage to the fervice, if fick foldiers could always be taken care of by the respective surgeons of the regiment. I have endeavoured to fhew, that the plan is practicable and eafy; and I may further add, that the expence neceffary for fuch an arrangement, would not amount to one third of what is ufually spent in general hofpital establishments. If this idea were adopted, nothing more would be required, than that proper lodgings, proper provifions, and a fufficient fupply of medicines, were furnished for the fick; that the furgeon of the regiment be well qualified for his ftation; and that an inspector be appointed for a certain portion of troops, to take care that the duty be well and diligently executed. By this means a general hofpital, as far as regards medical treatment, might be abolished, or at least greatly abridged. Where fighting was expected, extra-furgical affiftance would ftill be neceffary. Such an inspection of regimental hospitals, as that I have mentioned, feems to be perfectly fufficient for the care of the health of an army, in ordinary occafions. The greatest precautions, however, ought to be taken, that the inspection does not degenerate into a nominal duty. The infpector ought to vifit the different quarters, examine minutely into every

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article of the management of the hospitals, and order that general reports be published annually; and that fome mark of approbation be bestowed upon those furgeons, who appear to have executed their duty with the greatest diligence and ability. It ought to be a concern of government, however, that no perfon be appointed to infpect regimental hofpitals, who is not well acquainted with the diseases of the climate, in which the troops happen to serve.

(1) WE learn from the writings of Hippocrates, that their author was not only well acquainted with the islands of the Archipelago, but that he had likewife fpent a confiderable part of his time in Thrace, Theffaly, and the adjoining countries. There is reafon to believe, likewife, that he had perfonally vifited the barbarous nations, who, at that time, lived on the borders of the Euxine fea; and if we can give credit to Abulpharage, an Arabian writer, who has preferved many curious anecdotes of the great men of former ages, we must believe Hippocrates to have been for a long time refi

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dent in the interior parts of Syria. The words are remarkable:

هذا كان يسكن مدينة حمص و يتردد الي مدينة دمشق و ياوي الي بستان كان له فيها و مكانه معروف للي يومنا يسمي النيرب هذا في واد هناك

He dwelt in the city of Hems or Emeffa, and paying frequent vifits to the city of Damafcus, refided in a garden at that place, in the valley Alnirab, where his abode is known at the present time: viz, about the middle of the thirteenth century.

(2) Galen after mentioning the travels of Hippocrates, fays, in our nping Tin TEL TO El Royou διδαχθεντα, χρη παντως αυτόν πόλεως γενέσθαι αυτ τοπτην της προς μεσημβρίαν τετραμμένης, και της προς αρκτον, και της προς ήλιον ανίσχοντα και της δυσμας. ιδειν δε και την εν κοιλῳ κειμένην και την εφ' ύψηλα, και την επ' ακταις ὕδασι Xpp.Evny, και την πηγαιοις, και την ομβριος, και την εκ λιμνών και ποταμών, &c. Tom. I. p. 9. edit. Bafil.

(3) Sylvius de le Boe, Lancifi, and particularly Sir John Pringle, are the authors who principally infift on the noxious qualities of exhalations from water, which has an admixture of falt in it.

CHAP

CHA P. II.

(1) The word TUTTOS does not appear to be of great antiquity. It is not found in the writings of Hippocrates, nor even of Celfus. We are uncertain as to the exact time when it first made its appearance; though it is probable it was not long before the reign of Antoninus that it came into general ufe. Пeprodos is the Περιοδος term commonly employed by the ancients, to exprefs the revolutions of the difeafe. We are obliged to Galen for the definition of that term, as alfo for the definition of TUTOS. TUTOS Τύπος εςι ταξις επι τασεως, και ανέσεως, περίοδος δε εστι χρονος επι τασεως και ανέσεως εν νοσημασι γενομένοις. -Περι τυπων. Tom. III. p. 470.

(2) The following is the defcription of the Semitertian of Hoffman.-Accedit hæc plerumque ante meridiem, cum frigore et horrore gravi, pulfuque contracto. Succedit poftea cum pulfuum frequentia calor aliquot horarum, fudore erumpente tepefcens, non tamen penitus intermittens. Intenditur potius, post refrigerationem lenem, circa noctem æftus, cum pulfuum celeritate, et poftero die lenior perftitit, fine fiti, donec vefperi, præcedente leviori horripilatione, denuo ingravefcit. Tertio autem. die horror iterum impetit, cum intenfione caloris, eademque, ac primo die, ratione decurrit. Tom. II. c. v.

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(3) O