ficient when the principal veffel has a pad placed upon it, without which, indeed, it is not ealy to conceive that the flow of blood can be ftopped when it is neceflary to apply the tourniquet as high as poffible at the fhoulder, upon the thigh, or at the ham.

Experience points out the propriety of placing the fcrew part of the brais tourniquet, or the leather of the prefeat field tourniquet, on that part of the limb oppofite to the pad. Let thofe who difagree with me upon either of thefe points try both modes fairly, and a change of opinion must be the confequence. As to the application of the field tourniquet, which your correfpondent wishes to be inftructed in, I would premife that it is difficult to give fuch directions as can be undertood without the inftrument itfelf. If he be in poffeffion of one, after what has been already faid, he will find it fufficient to be told, that the flick muft be introduced between the ftrap and the leather, and turned round, fo as to twift the former, till the proper effect is produced. It will be neceffary to put one end of the ftrap through the hole in the receding end of the flick, and fasten it, either round the limb, or by tying both ends together, to prevent the unwitting of the whole. I cannot conclude this letter without remarking, that a new difcafe has arifen out of the prefent circumftances of our country, which may hereafter be known by the name of the Tourniquet Mania. It does not feem to be confined to any particular diftrict, but to be tolerably prevalent both in town and country, Such, however, is the courage and zeal of our Volunteers, that its effects, aggravated as they have been by copious and alarming fhowers of Medical Precautions, are far from proving fatal, though the torrents of blood shed, in furgical imaginations, are fuch as might appal the Devil." Fortunately for our brave defenders, experienced officers and furgeons tell us, that gunShot wounds fcarcely ever bleed, and that heaps of unfoiled tourniquets will be handed down to pokerity as marks at once of our loyalty and our pru

dence.

of the rudder, and the many accidents that occurred during the late war, fhould, I think, tempt the Government of this country to hold out fome reward to the difcoverer of the most ready and fimple means of relieving a fhip under thefe diftreffing circumfiances.

The late ingenious Captain Pakenham provided a fubftitute for a rudder, which, I am told, anfwered the purpofe that great officer and celebrated mechanic expected, but though this is excellently well adapted for a thip on a voyage, where time and fea-room are both at command, it can by no means be brought into immediate practice (where it will be moft generally wanted, and where accidents of this nature moft frequently occur), viz. in our own narrow feas.

The British Tar has now arrived to that degree of profeffional and scientific perfection, that fcarce an accident can occur, but the ready and inventive genius of our country's best defenders furmounts? Indeed, none, however great or alarming, but this fingle one; and this, alas! unlefs fome friend is near, throws the naval hero at the mercy of the waves; or, what is till more diftrefling to his feelings, on the mercy of his enemies.

The rudder is one of the most neceffary parts of a fhip, and, confequently one of the firongeft and beft fecured but a flip ftriking upon a reef, or fandbank, though for ever fo fhort a time (if not a calm), almost invariably deftroys the pintles, or gudgeons, which connect it to the fern-poft, and confequently the rudder, if not loft, becomes entirely ufelefs, and a fubftitute, à la Pakenhain, is the only refource; which, ere it can be completed, a ship may, in moderate weather, if leaky t (the naturally fuppofed condition of a fhip after having been upon a reef or fand-bank), fiuk; or, if blowing, may be drifted † on fhore before her fubftis tute is completed; while perhaps her own rudder is lafhed to her fide, or fecured upon deck, from the hope of

*Had the gallant Captain Brenton fucceeded in getting the frigate be commanded (La Minerve) off the reef, it is moft probable his active and fertile mind might have hit upon fome feherne to have brought her into harbour, even with the lofs of her rudder.

The critical Gtuation of the fhip I have alinded to.

its being still useful, could fhe only gain a port or harbour.

Now, what I fhould wish to recommend, through the medium of your Magazine, is, that Government, or, if the State is too burthened already, fome of the numerous patriotic inftitutions which this country boafts, fhould hold out a prize, or honorary reward, to thofe who produce the belt, or, at Feast, the moli effectual method (and in the shortest pace of time) for applying the former rudder to its original purpofe; or the moft fimple fubfiitute, by which a fhip may fteer through the intricacies of a narrow channel, or keep the fea, as the circumstances of the moment may render moft necef fary.

I

Yours, &c.

Mr. URBAN,

TYPHYS.

Norwich, Jan. 12. WAS lately at Framlingham, a market town in Suffolk, and have taken the liberty of fending you the following account of its church and

monuments.

Framlingham church is a spacious ftructure, dedicated to St. Michael (fuppofed to have heen built by the Mowbrays earls of Norfolk), having a fquare tower at the Weft end, faid to be 100 feet in height. The interior is well paved and pewed, and contains a good organ.

At the Eaftern end of the North aile are feveral handfome monuments to the Norfolk family, in a good ftate of repair. Thomas Howard, the third Duke of Norfolk, has one with this infeription in his collar of S. S. " Gratia Dei fum quod funt." He died in

1554.

There is another for Henry Fitzroy, Duke of Richmond and Somerfet (natural fon of Henry VIII.) married to Lady Mary, daughter of Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk. Died in 1536.

There is a third for Heary Howard, Earl of Surrey, and Frances his wife (a daughter of John De Vere, Earl of Oxford), who was beheaded, January 19, 1546.

Sir Robert Kuchin. Knt. Attorney General in the reign of King Charles I. died August 15, 1636, aged 64 years; and lies buried on the South fide of the altar, under a handfome tomb, on which is inferibed the following epitaplz:

Immediately over the door, on entering the church at the South-eaft, is a neat mural monument, by the celebrated Roubiliac, to the memory of Mrs. Jane Kerridge, of Shelley Hall, who died 5th September, 1744.

Framlingham is a Rectory, valued in the King's books at 431. 6s. 8d. It is confolidated with Saxtead; both being in the gift of the Mafier and Fellows of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge. The Reverend William Wyatt is the prefent incumbent.

There are very confiderable remains of a castle ftanding at Framlingham, built, it is fuppofed, by fome of the kings of the Eaft Angles, but now, alas! ufed as a workhoufe for the of the town.

Yours, &c.

1007

D.

Mr. URBAN,

J. RICHARDS.

Jan. 21. GAVE you, in 1800, a drawing of the very antient church of Berriew, Montgomeryfhire (vol. LXX, p. 609.) which has been taken down and a new church built, 1 fhould be much obliged, if your very ingenious correfpondent, Mr. D. Parkes, would fa your you with a drawing of the new church for an engraving. I alfo repeat a requeft, long ago made, for a drawing to be fent you of the antient and beautiful monument of Sir Lodovick Dyer, in Colinworth church, Bed fordshire.

*** The Drawings this Gentleman offers thall be ufed in the way he mentions.

Mr. URBAN,

THE

tion, which confiitutes my divifion of the undertaking, contains two books and one-third. Let Mr. Halliwell fpcak likewife concerning the rate of his march. In the fame letter he fays: A Latifè version of the epitome would, as you obferve, make the text mote uniform. But all thoughts of that mutl be given

"I informed Mr. Halliwell, of Brázen Note College, Oxford, of my in tention to acquaint the publick with the fiate of the work, in the following

letter:

Sir, I beg leave to acquaint you with my refolution to lay before the publick the statement of your progrefs in preparing the Strabo for the prefs, and the cause of the delay, that has occurred during the laft year, I am, Sir, your obedient fervant, Bath, Dec. 10, 1803. T. FALCONER.' I received the following anfwer:

• Sir, I have been this morning honoured with your letter, dated Dec. 10. I have only to remark, that then will be the proper time to ftate to the publick the progrefs that has been made in preparing the Strabo for the prefs, when you can convince the publick of the eafinefs of the talk. Second thoughts, I apprehend, will induce you to defer for a time your announced refolution. Confidering the zeal you poffefs, and the intereft you have in a work which is to immortalize fo near a

relative, I cannot but think it an immenfe lofs to the Literati of Europe, that the work was not originally placed in your hands. From the fpecimen I have before me of the attention with which you perufe a theet with a view to detect the blonders of a compofitor, there is no doubt of your proceeding in the work with a rapidity hitherto unknown and usthought of. In order to be relieved from any further importunity, I intend to tranfmit per poft, in

a

few days, or by fome other conveyance, the sheets of Strabo in my poffeffion. With ing you every fuccefs in your undertaking, I am, Sir, your most obedient, humble fervant, H. HALLIWELL.

and God knows we advance flowy enough. One sheet per week is as much as we can get through. The computa tion is ealy, if any one is difpofed to make it, at what time Mr. Halliwell might have finished the work upon his own eftimate; and the refult is, that he might have completed it very nearly four times over in the period which he has actually employed in thing a little more than three-fourths of theten books. The fheets which he favs have been fo inaccurately examined, I did not pretend to prepare for the printer'; and I informed the Board of Delegates, that I could not prepare it for want of proper materials. I applied for the materials to Mr. Halliweli; and he replied, in a note, that his engagements this morning will not allow of a fingle moment's leifure to fearch among his papers for the page wanted by Mr. Falconer.'

In November, 1802, I had the honour of being appointed to fucceed Mr. Halliwell in the care of this publication. At that time he had tour printed fheets, which were to be revifed; and I received a fucceffion of promifes, throughout one whole year, that they fhould be revifed; but nothing was done during that period. He then confented to give up two of them, which I received; but without the means of preparing them for the printer. I therefore returned them.

"Mr. Halliwell's perturbation of mind arifes, I imagine, from one amongst other caufes, that would affect him, and not flightly. I copied out the various readings extending through one hundred and fifty pages in about five weeks, and I omitted not more than fix or feven in more than three thoufand. Mr. Halliwell was engaged during July, Augut, September, and Octobur laft, in any thing elfe than what, according to his promife, fhonid have occupied his time. Mr. Halliwell was prepared to repeat his promifes in No vember laft; but my patience and my faith cau hold out no longer, and I appeal to the publick. I am, Sir, your obedient fervant, T. FALCONER. Bath, Dec. 14, 1803."

1. Remarks

3. Remarks up:n North Wales; being the Refult of Sixteen Tours through that Part of the Principality. By W. Hutton, F.AS.S. Birmingham. Embellished with a Fromtilpiece View of Beddkelert, and Three Etchings of fame of the principal Moun tainous Views.

Ο

UR lively friend, having gratified us with his obfervations on England and Scotland, proceeds to the principality of Wales; his "remarks" on which he could not have inferibed to a more proper perfon than to Lord Penrhyn, who has caufed riches of the most valuable kind to rife from the earth, called dead land into life, refcued the meadow from drowning, taught growth to the fteril foil, reduced the rocks, and fertilized the hills. Thus by his aid man is fupported, and by his example, which is the greatest of all charity, he is taught to fupport

himself."

"In former ages the English rarely entered Wales but to destroy it: her fovereign mountains, beautiful rallies, and furprizing cafcades, were tinged with blood. Nor was the eye of the carious fascinated with her wonders till within the last fifty years. The improvement of her roads, and particularly the daily communications between England and Ireland, brought her into notice. The English traveller at length ventured to climb her precipices, defcend her glens, and admire her curiofities; and now the vaft influx of annual vifitants enrich her with their wealth. If the fathers oppreffed her, the children fupport her. Though the world is frequently favoured with Welsh Tours, yet the hiftorical knowledge is but in its infancy. If much is faid, much remains. I follow the footfleps of no author, but make thofe remarks only which fell under my own eye in travelling fixteen times in various directions through that principality.” (Pref.)

The recovery of the health of her I loved was the caufe of my firft vifiting Wales. I hoped benefit would arife from exercife of fome length, amofement, and fea air. We, therefore, with my daughter, fixed upon Aberistwith, and fet out in a rainy feafon about the 25th of July, 1787." (p. 1.)

"A Welih tour is furprisingly grand. Nature is feen in extrepie. The lofty, rough, and barren mountains, oppofed to the beautiful and fertile valleys, is s GENT. MAG. January, 1804.

charming contraft. There appears no difference between the gentry of Wales and thofe of England, except that the former may have a little more pride and a little more poverty, and the lower clafs a little lefs knowledge, lefs poverty, and more hofpitality." (p. 11.)

Our friend's adventure with the tay lor going to vifit a fon at Llanvaír, yet always keeping in his hand a large open clafp knife, marks at least the unfufpecting ingenuoufnefs of Mr. H's mind; but what name the taylor's conduct deferves, we are at no lofs to determine. "I have only fiated facts, that another may judge, but to this moment I am at a lofs to guefs whether my fufpicions were jufl," fays ho p. 15.

Mr. H. brings Dinas Monddy to our recollection after near 35 years interval; and agreeably fupplies the cottage filled with thirteen human beings, all in petticoats, though two or three of thechildren were males, three generations. (p. 22.)

"The obferver would be tempted to conclude this healthy, peaceable, reclufe, and half-naked family were without care, only he knows that none are exempt. I left this race of beauties with a fmile upon cach face, that fmile which conftitutes the major part of female charms, and which every woman fhould carry with her." (p. 24.)

"The Welth language, which was undoubtedly that of our forefathers, and the pride of Cambria, is in its wane." (p. 32.)

The poetical ftory of the living of Eglwys Wrw is a good one, and reflects honour on the then Chancellor Thurlow.

In 1797 our traveller visited the parts of North Wales adjoining to Shrop fhire, where he found the camp of Caractacus on the fummit of the Wreken. At the age of 74, he climbed the earthen ramparts of Heu Dinai, or Old Ofiveftry, each thirty or forty feet high, up to the chin in bushes. The feull of Ofwald was found in digging the pool juf below his well, about 1780. Mr. H. calls Owen Glendwr "the greatest genera! Wales ever produced, the fcourge of the Englith, a torment ing thorn to Henry IV. and the rain of his country. It muft, however, be confelled, that Owen was an injured perfon, that he could not procure any redress for his wrongs but by the

fword;