EXECUTIVE SESSION

On motion by Mr. MANSFIELD, The Senate proceeded to the consideration of executive business; and after the consideration of executive business, LEGISLATIVE SESSION

The Senate resumed its legislative session.

ORDER FOR RECESS

On motion by Mr. MANSFIELD, and by unanimous consent,

Ordered, That when the Senate concludes its business today it take a recess until 11 o'clock a.m. tomorrow.

TRANSACTION OF ROUTINE BUSINESS

On motion by Mr. MANSFIELD, and by unanimous consent,

The following routine business was transacted:

REPORT ON DISASTER RELIEF The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate the following message from the President of the United States, which, with the accompanying papers, was referred to the Committee on Public Works:

To the Congress of the United States:

I have the honor to send to the Congress a report of activity under authority of Public Law 875, 81st Congress, as amended, and required by section 8 of such law.

Funds which have been appropriated to accomplish the Federal assistance determined eligible under this authority are specifically appropriated to the President for purposes of disaster relief.

LYNDON B. JOHNSON. THE WHITE HOUSE, March 18, 1964. AMMUNITION FOR TEST-FIRING M-14 RIFLES The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a communication from the Comptroller General of the United States, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report on unnecessary costs incurred in furnishing ammunition for test-firing M-14 rifles; which, with the accompanying report, was referred to the Committee on Government Operations.

REPORT ON EXCESSIVE COSTS OF SUPPLIES AT ATLANTIC MISSILE RANGE

The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a communication from the Comptroller General of the United States, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report on excessive costs incurred as a result of multiple management of supplies at the Atlantic Missile Range; which, with the accompanying report, was referred to the Committee on Government Operations.

PETITIONS

The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate the following petitions, etc., which were referred as indicated:

A petition of the Chamber of Commerce of Greater Philadelphia, Pa., praying the enactment of certain amendments to the Sugar Act of 1948; to the Committee on Finance.

A petition of Mrs. G. C. Brown, Ran

dolph, N.Y., praying sufficient funds to assist the Seneca Indians; to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs.

A resolution of the Council of Manville, Somerset County, N.J., favoring construction of facilities for posthospital care and treatment of drug addicts; to the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare.

The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a petition of the United Church Women of Toledo, Ohio, praying for the enactment of the civil rights bill; which was ordered to lie on the table.

REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY

Mr. EASTLAND, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the bill (H.R. 2262) for the relief of Catalina Properties, Inc., reported it with an amendment and submitted a report (No. 964) thereon.

MOTION TO RECONSIDER H.R. 5941 Mr. JOHNSTON entered a motion to reconsider the vote on the passage of the bill (H.R. 5941) for the relief of Julian A. Erskine.

INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND A JOINT
RESOLUTION

Bills and a joint resolution were introduced, severally read the first and second times by unanimous consent, and referred as follows:

By Mr. CLARK:

S. 2648. A bill to amend the Federal Reserve Act, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Banking and Currency.

By Mr. MCCLELLAN (for himself and Mr. FULBRIGHT):

S. 2649. A bill to designate as the Graham Burke Pumping Plant the pumping plant being constructed in the State of Arkansas as part of the White River backwater unit of the lower Mississippi River flood control project; to the Committee on Public Works.

By Mr. MCCLELLAN (by request): S. 2650. A bill to permit the use of statistical sampling procedures in the examination of vouchers; to the Committee on Government Operations.

By Mr. MAGNUSON:

S. 2651. A bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 to defer recognition of gain in certain liquidations; to the Committee on Finance.

By Mr. MAGNUSON (by request): S. 2652. A bill to amend section 502 of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936, relating to construction differential subsidies; to the Committee on Commerce.

By Mr. McCARTHY:

S. 2653. A bill for the relief of Claire Angelillo; to the Committee on the Judiciary.

By Mr. CASE:

S. 2654. A bill to change the name of the canal, known as the Bay HeadManasquan Canal and as the Manasquan River-Barnegat Bay Canal, to Point Pleasant Canal; to the Committee on Public Works.

By Mr. MONRONEY (for himself and Mr. EDMONDSON):

S. 2655. A bill to authorize the sale of 58.19 acres of Eastern Shawnee tribal

land in Oklahoma; to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs.

By Mr. HUMPHREY (for Mr. ENGLE and Mr. KUCHEL): S.J. Res. 162. Joint resolution extending recognition to the International Exposition for Southern California in the year 1968 and authorizing the President to issue a proclamation calling upon the several States of the Union and foreign countries to take part in the exposition; to the Committee on Foreign Relations. ADDITIONAL COAUTHOR OF S. 1261 On motion by Mr. CASE, and by unanimous consent, Ordered, That the name of Mr. HART be added as a coauthor of the bill (S. 1261) to promote public confidence in the integrity of Congress and the executive branch.

RELIEF OF A. L. DICKSON, JR.

The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate the amendment heretofore received from the House of Representatives for concurrence to the bill (S. 1445) for the relief of Archie L. Dickson, Jr.

The Senate proceeded to consider the said amendment; and

to.

On motion by Mr. EASTLAND, Resolved, That the Senate agree there

Ordered, That the Secretary notify the House of Representatives thereof. PERMANENT POOL FOR FISH AND WILDLIFE AT COCHITI RESERVOIR

The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate the amendment yesterday received from the House of Representatives for concurrence to the text of the bill (S. 614) to authorize the Secretary of the Interior to make water available for a permanent pool for fish and wildlife and recreation purposes at Cochiti Reservoir from the San JuanChama unit of the Colorado River storage project, together with the amendment to the title providing the same reads as follows: "An Act to authorize the Secretary of the Interior to make water available for a permanent pool for fish and wildlife and recreation purposes at Cochiti Reservoir from the San Juan

Chama unit of the Colorado River storage project".

The Senate proceeded to consider the said amendments; and

On motion by Mr. ANDERSON, Resolved, That the Senate agree thereto.

Ordered, That the Secretary notify the House of Representatives thereof.

EDEN VALLEY IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE
DISTRICT

The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate the amendments yesterday received from the House of Representatives for concurrence to the bill (S. 1299) to defer certain operation and maintenance charges of the Eden Valley Irrigation and Drainage District.

The Senate proceeded to consider the said amendments; and

to.

On motion by Mr. ANDERSON, Resolved, That the Senate agree there

Ordered, That the Secretary notify the House of Representatives thereof.

MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Bartlett, one of its clerks:

Mr. President: The House of Representatives has passed the following bills of the Senate, each with an amendment, in which it requests the concurrence of the Senate:

S. 1341. An act for the relief of Gabriel Kerenyi; and

S. 2084. An act for the relief of Pietrina Del Frate.

The House has passed the following bills, in which it requests the concurrence of the Senate:

H.R. 1203. An act for the relief of the estate of Johanna Gristede, deceased:

H.R. 1252. An act for the relief of Bozena Gutowska; and

H.R. 1266. An act for the relief of John Kish (alias John Mihai).

The Speaker of the House having signed four enrolled bills, viz, S. 1781, S. 1976, S. 1985, and S. 2085, I am directed to bring the same to the Senate for the signature of its President.

ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED

The Secretary reported that he had examined and found truly enrolled the following bills:

S. 1781. An act for the relief of Antonio Credenza;

S. 1976. An act for the relief of Dr. Gabriel Antero Sanchez (Hernandez);

S. 1985. An act for the relief of Giuseppe Cacciani; and

S. 2085. An act for the relief of William Maurer Trayfors.

The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore thereupon signed the same.

HOUSE BILLS REFERRED

The bills H.R. 1203, H.R. 1252, and H.R. 1266, this day received from the House of Representatives for concurrence, were severally read the first and second times by unanimous consent and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964 The Senate resumed the consideration of the motion of Mr. MANSFIELD that the Senate proceed to consider the bill (H.R. 7152) to enforce the constitutional right to vote, to confer jurisdiction upon the district courts of the United States to provide injunctive relief against discrimination in public accommodations, to authorize the Attorney General to institute suits to protect constitutional rights in public facilities and public education, to extend the Commission on Civil Rights, to prevent discrimination in federally assisted programs, to establish a Commission on Equal Employment Opportunity. and for other purposes.

Mr. HUMPHREY raised a question as to the presence of a quorum; Whereupon

ENROLLED BILLS PRESENTED

The Secretary reported that on today he presented to the President of the United States the following enrolled bills:

S. 1781. An act for the relief of Antonio Credenza;

S. 1878. An act to amend the act providing for the admission of the State of Alaska into the Union in order to extend the time for the filing of applications for the selection of certain lands by such State:

S. 1976. An act for the relief of Dr. Gabriel Antero Sanchez (Hernandez); S. 1985. An act for the relief of Giuseppe Cacciani;

S. 2040. An act to amend title 35 of the United States Code to permit a written declaration to be accepted in lieu of an oath, and for other purposes;

S. 2085. An act for the relief of William Maurer Trayfors; and

S. 2448. An act to amend the Atomic Energy Act of 1954.

RECESS

On motion by Mr. CHURCH, at 7 o'clock and 49 minutes p.m.,

The Senate, under its order of today. took a recess until 11 o'clock a.m. tomorrow.

THURSDAY, MARCH 19, 1964 (Legislative day of Monday, March 9 1964)

The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore called the Senate to order at 11 o'clock a.m., and the Chaplain offered prayer.

THE JOURNAL

On motion by Mr. MANSFIELD, and by unanimous consent,

The Journal of the proceedings of Wednesday, March 18, 1964, was approved.

TRANSACTION OF ROUTINE BUSINESS On motion by Mrs. MANSFIELD, and by unanimous consent,

The following routine business was transacted:

AMENDMENT OF FEDERAL CIVIL DEFENSE ACT OF 1950, RELATING TO PROVISION OF SHELTER

The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a communication from the Secretary of Defense, transmitting a draft of proposed legislation to further amend the Federal Civil Defense Act of 1950, as amended, to provide for shelter in Federal structures, to authorize payment toward the construction or modification of approved public shelter space; which, with the accompanying papers, was referred to the Committee on Armed Services.

AMENDMENT OF TITLE 10, UNITED STATES CODE, RELATING TO DISPOSAL OF PERSONAL EFFECTS OF CERTAIN PERSONS WHO DIE IN SERVICE

The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a communication from the Secretary of the Air Force, transmitting a draft of proposed legislation to amend title 10, United States Code, to authorize officers detailed for the purpose to dispose of the personal effects of certain persons who die while serving with, employed by, or accompanying the Army or Air Force outside the United States; which, with the accompanying papers, was referred to the Committee on Armed Services. REPORT OF FOREIGN CLAIMS SETTLEMENT COMMISSION OF THE UNITED STATES The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a communication from the Chairman of the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission, transmitting, pursuant to law, the 17th semiannual report of the activities of the Commission for the period ended December 31, 1962; which, with the accompanying report, was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

REPORT ON UNNECESSARY COST TO THE GOVERNMENT IN LEASING OF CERTAIN ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING SYSTEMS The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a communication from the Comptroller General of the United States, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report on unnecessary cost to the Government in the leasing of electronic data processing systems by the Aerospace Division of Martin Marietta Corp., Baltimore, Md., Denver, Colo., Orlando, Fla., Department of Defense; which, with the accompanying report, was referred to the Committee on Government Operations.

REPORT ON OVERPRICING OF THE NUCLEAR FRIGATE US.S. "BAINBRIDGE" The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a communication from the Comptroller General of the United States, transmitting, pur

suant to law, a report on the overpricing of the nuclear frigate U.S.S. Bainbridge, purchased from the Bethlehem Steel Co., Quincy, Mass., Department of the Navy; which, with the accompanying report, was referred to the Committee on Government Operations.

PETITIONS

The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate the following petitions, etc., which were referred as indicated:

A concurrent resolution of the Legislature of the State of Arizona favoring the enactment of legislation which declares a moratorium and holds in abeyance the issuance of licenses or permits under the Federal Power Act to construct dams along the reach of the Colorado River between Glen Canyon Dam and Lake Mead during the period ending December 31, 1965; to the Committee on Commerce.

A resolution of the Senate of the State of South Dakota favoring clarification and amendment to certain provisions of the unemployment compensation benefits under the employment security law as it relates to the Social Security Act; to the Committee on Finance.

A resolution of the House of Representatives of the State of Kentucky favoring the construction of flood control measures on the Salt River and the Rolling Fork, Ky.; to the Committee on Public Works.

A petition of certain organizations on the island of Okinawa, praying for a quick solution of the prepeace treaty compensation issue; to the Committee on Armed Services.

The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a resolution of the Board of Chosen Freeholders, County of Essex, N.J., favoring the passage of the civil rights legislation now pending before the Senate; which was ordered to lie on the table.

Mr. PELL (for himself and Mr. PASTORE) presented a concurrent resolution of the Legislature of the State of Rhode Island favoring the Housing and Home Finance Agency providing direct grants to local municipal agencies which have adopted approved urban renewal projects to assist them in carrying out all aspects of their workable program particularly minimum standards housing codes; which was referred to the Committee on Banking and Currency.

REPORT OF JOINT ECONOMIC COMMITTEE Mr. DOUGLAS, from the Joint Economic Committee, submitted a report (No. 965) entitled "The United States Balance of Payments" together with additional views; which was ordered to be printed.

REPORT ON DISPOSITION OF USELESS PAPERS

Mr. JOHNSTON, from the Select Committee on Papers in the Executive Departments, to whom were referred lists of papers in various departments and agencies of the Government, recommended for disposition, transmitted to the Senate by the Archivist of the United States March 9, 1964, submitted a report thereon.

99-100-S J-88-2-11

INTRODUCTION OF BILLS

Bills were introduced, severally read the first and second times by unanimous consent, and referred as follows:

By Mr. SALTONSTALL:

S. 2656. A bill for the relief of Michele Rizzuto; to the Committee on the Judiciary.

By Mr. YOUNG of North Dakota: S. 2657. A bill to increase the amount of domestic beet sugar and mainland cane sugar which may be marketed during 1964, 1965, and 1966; to the Committee on Finance.

By Mr. FULBRIGHT (by request):

S. 2658. A bill to amend further the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

By Mr. FULBRIGHT:

S. 2659. A bill to provide for technical cooperation and development grants to less developed friendly countries and areas, and for other purposes;

S. 2660. A bill to provide for additional investment guaranties and surveys of investment opportunities under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, and for other purposes;

S. 2661. A bill to authorize certain grant assistance under the Alliance for Progress, and for other purposes;

S. 2662. A bill to amend the United Nations Participation Act of 1945, as amended, and for other purposes;

S. 2663. A bill to authorize appropriations for supporting assistance pursuant to the terms of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, and for other purposes;

S. 2664. A bill to authorize an appropriation to the President's contingency fund pursuant to the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, and for other purposes;

S. 2665. A bill to provide for military assistance to friendly countries and international organizations, and for other purposes; and

S. 2666. A bill to provide for better administration of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

By Mr. WILLIAMS of New Jersey: S. 2667. A bill for the relief of Joaquim Manuel De Oliveira; to the Committee on the Judiciary.

CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964 The Senate resumed the consideration of the motion of Mr. MANSFIELD that the Senate proceed to consider the bill (H.R. 7152) to enforce the constitutional right to vote, to confer jurisdiction upon the district courts of the United States to provide injunctive relief against discrimination in public accommodations, to authorize the Attorney General to institute suits to protect constitutional rights in public facilities and public education, to extend the Commission on Civil Rights, to prevent discrimination in federally assisted programs, to establish a Commission on Equal Employment Opportunity, and for other purposes.

Pending debate,

MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Hackney, one of its clerks:

Mr. President: The House of Representatives has passed the following bills, in which it requests the concurrence of the Senate:

H.R. 1382. An act for the relief of John Gatzopi Overbeck and Mary Gatzopoulos Overbeck;

H.R. 1435. An act for the relief of Leon Llanos;

H.R. 1439. An act for the relief of Ionna Ganas;

H.R. 1440. An act for the relief of Consuelo Alvarado de Corpus;

H.R. 1500. An act for the relief of Mrs. An Fu Wang Lee;

H.R. 2215. An act for the relief of E. A. Rolfe, Jr.;

H.R. 2229. An act for the relief of Louis Adler;

H.R. 3646. An act for the relief of Gordon Liu Brooks, Jackie Lee Brooks, and Tony Tsui Brooks;

H.R. 3654. An act for the relief of Paolo Armano;

H.R. 4871. An act for the relief of Glen C. Delts and others;

H.R. 5416. An act for the relief of Irene N. Halkias;

H.R. 5514. An act to direct the Secretary of the Interior to sell certain public lands in the State of Arizona;

H.R. 6034. An act for the relief of Robert L. Johnston;

H.R. 6133. An act for the relief of Miss Carmen Rioja and child, Paloma Menchaca Rioja;

H.R. 6473. An act for the relief of Mr. and Mrs. Loward D. Sparks;

H.R. 6587. An act to direct the Secretary of the Interior to convey certain lands in Boulder County, Colo., to W. F. Stover;

H.R. 6837. An act for the relief of Mrs. Eleonora Vasconi (nee Trentanove);

H.R. 6883. An act for the relief of the estate of Eileen G. Foster;

H.R. 7346. An act for the relief of certain officers and employees of the U.S. Public Health Service;

H.R. 8201. An act for the relief of Maj. Jack J. Shea, U.S. Air Force;

H.R. 8348. An act for the relief of Mrs. Faye E. Russell Lopez;

H.R. 8469. An act for the relief of Dr. Salim Akyol;

H.R. 8532. An act for the relief of Ivan D. Beran;

H.R. 8936. An act for the relief of Leonard M. Dalton;

H.R. 9573. An act for the relief of Wolfgang Stresemann;

H.R. 9678. An act for the relief of Anna Maria Geyer;

H.R. 10078. An act for the relief of Philip N. Shepherdson;

H.R. 10300. An act to authorize certain construction at military installations, and for other purposes; and

H.R. 10433. An act making appropriations for the Department of the Interior and related agencies for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1965, and for other purposes.

The President of the United States has informed the House that on March 18,

1964, he approved and signed the following acts:

H.R. 5306. An act for the relief of Paul James Branan;

H.R. 7491. An act for the relief of William L. Berryman; and

H.R. 10051. An act to amend Public Law 86-272, as amended, with respect to the reporting date.

The Speaker of the House having signed nine enrolled bills, viz, S. 614, S. 1299, S. 1445, H.R. 2189, H.R. 2724, H.R. 4681, H.R. 5584, H.R. 6748, and H.R. 8470, I am directed to bring the same to the Senate for the signature of its President.

ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED

The Secretary reported that he had examined and found truly enrolled the following bills:

S. 614. An act to authorize the Secretary of the Interior to make water available for a permanent pool for fish and wildlife and recreation purposes at Cochiti Reservoir from the San Juan-Chama unit of the Colorado River storage project:

S. 1299. An act to defer certain operation and maintenance charges of the Eden Valley Irrigation and Drainage District;

S. 1445. An act for the relief of Archie L. Dickson, Jr.;

H.R. 2189. An act for the relief of of Morris Aronow and other employees of the Post Office Department;

H.R. 2724. An act for the relief of Davey Ellen Snider Siegel;

H.R. 4681. An act for the relief of CWO James A. McQuaig:

H.R. 5584. An act for the relief of

Capt. Ransom C. Aplin;

On March 17, 1964:

S. 1561. An act to amend the Federal Employees Health Benefits Act of 1959 to remove certain inequities in the application of such act, to improve the administration thereof, and for other purposes; and

S. 2455. An act to amend further the Peace Corps Act (75 Stat. 612), as amended.

On March 18, 1964:

S. 1964. An act to amend the District of Columbia Traffic Act, 1925, as amended, to increase the fee charged for learners' permits.

Ordered, That the Secretary notify the House of Representatives thereof.

CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964 The Senate resumed the consideration of the motion of Mr. MANSFIELD that the Senate proceed to consider the bill (H.R. 7152) to enforce the constitutional right to vote, to confer jurisdiction upon the district courts of the United States to provide injunctive relief against discrimination in public accommodations, to authorize the Attorney General to institute suits to protect constitutional rights in public facilities and public education, to extend the Commission on Civil Rights, to prevent discrimination in federally assisted programs, to establish a Commission on Equal Employment Opportunity, and for other purposes.

Mr. MANSFIELD raised a question as to the presence of a quorum; Whereupon

The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. McGOVERN in the chair) directed the roll to be called; When

J. D. Wallace & Co., Inc; and

H.R. 8470. An act for the relief of Warren A. Jeffers and Francis H. Leik. The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore thereupon signed the same.

HOUSE BILLS REFERRED

The bills this day received from the House of Representatives for concurrence, were severally read the first and second times by unanimous consent,

Ordered, That the bills H.R 1382, H.R. 1435, H.R. 1439, H.R. 1440, H.R. 1500, H.R. 2215, H.R. 2229, H.R. 3646, H.R. 3654, H.R. 4871, H.R. 5416, H.R. 6034, H.R. 6133, H.R. 6473, H.R. 6837, H.R. 6883, H.R. 7346, H.R. 8201, H.R 8348, H.R. 8469, H.R. 8532, H.R. 8936, H.R. 9573, H.R. 9678, and H.R. 10078 be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary;

That the bills H.R. 5514 and H.R. 6587 be referred to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs;

That the bill H.R. 10300 be referred to the Committee on Armed Services; and That the bill H.R. 10433 be referred to the Committee on Appropriations.

PRESIDENTIAL APPROVALS

A message from the President of the United States, by Mr. Miller, his secretary:

Mr. President: The President of the United States has approved and signed the following acts:

The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. BREWSTER in the chair) laid before the Senate the following message from the President of the United States; which, with the accompanying papers, was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations:

To the Congress of the United States:

The most important ingredient in the development of a nation is neither the amount nor the nature of foreign assistance. It is the will and commitment of the government and people directly involved.

To those nations which do commit themselves to progress under freedom, help from us and from others can provide the margin of difference between failure and success.

This is the heart of the matter.

The proposals contained in this message express our self-interest at the same time that they proclaim our national ideals.

We will be laying up a harvest of woe for us and our children if we shrink from the task of grappling in the world community with poverty and ignorance.

These are the grim recruiting sergeants of communism.

They flourish wherever we falter. If we default on our obligations, communism will expand its ambitions.

That is the stern equation which dominates our age, and from which there can be no escape in logic or in honor.

NO WASTE, NO RETREAT

It is against our national interest to tolerate waste or inefficiency or extravagance in any of these programs. But it is equally repugnant to our national interest to retreat from our obligations

and commitments while freedom remains under siege.

We recognize that the United States cannot and should not sustain the burden of these programs alone.

Other nations are needed in this enterprise of mutual help. Encouraging signs exist that the process of sharing the burden is steadily growing.

The best way for the United States to stimulate this growth and to broaden this partnership in freedom is to make our own example an incentive to our friends and allies.

We need the assurance of stability and progress in a world restless with many dangers and anxieties.

PRUDENT AND RESPONSIBLE PROGRAMS

In this program we do not seek to cover the whole world. Aid on a worldwide scale is no part of our purpose.

We seek instead, through prudent and responsible programs, to help carefully selected countries whose survival in freedom is essential-and whose collapse would bring new opportunities for Communist expansion.

There are no easy victories in this campaign. But there can be sudden disasters. We cannot ask for a reprieve from responsibility while freedom is in danger. The vital interests of the United States require us to stay in the battle. We dare not desert.

Economic and military assistance, used at the right time and in the right way, can provide indispensable help to our foreign policy in enabling the United States to influence events instead of merely reacting to them. By committing a small part of our resources before crises actually occur, we reduce the danger and frequency of those crises.

Our foresight becomes a shield against misfortune.

The recommendations contained in this program for fiscal year 1965 are designed to move the aid program in that direction.

They reflect views and experience of the Congress, of the executive branch, and of informed private citizens.

FIVE FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS FOR A
SUCCESSFUL PROGRAM

First. The request for funds must be realistic.

For economic assistance, new authorizations of $917 million for fiscal 1965 are recommended. Specifically, I recommend $335 million for supporting assistance, $225 million for technical cooperation, $134 million for contributions to international organizations, $150 million for the President's contingency fund, and $73 million for administrative and miscellaneous expenses.

For military assistance, I recommend that the Congress provide a continuing authorization, subject to an annual review of each year's proposals by the authorizing committees in both Houses.

For fiscal 1965, I recommend no additional authorizations for the Alliance for Progress or for development lending assistance in Asia or Africa. Existing authorizations for these programs are adequate.

The appropriations recommended for fiscal 1965 total $1 billion for military assistance and $2.4 billion for economic assistance.

In fiscal 1964, the initial request was $4.9 billion, later reduced to $4.5 billion.

This fiscal year, the request of $3.4 billion is $1.1 billion less than last year's request, although about the same as was available last year, taking into consideration the unexpended balance from the year before.

Moreover, more than 80 percent of aid funds will be spent in the United States. The impact of the program on our balance of payments will be less than ever before.

INSURANCE TO AVOID COMMITTING AMERICAN MEN TO WAR

These requests reflect a determination to continue to improve the aid program both in concept and administration. The overall request represents a great deal of money-but it is an amount which we should, in all prudence, provide to serve essential U.S. interests and commitments throughout the world.

More than 1 million American men in uniform are now stationed outside the United States. As insurance to avoid involving them and the Nation in a major conflict, we propose to spend through aid programs less than 4 cents out of every tax dollar.

If there is any alternative insurance against war, it might be found in an increase in the defense budget. But that would require not only many times more than $3.4 billion, for a military budget which already takes more than 50 cents out of every tax dollar, but also a severalfold increase in our own military manpower.

The foreign assistance requested will provide:

The crucial assistance we have promised the people of Latin America who are committed to programs of economic and social progress.

Continued economic development in India, Pakistan, and Turkey under the major international aid-consortia to which we are a party.

The U.S. share of voluntary contributions to the United Nations technical cooperation programs and to such special international programs as the work of the United Nations Children's Fund, and the development of the Indus Basin.

Funds to meet our commitments to the freedom of the people of South Vietnam, Korea, and for the other obligations we have undertaken in Asia and Africa.

Second. The funds I am requesting will be concentrated where they will produce the best results, and speed the transition from U.S. assistance to selfsupport wherever possible.

Two-thirds of the proposed military assistance will go to 11 nations along the periphery of the Sino-Soviet bloc, from Greece and Turkey through Thailand and Vietnam to the Republic of China and Korea. These funds are a key to the maintenance of over 3.5 million men under arms, raised and supported in

large measure by the countries receiving the assistance.

The need for supporting assistancefunds used primarily in countries facing defense or security emergencies-will continue to be reduced. Fourteen countries which received supporting assistance 3 years ago will receive none in fiscal year 1965.

Four-fifths of the present request will go to four countries: Korea, Vietnam, Laos, and Jordan.

Two-thirds of the development lending proposed for fiscal 1965-including Alliance for Progress lending-will be concentrated in six countries: Chile, Colombia, Nigeria, Turkey, Pakistan, and India.

Funds for educational and technical cooperation-to help start schools, health centers, agricultural experiment stations, credit services, and dozens of other institutions are not concentrated in a few countries. But they will be used for selected projects to raise the ability of less fortunate peoples to meet their own needs. To carry out these projects we are seeking the best personnel available in the United States-in private agencies, in universities, in State and local governments, and throughout the Federal Government.

Wherever possible, we will speed up the transition from reliance on aid to self-support.

In 17 nations, the transition has been completed and economic aid has ended. Fourteen countries are approaching the point where soft economic loans and grants will no longer be needed. New funds for military equipment grants are being requested for seven fewer countries for fiscal 1965 than for the present year.

Third. We must do more to utilize private initiative in the United Statesand in the developing countries-to promote economic development abroad. During the past year:

The first new houses financed by U.S. private funds protected by AID guarantees were completed in Lima, Peru.

The first rural electrification surveys, conducted by the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association under contract to AID, were completed and the first rural electrification loan-in Nicaragua-was approved.

The first arrangement linking the public and private resources of one of our States to a developing country was established between California and Chile. This effort must be expanded.

Accordingly, we are encouraging the establishment of an Executive Service Corps. It will provide American businessmen with an opportunity to furnish, on request, technical and managerial advice to businessmen in developing countries.

During the present year, the possibilities for mobilizing increased private resources for the development task will be developed by the Advisory Committee on Private Enterprise in Foreign Aid established under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1963.

In this connection, two specific legislative steps are recommended: