A History of Melody

18th century already ancient appeared aria art-music Bach's Baroque Bartók basic Beethoven bel canto C.P.E. Bach Central Asia chansons characteristic Chinese choral chromaticism classical common chord composers culture dance dance-rhythm Debussy declamation diatonic diatonicism East European Europe European music examples flat major folk-music folk-song formulae French Fugue German Gregorian chant Handel Haydn human Hungarian Hungary idea idiom important improvised Indian influence instrumental intonation Italian J. C. Bach Kodály language later Leipzig linked Liszt major melody maqam melody melody-types Middle Ages minor mode motives movement movt Mozart Music of Hungary musicology Musik natural notes opera Oriental origin ornamentation pan-pipe pentatonic scales pentatonicism period Piano Concerto polyphony primitive principle realised regions Renaissance rhythm rhythmical Rococo romantic Romanticism Scarlatti semitone shape singing Sonata song speech String Quartet structure style Symphony themes three-note tonal system tradition tunes typical variations Wagner Western whilst whole