changes in plumage of birds; birds of Greenland; human skeleton found at Guadaloupe; island of Tristan da Cunha-general commendation.

ART. III. Mr. Isaac Taylor on Character. P. 58-61.

Grateful obligation to notice author and family-their meritorious productions-present volume enforces self-cultivation, with a view to characterspecimens.

ART. IV. Lithography. P. 61-84.

Engraving less subservient to painter and designer than printing to authorsits inadequacy and defects-principle of Lithography vastly more convenient-its practice promissory of much greater advantages, but attended at first with very considerable difficulties-want of books on the subject now materially supplied by those of Senefelder the inventor, and the author of the Manual here noticed-their respective merits---principle of art explained-various subsidiary operations and cautions needed for its due success-numerous uses and great advantages of art-brief memoirs of Senefelder and his progress in Lithography-gradual extension of art into various countries-state in England and Scotland-kinds and qualities of materials required in art―steps in the process-recommendation of Mr. Ruthven's rolling-press in lithographic printing.

ART. V. R. L. Edgeworth's Memoirs. P. 84-107.

Discordant feelings and opinions as to character of Edgeworth-regret that Miss Edgeworth should not have written whole of memoirs-origin of family-his parentage-birth-ominously-named nurses-early pursuitsschool reminiscences-jocular marriage and its serious jactitation-juvenile experiments in vice-marriage in reality-maternal advice-devotion to mechanics-an intimacy with Sir Francis Delaval-high life theatricals-electioneering manoeuvres-forgotten fashionable world-more machinery-Delaval's dying counsel-experiments in education by Edgeworth and Mr. Day--Edgeworth wearies of his wife-his scientific society, an improvement in his life-silly frolic with Mr. Day-aims at oratory, and pleases himself-forethought of another wife-in France and meets Rousseau-projects on the Rhone-memoir of Edgeworth's son-Edgeworth wonderfully sagacious and a prophet-realizes his hopes of a second wife-farther particulars and indignant dismissal of Mr. Day-Edgeworth loses his second wife, marries her sister, and terminates his part of the memoirs-reflections on his character up to this period -Miss Edgeworth the biographer of the better part of his life-rapid survey of its chief events and features—his talents and works appreciated -concluding estimate of his character.

ART. VI. Wellington's Early Campaigns. P. 107–115. Encomiastic introduction of author, and eulogium on the progress of Wellington-abstract of work, with quotations and comments-fervent valediction.

ART. VII. Sketches from St. George's Fields. P. 115–122. Prison scenes apparently unsuitable to poetry-genius has subdued equally unpromising themes, and refuted theory that common life must be uncongenial to imaginative interest-triumph of Crabbe-author reminds one of him-varied peculiarities of a prison-which of them chiefly selected in work-specimens concluding commendation and censure.

NUMBER FOR AUGUST.

ART. I. Malthus on the Principles of Political Economy. P. 127-164. Author's repute as a political economist, imposes high regard to present treatise various practical questions still to be discussed-desire to aid their solution, inducement to work-premature generalization the grand source of error in the science-dignity of the science vindicated-contents of work generally stated-author's summary of doctrines more particularly used in following analysis-definition and nature of wealth-productive and unproductive labour distinguished-value, price, demand, explained dissent of Malthus from doctrine of cost of production being a criterion of natural or necessary price-inquiry as to real standard of exchangeable value-reviewer's opinion on the subject advanced as more lucid and intelligible-rent discussed-relation between it and profits and wages-Malthus and Ricardo differ as to interests of landlord and state being identified-wages of labour treated by Malthus in ordinary way profits of capital elucidated-omission and error of Ricardo on this topic-distinction between wealth and value-most important chapter, on" immediate causes of progress of wealth" expounded—its doctrines, freely investigated and decided on, with remarks on influence of commerce, productive and unproductive consumers, and existing distresses of the country.

ART. II. German Language. P. 164–176.

Germans more unmixed than other Europeans-Britons intermediate between southern and northern nations as to literature and language-Upper and Lower German languages-Germans show excessive and almost exclusive regard to indigenous words-Purists among them, who advantages and disadvantages of their combinations of native words, used in moral and physical science-effect of differences of language on national character-grammar of German language does not equal that of English, which again is by no means perfect, though one of the best in Europecomparison between them on various points-author and work on the whole favourably noticed.

ART. II. Marcian Colonna. P. 176-186.

Tendency of our lighter literature to become anonymous-Barry Cornwall conspicuous among its unknown cultivators-now revealed-recent and rapid rise of his muse, but his earliest efforts not surpassed by subsequent-wherein lies his genius, and what has contributed to his reputation-friendly advice-present production characterized, analyzed, and criticised, with ample extracts-hopeful and commendatory farewell.

ART. IV. Simeon's Hora Homileticæ. P. 186–190. Importance of preaching-qualities required for it and helps administeredMr. Simeon's various labours in this field enumerated, explained, and commended-his doctrines explained-a specimen declined-probable use and abuse of such a work-advice and concluding recommendation.

ART. V. The Huntingdon Peerage. P. 191-215. Avowed regard to honorary distinctions-their utility asserted-specific reason for present notice-many noble families extinguished-that of Hastings supposed so, but restored-its genealogy and progress in English history-memoir of present earl-origin of his claim-proceedings of

Mr. Bell in urging it-various difficulties encountered and overcometriumphant success-concluding tribute to Mr. Bell.

ART. VI. Loss of the Winterton East Indiaman. P. 215-232. High interest of shipwrecks-those of Indiamen particularly affecting-that of the Winterton narrated, with extracts-subsequent fate of crew and passengers-some notices respecting Madagascar-compliment to au

thor.

ART. VII. Mill's History of Muhammedanism. P. 232-243. Religions of human origin generally modified to human ends-specially exemplified in that of Muhammed-thoughts suggested by present workthe author partly a copiest of Gibbon in sentiment as to Arabian prophet, and still more so in style-question of Muhammed's pretended illiteracy investigated-Koran how transmitted various manuscripts and editions of it-supplementary traditions numerous-prayer earnestly recommended in this religion-real value of Muhammedanism considered -defence of Grotius against Gibbon-literature and science of Turks noticed-decline of this religion manifested-its total ruin anticipated.

Unfortunate as a biographer-defects of Mr. Hoare-condensed memoir of Granville Sharp, with quotations and incidental remarks on slave trade; education of Omai; ordination of American bishops; colony of Sierra Leone; and abolition of slave trade-character of Granville Sharp appreciated.

ART. II. Humboldt's Personal Narrative. Vol. iv. P. 262-279. Qualifications of Humboldt-contents of former volumes generally stated— abstract of present volume, with quotations and notes respecting earthquake of 1812; town of La Victoria; an enormous tree; lake of Valencia; the cow-tree; the Cordilleras; fishing for gymnoti; inundations of various rivers; crocodiles of Apure; the Oroonoko; the Caribbees; harvest of eggs; Indians of Pararuma-work and author criticised.

ART. III. Lessons of Thrift. P. 279–284.

A blunder, not altogether unprofitable-Save-All Club noticed-poor opinion of introductory portion of work-specimens of the lessons from "Sketches of Life," "Cures for Care,' ," "Servant," " Economy of High Life," " Money lent, money lost," "Cats and Dogs," "Generosity"work and author candidly judged.

ART. IV. Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Historie Naturelle. P. 285–303. Pledge promptly redeemed by present abstract--various quotations and notices, relative particularly to volcanos; history of alumstone; theory of meteoric stones; varieties of quartz; vegetable appearances in Chalcedony; theory of petrifaction; the eatable truffle; the vine and wines; certain extravagancies of Dr. Virey respecting life and human nature; some peculiarities in ornithology; more absurdities of Dr. Virey in treating of fish; pilot fish and shark; turtles; the scorpion; Huber's work on Ants; the leech; poisoned meat-general commendation.

ART. V. The Sketch Book. P. 303-334.

Good fortune of Mr. Crayon-who he is-congratulation-his literary merits-a censure-ample abstracts and specimens, with encomium.

ART. VI. Huber on Ants. P. 335-353.

The ant a moral theme-its history little known previous to present author-condensed view of varieties of ants; their habits, manners, works three-fold distinctions; singular regard to young; changes of residence ; comprehensive and correct language; wars and mode of fighting-general merit of work and translation.

ART. VII. Foster on the Evils of Popular Ignorance. P. 353-370. Lamentable opposition to progress of knowledge still existing-much yet required for diffusion of light-illiberality and sordid views of opponents of improvement-mind imperishable and must advance-knowledge, though it may be abused, nevertheless a mighty advantage-supposed examples of its perversion misunderstood-but admitting them, its use invaluable when rightly directed-high condition of literature among a few, no guarantee for intelligence of the many-this proved by our own history-base and selfish argument against enlightening the people censured-deplorable evils of ignorance-its necessary connection with misery-imaginary dangers to higher classes and political society, from generally spread knowledge, amply investigated and totally dispelled-author quoted on period preceding the Reformation; small advancement of the people in knowledge since; and the probable benefits of education.

ART. VIII. The Eclipse. P. 370-374.

General interest excited by solar eclipse-its philosophical importanceparticular account of the eclipse of 7th September 1820-allusion to some remarkable eclipses-Calculation of the eclipse for Edinburgh.

NUMBER FOR OCTOBER.

ART. I. Mrs. Delany's Letters. P. 379–390.

Situation of kings generally unfavourable for display of social virtuesgeneral curiosity respecting their private lives accounted for-value of present work on this principle-Mrs. Delany, who-nature of the letters-interesting extracts respecting Royal Family-fair inferences as to amiableness of late Majesties.

ART. II. Modern History of Prussia. P. 391-410. Rapid rise and sudden ruin of Prussia-object of work and general contents stated-influence of Frederick the Great on fate of Prussia-sundry traits in his character and policy censured-unpopularity and vices of his successor-state of parties on his accession-mystical propensities and societies of Germans-Frederick William II. a partisan by influence of favourites rather than from his own activity--his mistaken policy and injurious reign-early hopes of present king disappointed-his unsteady character and vacillating conduct-his boasting but really poor behaviour in first relations with France-his subsequent spirit ill-timed, and totally

unprofitable-causes of Prussia's sad discomfiture-favourable remarks on author and work.

ART. III. The Hermit in London. P. 411-422.

Value of works on life and manners-requisites for their composition-present production moderately estimated, with various specimens-abridgment of work recommended.

ART. IV. Anastasius. P. 423-445.

Repulsive character of hero-verdict on author-summary of tale, with copious but carefully selected quotations-critique on general design and execution-who the author-impurity of work a decisive objection to its currency.

ART. V. Croley's Angel of the World, &c. P. 445–457. Present period eminently favoured with genius-what may be expected from several poets-others not yet to be decided on-contents of present work favourably noticed, with extracts and remarks respecting Angel of the World; Sebastian; and Satan.

ART. VI. Account of Timbuctoo and Housa, &c. P. 457–480. Great desire for knowledge respecting Africa-difficulties of obtaining it— merits and advantages of Mr. Jackson-general account of present workabstract of its contents, with incidental remarks, on places, productions, people, manners and geography of part of Africa visited-final verdict in favour of work, with suggestion for its improvement.

ART. VII. Life of Kotzebue. P. 480-505.

Dubious eminence of Kotzebue-his chief peculiarities and propensitiesmemoir of his life, with extracts and reflections-his character not highly estimated-absurdity and evils of his theoretical system of sentiment and composition-much more lofty principle essential for display of true ge

nius.

NUMBER FOR NOVEMBER.

ART. I. The Crusades. P. 509–529.

General and special interest of Crusades-a history of them still a desideratum-qualifications of author, and merits of work commended—his injudiciousness in taking Gibbon for a model of style censured, and some errors noticed-considerations, with occasional extracts, on origin of Crusades; mode in which they were conducted, and their success; their influence on the character of the agents in them; and their effects on the state of Europe.

ART. II. Family and Genealogical History. P. 530–540. An important part of national records-what its essential interest, and how it differs from general history-Scotland particularly well supplied with examples of it-four works now noticed, characterized; Buchanan on Surnames; Peter Buchans's history of the Keiths; Lumsden on Genealogie of the Houss of Forbes; and account of the Origine and Succession of the Family of Innes-hope of more such works.