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Mr. URBAN, Baldock, July 20. THAT the wax with which the bees' build their combs is produced between the folds of their bellies, few will deny. However, thould any one not be fatisfied with bare affertion, he may very easily convince himself of the trath of it, by only taking a bee in the fummer feafoa, and, with the point of a penknife, he may very readily draw out the small lamine ot wax from between the scales of the under-part of their bodies, and if he collects a few of these and makes trial of them, he will find them to be pure was. Sometimes these lamine of wax will increase to fuch a fize as to protrude beyond the outer extremity of the scales, and then the bee appears as if heavyladen: this appears to have been the cafe with the bee which Mr. Thorley observed going into one of his hives, and which he caught, and upon examination found it to have fix pieces of folid wax between the plaits of its belly; "here I have found it," says he, "at other times, and once I took away e'ght pieces together, and I knew it was wax, and nothing elfe." But Bonher combats these opinions, and thinks, from the rareness of fuch cafes, it would be abfurd to suppose that all the wax, which the combs are made of is carried into the hive in this manner. Yet, had Bonner paid that attention to bees as he in his writings would fain make us believe, furely fuch an engaging fubject as this could not have wholly escaped his notice. But, when we confider under what difadvantages this gentleman made his experiments on these infects, we need not wonder that he did not difcover what others have done, who use glass hives; he only using the common hives. His conjecture, as to the production of wax, is both ingenious and fatisfactory; but he does not mention from what part it is fecreted. In the Phil. Trans. vol. 82. Dr. Hunter has given an account of the bee (apis mellifica), where he favs, "the wax is an external fecretion from the body of the bee, and difcoverable between each of the Icales of the under fide of its bolly."

Now, after faying thus much on the fubject, I will just remark what I have observed among my own bees; for, during this fummer, I have paid narticular attention to one of my colon es, whic his in boxes with glass backs; and while they were building against the glafs of one of the boxes, for the pur

pose of importing their combs, 1 could with pleafure obferve them flip ttreir hind legs down their bodies, and dextroufly draw out a fimall lamina of wax, which they very nimbly convey to the first pair of joints belonging to the probofcis or nippers, and after paffing it round a few times between those apparatus, it is then applied to the purpose of architecture. This I have frequently observed at my leifure moments; but they are fo very quick in their motions, that a perfon mult be very attentive to observe them; should they stand upon the glass to perform this, as they fometimes do, you then have a distinct view of them, and may with ease observe them draw forth the wax; and as foon as they have done this, they will return to applying it to the combs, and after a confiderable time the fame bee will be seen attempting to draw out another lamina. Hence it appears that every bee (I mean the neuters) uses its own wax; and when its flock is exhausted it leaves off building, and either goes to the collecting of honey, or polishes the work it has already begun, till Nature supplies it with more, when it again refumes its former labour. Infignificant as these infects may appear in the eyes of fome, vet to a philofophic mind they must excite wonder and admiration, particularly in the construction of their cells, the apertures of which are true hexagonal figures, á figure be i adapted to the purpose intended, both for economy and neatness. Who could have taught them the higher geometry, in determining maxina and minima? Nought but God alone! who difpenfes knowledge to the meanest insect, that man with all his fagacity can never arrive at.

P. S. I may inform Fidelis, page 319, that what Philomeliffus means by an imp, is what the cottager calls an eke. Their method of making an imp or an eke is, to cut a large hole in the crown of an old hive, and fet the hive of bees which want additional room upon this che.

No perfon that keeps hees should be without ekes, and thould have them of different depths, with boarded or barred tops to them, as they are very ufeful to put under occafionally. The fame may be done for boxes.

In the drawing of Hadley's Quadrant, the line PB is not drawn right; and, p. 5111 4 and 7, inftead of SBC, read 4SCB. T. 8.

A

Mr. URBAN, Plymouth, July 21. SI prefume that your love of truth is fuch as to afford it on all occafions a ready reception, I make no apology for troubling you with this letter.

The affertion noticed in p. 496, "that in workhouses, and houses of correction, Religion is banished, and the truths of the Gospel never conveyed, is a ferious reflection on our parochial establishments, and calls for the animadverfion of all those who have it in their power to confute it by producing instances of a contrary practice. I have, therefore, read with fatisfaction, the letter of your respectable correfpondent, W. W. p.496; and to his teftinony in behalf of the workhouses of the Metropolis, I think it my duty to add mine in favour of that in this town.

The management of the poor in Plymouth is committed to 52 guardians, annually chosen; wo appear to be so sensible of the importa ace of religious instruction to the poor, that for many years paft a conimittee has been appointed, whose duty it is daily to attend the reading of Morning and Evening Prayers to the people in the workhouse; and on Sunday evening fome portion of a Sermon or Lecture is read by one of the members of the committee.

I am not unacquainted with the manner in which this meritorious fervice has been performed; and I am convinced, from actual obfervation, that it has contributed to ameliorate the principles and conduct of those whole prefent and future welfare it is beneficently intended to promote.

I hope, that by giving this Letter a place in your Magazine, you will afford to the Author of the Reflection alluded to another opportunity of knowing, that there are some exceptions at least to his remark, and that it ought not to have been so indifcriminately applied. Yours, &c.

Mr. URBAN,

A

H.

July 21.

about Capt. John Perry, who published in 1716, in 8vo, "The State of Ruffia under the present Czar;" and, in 1721, "An Account of the ftop ping of Dagenham Breach," which he effected about the year 1717, and died Feb. 11, 1732-3. But has not your Correfpondent confounded him with

Charles Perry, M. D. who published in 1743, in a pompous folio, by fubscription, "A View of the Levant," who, as I have heard, was brother to William Perry, Efq. of Turville Park, Bucks, husband of Miss Elizabeth Sydney, daughter and at length fole heiress of the Hon. Col. Thomas Sydney, brother to the three last Earls of Leicesier of that family, and indeed of the whole Sydney family. Mr. and Mrs. Perry subscribed for 4 copies of the Doctor's work: but whether there were any connection between him and the Captain, I am totally ignorant.

Mr. Lyfons, Art. Hendon, gives a tomb in the church-yard, of the "Rev. Samuel Nalton, S. T. B. Fellow of Magdalene College, Oxford, Curate of Hampstead, and Restor of Haversham, Bucks, 1706:" Arms, 3 boars. He was B. D. Dec. 18, 1665.

I cannot but wonder that another Correfpondent, some pages farther on, who feems well acquainted with the present fiate of the Peerage, should not know that the Right Rev. and Hon. Charles, or Charles Dalrymple, Lindfay, L.d. Bp. of Kildare, is a younger brother of the Earl of Balcarias and Countess of Harwicke. Lindtay is the family name of the Earls of Crawford, as well as of Balcarras. Yours, &c.

Mr. URBAN,

J. B.

July 21,

I WILL. be thankful to any of your Correfpondents, if they could inførm me, who are the Managers or Truttees of Queen Anne's Bounty, what the amount of the fund is, and whether any public report is made of their proceedings? Mr. Sheridan moved, fome time past, in the House of Commons, for the accompts; but I have not been able to discover whether they were produced. Yours, &c.

CLERICUS.

INDEX INDICATORIUS. KING'S STANLEY CHURCH and ST. WINIFREDE'S CHAPEL in our next,

We are forry that Mr. DUNCAN'S ODS came too late for the prefent month.

Dr. T. will excuse our omitting his article of intelligence. It is not our babit to infert notices even of our own books intended

sharily to be published; except on the blue cover, where they are regularly paid for as advertisements at the Stamp office.

"LABOR ABSQUE LABORE" is referred to any intelligent Book feller.

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"THE Author, being called, in due fucceffion, to the difcharge of an office in the College of Advocates, had the curiofity to examine the treafiurer's books, and, on a review of the list of the members, was induced to transcribe the names for private reference. Enlarging his views, he annexed to many of the names fuch particulars as he could collect without extraordinary inconvenience, and formed the idea of

XIII. Dumfermline Abbey and publishing a catalogue catalogue of the whole

XVI. Water-fall at Duneira.

IX. The Needle's Eye. X. Tarnaway Castle. XI. Gannachie Bridge. XII. Glasgow Infirmary.

Mill.

XIV. Lochan Eilan.

XV. Monzie.

XVII. Gilmerton Quarry. XVIII. The Port of Inverary. XIX. Cullean Cafile.

XX. A Plane Tree, 28 Feet 1 inch round, in Perthshire.

XXI. Dulfe Bridge.
XXII. Eglinton Cafile.
XXIII. View of the River Divie.
XXIV. Perth, from the North.
XXV. Fingal's Cave.

XXVI. Staffa.
XXVII. Drummond Castle.
XXVIII. Melrose Abbey.
XXIX. Cavern in Glen Croe.

XXX. New Galloway.
XXXI. Edinburgh Cattle.
XXXII. St. Andrew's.

XXXIII. St. Bernard's Well, Lau

rencekirk.

XXXIV. Cromarty HouseandBridge. XXXV. Barskinning. XXXVI. Elcho Castle. XXXVIL Lauriston Castle. XXXVIII. Leflie House. XXXIX. The Trofucks. XL. Donne Castle. XLI. Plufcardine Abbey. XLII. Glencoe. XLIII. Dunblane Cathedral. XLIV. Rowalan Carle.

GENT. MAG. July, 1804.

number of advocates admitted for nearly three centuries past." We commend his design and its execution; and, if we make fuch additions to it as the nature of our Review adınits, he will not, we trust, conceive we infinuate that his work is imperfect. The advocates and procurators belonging to the Court of Arches did not form a diftinct society till the reign of Henry VIII. when Dean Bodewell and other civilians and canonifts, who had been admitted to the privilege of pleading in that court, formed a plan of affociation, and agreed to dwell in contiguous houses, and enjoy a community of board. In 1568 Dr. Howic, dean of the Arches and master of Trinity-hall. Cambridge, procured from the Dean and Chapter of London a lease ot Montjoy-house and contiguous build ings in the parish of St. Bene't, Paul's wharf. After two centuries the leafe was furrendered, and renewed by the College of Doctors, till they bought it out by Royal assistance. The fire in 1666 removed thein to Exeter-house in the Strand till their former manfion was rebuilt, 1672; and they were incorporated by charter 1768.

Anecdotes are annexed to most articles. The lift begins with Thomas Benet, 1512; to whom we add, that he was præcentor of Salisbury from

1541

1541 to his death, and that his monu ment and portrait in his Doctor's robes, on the South fide of the choir, are engraved in the Antiquaries' Museum."The answer of Valentine Dale to the Duke of Parma, while the Spaniards were employed in fitting-out their grand Armada, is worthy of notice at a time when the French are preparing for a fimilar invafion. The Prince having faid that it was more for the interest of the English than of the Spamiards to make their peace, as the latter might eafily repair a defeat, whereas the ill fuccess of the former in battle would be attended with the lofs of their kingdom; Dale replied to this effect: "Our Sovereign has fufficient force to defend the country; and you must have reason to think that a kingdom is not easily fubdued by the effect of one battle, fince the Spanish Monarch has not been able to recover his dominions in the Netherlands even after many engagements and a long course of hoftility." (p. 39.)

P. 15. "John London, fellow of New college, of which he was at length warden, obtained a canonry of Windfor and other preferments, and was one of the visitors of the monasteries; an unprincipled, profligate man; imprifoned for perjury, and died in the Fleet, 1543." His calumnies of Wyckham were copied by Leland, who refuted them. Lowth's Life of Wyckham, pp.317-329

Dr. Cofin employed his great learning to eftablish the oath ex officio, "tending to the discovery of a man's own offences and those of his brethren;" which was abolished by Parliament after the Restoration. (p. 57.)

William Oldys refused to profécute as pirates those seamen who had attacked English ships by virtue of a commiffion from King James: and he refused to retract his opinion; the reafons for which Sir John Trenchard, fecretary of flate, declared amounted to high treafon. Oldys was deprived of his office, and fome of the prifoners were condemned and put to death.

P. 43. Dr. afterward Sir Edward Clere married the only daughter of Ri chard Fulniertion, Etq. of Thetford; and on her death, 1616, fucceeded to bis eftate there.

P. 45. William Drury, who died in 1589. Qu. if Sir William Drury, of Hawited, knight of the thire for Suffolk, Hain in France by Sir John Bo

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The library of Dr. or Sir John Gibfon, judge of the Prerogative Court, who died 1618, was given by his de scendants to the College. (p. 49.)

P. 59. John Drury, archdeacon of Oxford, and prebendary of Chichester, died 1614. Qu. of Pullburgh, Suflex, of the Rougham family of Drury, and master in Chancery; married Alice Apelley, of, Pulborough?

John

Ayliffe, LL. D. and fellow of New college, author of "The antient and present State of the University of Oxford, London, 1714," 2 vols. 8vo, and "A Vindication of himself," on being expelled the Univerfity, and "A new Pandect of Roman Civil Law, 1736," fol. is not mentioned.

P. 111. "John Andrews, fellow of Trinity-hall, master of the faculties, and chancellor of London. He died October 1747, testifying in his will his regard for the place of his education, to which he bequeathed the reverfion of 20,0001. for the improvement of the buildings, and the augmentation of the endowments; but the master and fellows disapproving the conditions annexed to the hequest, refused to accept it."

P. 116. "Charles Pinfold, 1736, fucceeded his father as official of Surrey, and was also advocate to the Lords of the Admiralty. In 1736 he was entrufsled with the government of Barbados. He died Nov. 24, 1788, at the age of 80 years."

"John Taylor, fon of a Salopian tonfor; yet his low birth did not preclude him from the advantages of an academical education. He obtained a fellowship at St. John's college, Cambridge, and the office of registrar of that University, and, after his admiffion into our fociety, he became chancellor of Lincoln. Being perfuaded by his friends to take orders, he quitted Doctors Commons, rose to eminence as a preacher, and was preferred to a refidentiary-canonry of St. Paul's. He died April 14, 1766. Having been entrusted with the education of Lord Weymouth and Mr. Thynne, he was defired by Lord Carteret, the grandfather of his pupils, to inftruct them in the origin and nature of moral obligation and focial duty, and on the general faws of regular communities. Hence arose his learned work illuftrative of the elements of the civil law. His editions of Lyfias and Demofthenes exemplify his philological knowledge. He was one of the vice-prefidents of the Society of Antiquaries, and was alfo a respectable member of the Royal Society." (p. 117.).

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"Andrew Coltee Ducarel had the honour of being a fellow of the Royal and Antiquary Societies, without being a great Philofopher or o a very able Antiquary; nor do we find that he fur paffed the generality of Advocates in the knowledge of his profeffion. He was fuperintendant of the Archiepifcopal Library-ar. Lambeth, and commiffary of the diocele of Canterbury. He died May 29, 1785. The late. Earl of Orford called hiin "a poor creature," for not manifefting an extraordinary readinel's to comply.. with request which related to to antiquarian purfuits*; and Mr. Grose stigmatized him as "very illiterate," because he wilhed to procure affistance in writing an anfwer, in pure Latinity, to a letter received from a Foreign University. It is probable that the far greater part of the elives of our Universities would not have ventured to accuse Dr. Ducarel of extreme illiteracy for the want of a profound skill in the Latin language, though we admit that all the members of fuch seminaries ought to poffefs that qualification; and the cenfure is at leaft mal-apropos, confidered as proceeding from one who, though an ingenious and facetious writer, was not an adept in philology or classical learning. Mr. Grose alfo affirms, that the Doctor was conftuntly drunk every day a little before his death. His liquor was generally Port, or, as he called it, Kill-prieft. He certainly was not an aquæ potor, and had no difinclination to an exhilarating glass of generous wine; but this charge of intoxication is not fupported by truth. The author

* Perhaps a fuitable fee did not acconipany the request. EDIT.

+ The mafter and fellows of one of the

first colleges in Cambridge did not return an answer in the fame language to a Latin Jetter presenting a Roman is scription; which letter, though written quitbont affiftance, was not difapproved by those good judges to whom it was thewn after it had been fent. Εριτ.

Mr. G. with Spenser, no doub:, was abold, bad wit, who spared neither facred nor profane in his low pleasantry." EDIT.

of the Olio pleafantry adds, that our Civilian was "a large black man, with only one eye;" and that the verse of Virgil on the Cyclops,.

Monftrum horrendum, informe, ingens,

cui lumen ademptum, did not very ill deferibe him." (p. 119.)

P. 119. "Sir George Hay; his mind not being fteadily poised, or happily harmonized, he died fuddenly. -Romano magis quam Chriftiano more." 1778.

P. 124. " Interest rather than fuperior merit procured for this civilian, in 1764, the rank and emoluments of his Majesty's advocate; and, on the death Sir George. Hay, he was permitted to occupy the station of judge of the Admiralty. When he was rendered incapable, by the decline of his faculties,

of

a correct and fatisfactory performance of the duties of that office, he refigned it for a pension. He died at his villa near Sudbury (a town which he reprefented in several parliaments) 21it March, 1803. The remarkable speech of Sir James Marriott, at the time of the American war, and his examination at the bar of the House of Commons, will long be remembered. His poems, though not unpleating, are almost forgotten; his admonitory reports, and other profeffional publications, are the objects of occafional reference. He was lefs deficient in talents than in foundness of judgment. He was gay and volatile in this youth; and, when he filled the judicial chair, the attendants of the court were fometimes induced to imagine that they were liftening to the defultory remarks and jocular effufions of the prefident of a festive meeting."

P. 127. "William Scott; 1779, was born at Newcafile, and educated at the oldest college in Oxford, abfurdly called University college. To the character of an able tutor he added the reputation of a pleating communicator of hiftorical knowledge. The lectures which he gave as Camdenian profeffor drew a confiderable concourse of students, and were admired both by the young and the old, but no perfuafions have hitherto induced him to commit them to the prefs. When he first entered the precincts, of the Univerfity he had not formed the intention of cultivating the civil law; but hearing that the advocates in Doctors Commons were not very numerous, and that a man of talents might eafily obtain a great share

of

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