Scientific Knowledge and Its Social ProblemsOxford University Press, 1973 - 449 páginas Analyses the work of science as the creation and investigation of problems, and demonstrates the role of choice and value-judgement, and the inevitability of error, in scientific research. |
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Página 232
... require certain conditions of a tech- nical and social character . The transfer of results , which we have already ... requires only invariance under changes of problem within its narrow limits , then they will soon be talking separate ...
... require certain conditions of a tech- nical and social character . The transfer of results , which we have already ... requires only invariance under changes of problem within its narrow limits , then they will soon be talking separate ...
Página 298
... requires leadership capable of establishing an ethic , based on an ideology , to which the members adhere . For the transition is a highly unnatural one , and even the maintenance of the state of excellence requires the continuous ...
... requires leadership capable of establishing an ethic , based on an ideology , to which the members adhere . For the transition is a highly unnatural one , and even the maintenance of the state of excellence requires the continuous ...
Página 407
... requires a most refined etiquette if they are not to lead to a degeneration of the work . The management of novelty has in the past presented some of the most severe practical problems for science . We saw that neither the assimilation ...
... requires a most refined etiquette if they are not to lead to a degeneration of the work . The management of novelty has in the past presented some of the most severe practical problems for science . We saw that neither the assimilation ...
Índice
Introduction | 1 |
Social Problems of Industrialized Science | 31 |
Science as Craftsmans Work | 75 |
Página de créditos | |
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academic science achieved analysis applied argument aspects assessment basic become Boyle's Law caloric theory complex concept conceptual objects conclusions context corruption craft knowledge criteria of adequacy derived Descartes discipline discussion effective established ethical evidence existing experience external world facts folk-science formal Francis Bacon function Galileo genuine goals Hence history of science human immature field intellectual property intellectually constructed investigation involved journals judgements London materials mathematical matured ment methods Michael Polanyi moral natural philosophy natural science objects of inquiry operation particular philosophy of science physics pitfalls political practical problems present prestige production quality control recognized relation relevant requires research report scientific inquiry scientific knowledge scientific problem scientists significant situation skills social society solution solved sophisticated sort standard style subtle successful task technical problems techniques testing theory things and events tion traditional University