Scientific Knowledge and Its Social ProblemsOxford University Press, 1973 - 449 páginas Analyses the work of science as the creation and investigation of problems, and demonstrates the role of choice and value-judgement, and the inevitability of error, in scientific research. |
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Página 87
... materials.13 Although a particular bit of this material may be generally accepted as solid fact , it must still be considered as no more than possible information ; for its reliability 13 The proper handling of the stock of ' existing ...
... materials.13 Although a particular bit of this material may be generally accepted as solid fact , it must still be considered as no more than possible information ; for its reliability 13 The proper handling of the stock of ' existing ...
Página 200
... materials of the problem itself . The process of extension of facts will then necessarily involve standardization , just as in the case of tools ; and the reasons for the longevity of the standardized materials are the same in both ...
... materials of the problem itself . The process of extension of facts will then necessarily involve standardization , just as in the case of tools ; and the reasons for the longevity of the standardized materials are the same in both ...
Página 215
... materials other than those peculiar to their own constitution , and in general they will be used on the less specialized aspects of those materials . Similarly , the objects of a scientific argument , whose concealed obscurities contain ...
... materials other than those peculiar to their own constitution , and in general they will be used on the less specialized aspects of those materials . Similarly , the objects of a scientific argument , whose concealed obscurities contain ...
Índice
Introduction | 1 |
Social Problems of Industrialized Science | 31 |
Science as Craftsmans Work | 75 |
Página de créditos | |
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academic science achieved analysis applied argument aspects assessment basic become Boyle's Law caloric theory complex concept conceptual objects conclusions context corruption craft knowledge criteria of adequacy derived Descartes discipline discussion effective established ethical evidence existing experience external world facts folk-science formal Francis Bacon function Galileo genuine goals Hence history of science human immature field intellectual property intellectually constructed investigation involved journals judgements London materials mathematical matured ment methods Michael Polanyi moral natural philosophy natural science objects of inquiry operation particular philosophy of science physics pitfalls political practical problems present prestige production quality control recognized relation relevant requires research report scientific inquiry scientific knowledge scientific problem scientists significant situation skills social society solution solved sophisticated sort standard style subtle successful task technical problems techniques testing theory things and events tion traditional University