earlier:-bibit ab octava; he began his revels at noon this was the enormity in the poet's eye, and not the quantity or the quality of what he drank.

6

In the Specimen,' the lady who poisons her husband conceals the body: this, we ventured to say, was not the sense of_the_original; and accordingly, the body is now produced. But Dr. Badham is still wrong. He says 'she is taught not to seem to hear the muttering of the crowd. She heard well enough, and this is the grievance. She did not dissemble her knowledge of the people's murmurs, but she despised them. It is the audacity of her guilt that is the real object of the satire.

In the Translation the 'feet of slaves no longer whiten the plain;' but we do not, for this, get any nearer to the meaning of the original. We are now told that these same people.

-sought an home,

With feet unshod, in hospitable Rome !-p. 21.

They did no such thing. Juvenal tells a plain tale. These upstarts were brought to Rome for sale; they stood in the market like cattle, and their feet were chalked to show that they might be had at reasonable rates! So much for the hospitality of Rome! What can the English reader learn of Juvenal from such versions? But, as the Doctor says, on another occasion, 'these are unimportant circumstances.'

We are much pleased by the long drawn delicacy with which Cujus in effigiem, &c. is rendered.

'A spot select than which, in all the street,

6

For nature's urgent calls were none more meet.'-p. 23. The translator does not, as before, steer to the wind with a flowing sail;' but he falls off miserably from the 'Specimen,' in the rest of the passage. We have seldom seen meaner lines than these; To wish our wishes, all we did to do,

And of our crimes to follow all the clue,

Is left to them-go then, and spread thy sail,

And fill its bosom with no changeling gale.'-p. 24.

Dr. Badham disapproves of giving the line Quid refert, &c. 'with other translators,' to the Friend. There is far more of spirit (he says) if it is read as an exclamation of Juvenal.' Granted; but indeed, the reading of the whole passage is so spirited, that we must give it a place.

All this is well, methink I hear you say,
But whence thy genius for the subject pray?
Of ancient times that stern simplicity,
Of spirit dauntless, and of utterance free?
Tho' Mutius take offence, I little care,
True, but if Tigillinus-

P. 24.

This satire ends with a strange couplet;

Be then their patience tried whose bones decay
Beneath the Latin and Flaminian way.'

To try the patience of the dead, may be a very good jest in the Doctor's circle; but will not precisely suit with Juvenal's feelings at the time. Since you will not allow me, he says, to attack the living, I will try how far I may be indulged in satirising the dead. He had no idea of making experiments upon their patience. He knew, and Dr. Badham ought to have known, that, in those suspicious times, the dead could neither be praised nor blamed with impunity, and that in forming his ultimate resolution, he was only choosing one of two perilous adventures. But thus the author's object is overlooked, or unwittingly perverted!

These are but a scantling of the errors which we have observed in the second translation of this satire. In the first he insinuated that his version was justified by the deficiencies of those already before the public; and in his second (which scarcely retains a vestige of the former) he still maintains this language, though the glaring failure might have abated his confidence. We must now proceed at a more rapid rate.

Where each with garlands on his brow.'-p. 38.

This is all we have for

-qui longa domi redimicula sumunt

Frontibus, et toto posuere manilia collo

and this is foreign from the sense. Juvenal's indignation is excited by their taking the dress and ornaments of women, the tire for the head and the neck-lace. Garlands, which announce festivity, is the worst word which inadvertence could have stumbled on. By midnight torch display'd such orgies lewd The Bapta wrought'—p. 39.

Display'd! Where did Dr. Badham learn this? not surely, in Juvenal, for he says quite the contrary.

and in this consists the resemblance to the rites of which he speaks with such abhorrence. They were secret, and they were polluted with effeminacy.-To 'work orgies' too is a fantastic expression. The Docter will say it is Persian; but let it be changed.

The retreat of Umbritius is thus described:

6

There, close to Baiæ, he shall soon explore,

Of quiet Cuma the sequester'd shore.'-p. 54.

How unlike is this tame picture to the original!

Janua Baiarum est, et gratum littus amœni
Secessus.-

Here we have a correct and spirited sketch dashed out in a few characteristic traits.

In describing the Jews who were confined to the grove of Egeria, Dr. Badham says he has omitted the basket and the bay as an unimportant feature.' Now as Juvenal evidently considered these accompaniments as the characteristic features of his description, as he distinctly and expressly points them out in two several places, it appears rather unaccountable that the Doctor should thus lightly throw them out of the text. He undertook to translate Juvenal, not to determine what was worth the reader's attention, an office for which, neither his judgment nor his learning, as far as we can see, seems to qualify him. In the sixth satire, where the hay and basket are again introduced by Juvenal, and again omitted by the Doctor, he is very keen and critical' at the expense of a former translator, who had supposed these badges of their wretched condition to be attached to the Jews of the Egerian grove (for other descriptions of them abounded in Italy) by the caprice or tyranny of the Roman government. This, he thinks very foolish; but he sees nothing improbable in translating magna arboris sacerdos, (simply chief fortune-teller of the grove,) highpriestess of that Mysterious Tree,' by which, it seems, Juvenal alludes to our first parents, and the Tree of Knowledge of good and evil in the garden of Eden!' p. 173.

Few passages are more known and admired than the beautiful description of the Egerian grotto,

Quanto præstantius esset

Numen aquæ, viridi si margine clauderet undas

Herba, nec ingenuum violarunt marmora tophum.

And of all the translations of it which we have seen, Dr. Badham's is the worst. Considering what he had before him, it is quite extraordinary that he should hazard such lines as these:

And thou, fair Spring! hadst look'd more like divine,

Did its green margin still thy wave confine,

And not a marble had the stones displaced,

Rough and unhewn, which once thy fountain graced.'-p. 58. In copying too closely, as usual, Dr. Badham, (p. 63,) like Sir Francis Wronghead in the play, cries Ah no!' when he should have said Ah yes!' It is not always safe to follow his guide elect. 'Ne'er was the client yet so lightly priz❜d: Oh say, what hopes his futile toils invite, Or what rewards his thankless cares requite? Though to the patron's ere 'tis morn, he hie, What time the Prætor bids his lictors fly,

Of Modia's cough, lest rivals in the trade,
Their kind inquiries shall have earlier made;
For what's all this, I ask, unless to see

The slave's descendant lord it o'er the free?'-p. 67.

It is well that Dr. Badham answered his own question, for we were quite at a loss, not being fortunate enough to comprehend the purport of it. We can easily see, however, that he has altogether missed the sense of his author. The loss of a client, Juvenal says, is nowhere so little felt as at Rome:-then comes the bitterness of satire. And, not to flatter ourselves, he adds, it is, in effect, of no great moment; for what can be the value of the poor man's services, when, although he rises before day, and runs to pay his respects to his patron, he finds the chief magistrates already up and gone on the same errand, and the rich and childless impatiently looking for their arrival! It would ask some penetration to discover any thing of this in the quotation, which has little of the sense, and none of the satire of the original. The last couplet is merely absurd.

In the succeeding passage Dr. Badham tells us (not certainly from Juvenal) that Metellus was a greater name than Numa.' We cannot subscribe to this classification of the Roman worthies; nor would we advise the English reader to trust too implicitly to the Doctor's historical anecdotes of this people. Marius,' he says, p. 52, 'being besieged at Præneste by Sylla, perished in endea vouring to escape by a subterraneous passage.' Marius died quietly in his bed, at Rome, and in the fulness of his power.

Dr. Badham is very bitter against poor reviewers. He has been told, he says with sly severity, that they frequently gain much ostentatious knowledge from the very authors they propose to dismember.' The Doctor is always thinking of anatomizing:but, as far as we are concerned, he is perfectly welcome to credit our account with all the knowledge' which the most ignorant could glean from such information.

In our review of the Specimen we noticed the vague idea which the author seemed to possess of the force of his words; the same defect accompanies the Translation.

Swung in his coach aloft, the rich man rides

And writes and reads by turns'---p. 74.

He could not well do either, while thus oscillating. Again,

And fans the fuel as he stalks along.' ibid.

Et cursu ventilat ignem. This it is to be in luck! There was but one improper word in the vocabulary, and the translator has hit upon it.

VOL. XI. NO. XXII.

C c

Once more,

For while old Auster keeps the house and wrings

The moisture from his wet-encumbered wings.'—p. 116. Old Auster! We never heard him so termed before. But whenever Dr. Badham interpolates his predecessor's lines, which he generally does in the vain hope of hiding his obligation, he is sure to blunder. This is the couplet which he has spoiled:

'For oft as Auster seeks his cave, and flings

The cumbrous moisture from his dripping wings.'

Here the action is appropriate to the character; and the very demon of absurdity must have beset the translator when he altered the passage. Old Auster' might wring his shirt indeed, if he had one; but to wring his wings was as little in his power, as in his thoughts.

In the fourth Satire, the person who presents the turbot to Domitian, recommends a vomit, (the usual nostrum, when a delicacy was to be swallowed.) Dr. Badham appears to think that the fisherman has mistaken the nature of the patient's case, and he therefore takes upon himself to prescribe a purge.

-relax, my liege, with haste,

Your royal bowels for this rich repast.'—p. 91.

Now, as the Doctor was not called to the consultation, we really do not see the propriety (to say nothing of the delicacy) of his altering the recipe.

By dames, at whose large breasts the sinewy child

Of an athletic sire, contented smiled.'—p. 191.

Of what child is Dr. Badham speaking? Of young Pollio surely.

Incipe, parve puer, risu cognoscere matrem, &c.

For the rest-with what exquisite taste and delicacy has the translator touched this high-polished bijou!

Sed potanda ferens infantibus ubera magnis,

Et sæpe horridior glandem ructante marito!

Still as Juvenal runs he refines. The rough and savage wife of the first ages, the husband that now turns one's stomach, (glandem ructante,) the burly infants, &c. will shortly be banished from his page, and we shall receive in their stead the sleek inmates of a snug English cottage.

And when the fading stars retiring train

Announce the end of night's declining reign.-p. 141.

The original of this couplet, in which it is proved, with great effort, that a thing may be ended while it is yet only approaching its end, is

Mox lenone suas jam dimittente puellas!