pointed at Seville, had deserved well of the country. They received the congratulations of the municipality of Cadiz, and referred to a special commission the proposition made by several members to invite the Government to indicate the means of rescuing the country from the crisis in which it is placed. The Cortes afterwards occupied themselves with sanitary measures, and with regulations relating to the laying up of provisions. The Royal Family was transferred on the 18th inst. to the Palace of the Custom House, which it is to occupy. We learn from Cadiz, under the date of the 23d ult. that the French had commeuced a close blockade of that city. They prevented all neutrals from entering; nor will they permit them to pass out with either the persons or the property of Spaniards.

A letter from Madrid, dated July 2, states, that Gen. Morillo, who commands the Constitutional Army in Gallicia, on learning that the Cortes had, at Seville, decreed the deposition of the King, addressed to his army a proclamation, in which he declared, that the army having manifested a resolution not to obey the orders of a Regency which the Cortes had installed at Seville, by depriving the Constitutional King of his powers, he (Morillo) had determined not to recognize such Regency. He professes his determination not to yield to foreign invaders. Quiroga, the CaptainGeneral of Galicia, declined entering into Morillo's views.

Letters from Corunna to the 20th ult. mention that Morillo, with 5000 men, had gone towards Lugo, owing to the events in Portugal; that another Constitutionalist corps of the same number of men was posted in the vicinity of Astorga; and that Gen. Palarea was in Asturias, with 3000 men. These letters state, that the want of arms is the only reason these corps are not immediately doubled. Campillo, Seuane, El Pastor, and Soroa, all enterprising Guerilla leaders, had also gone towards the mountains of Santander. In Corunna, very extensive fortifications were preparing, and every thing evinced a disposition to defend that place. It is calculated, that the four Guerilla Chiefs above mentioned have with them about 4000 men.

The Etoile has received a letter from Madrid, dated July 8, which contains the following:-"The garrison of Santona made a sortie on the 2nd. The enemy, to the number of about 6000 men, charged in three columns, and forced our advanced posts to retire; but they were soon stopped by two companies of the 35th and one company of the 21st regiments. The engagement became obstinate, and the enemy, protected by the fire of the forts, maintained their ground some time; at length the vigorous attacks of our troops forced GENT. MAG. July, 1823.

73

them to abandon their position, and the Spanish General Valero, arriving at this moment from Laredo with another company of the 21st regiment, the enemy were completely routed, and would have been compelled to re-embark, but for the well-maintained fire from all the batteries which protected them. Their loss may be estimated at about 50 killed and wounded. We took some prisoners. Our loss was two men of the 35th regiment killed, and eight wounded; amongst the latter is a Lieutenant of the 21st regiment."

A decree of the Madrid Regency sequestrates the personal property of all the Members of the Cortes, of the Regency at Seville, of the Ministry, &c. " who ordained the removal of the King from Seville to Cadiz, and who supplied the means to carry it into effect." The same decree declares guilty of high treason all Members of the Cortes who adhered to the act which pronounced the deposition of the King.

Bayonne papers to the 1st inst. state, that the garrisons of Pampeluna and St. Sebastian attempted sallies on the 19th, 21st, and 23d. The first did not succeed, but the latter killed about fifty of the besiegers, and forced them for a moment to raise their camp.

FRANCE.

PORTUGAL.

the

the people. On the 18th, her Majesty came to the Palace of Bemposta, to visit the King and her sons. The people took the horses from her carriage, and drew it to Bemposta. "The 23d was a day of real triumph," says a Lisbon Journal," on which their Majesties and Royal Highnesses went in solemn procession to the Church of Santa Maria Maior, to return thanks to the King of kings and Queen of Heaven, for the ineffable favours bestowed on the Sovereign and Portuguese nation, by delivering us from the most impious and execrable Government, whose sole object was to destroy to the very foundation the magnificent edifice of the Lusitanian empire. (Here follow long details of the solemnity, the triumphal arches, the military parade, illuminations, &c.) If the 23d was remarkable for its solemnity, the 24th was rendered equally memorable by the arrival of the unconquered Count Amarante, with his brave division of above 3000 men."

The Gazette contains a long Decree suppressing all Secret Societies, whatever may be their institutions or denominations, which shall never be again restored. The ground assigned is, that "the Freemasons, as well as the Carbonari, Communeros, and others of the same nature, have notoriously caused great injury to all nations; that they have multiplied extremely, and formed a conspiracy to destroy the Altar and the Throne; that the most enlightened Governments of Europe have become sensible of the necessity of averting the danger; and it is especially notorious that their influence produced the revolution in Portugal."

RUSSIA.

[July,

its force, in order to keep open communications with Macedonia. Several actions have taken place between the Turks and the insurgents in Thessaly, not to the disadvantage of the latter. Those movements have obliged Mahomet Pacha, the Turkish Commander-in-Chief, to withdraw his troops from Zeitoung and Patradigh, and evacuate the South of Thessaly. The Greeks hoped that by continuing these operations, they should oblige them to abandon the whole province. Deamanti has also made a movement from Cassandra towards Seres and Salonichi, and threatens both places, of which it would not be difficult to make himself master, if he only received some reinforcements. The accounts from Constantinople of the 13th of June say, that the Government hesitates in the adoption of energetic measures to put down the insurgents. At one time, it appears disposed to employ against them the troops stationed on the Danube, and then again to be withheld by a strange apprehension lest Russia should take advantage of their being withdrawn to attack the Turkish territory. These repeated orders and counter-orders are very prejudicial to the cause of the Porte.

AMERICA.

On the 3d of May, his Imperial Majesty the Emperor of the Brazils delivered a Speech to the Cortes, wherein that infant community is described to be in a state of rapid improvement. The revenue, it appears, has increased nearly one-third since the declaration of the independence of that valuable and extensive division of South America. The Navy already consists of one line of battle ship, three frigates, with various corvettes, brigs, &c. and the Address promises an immediate addition of five other frigates, which the Government had directed to be purchased. Agriculture and commerce are also represented to have added largely to the comforts and happiness of the people; and all the advantages which universally attend liberal institutions, seem at present to be enjoyed by that rising empire.

The Peruvians and their cause are in a bad plight their forces were totally defeated in January last by the Spanish Royalist troops under Cantara and Valdes.

New York, June 4.-A novel sight was presented yesterday in Maiden-lane, by the removal of a three-story brick house a considerable distance back from the street, entire, and without the slightest injury. This ponderous mass of brick was slowly moved up an inclined plane by the force of iron screws. So smooth and gradual was the motion, that not the slightest injury was visible; and the adequacy of the force to the object, is proved by the fact that a considerable number of people were in the house, walking about the chambers in the third story during the removal.

DOMESTIC

1823.]

IRELAND.

The South of Ireland has lately become the scene of conflicts both serious and formidable. Twenty convictions under the Insurrection Act have already taken place at the Special Session of Rathkeale and Tralee, and the culprits have been immediately carted off for embarkation.

A Cork paper states, that on Wednesday morning (2d inst.) one of those daring violations of the law, so peculiar to the lower orders of this distracted country, attended with the loss of several lives, occurred at Castlehaven, in the West of the county. The Rector of the parish, finding it impossible to obtain his tithes, submitted his case to the Bench of Magistrates, from whom he received a warrant of distress, which was entrusted to his Proctor, who, with five other men, were appointed to execute it on the parties; and a party of the Police, consisting of Lieut. Hawkshaw, four mounted and seven dismounted, were ordered to assist. Having proceeded to the ground, they seized some cattle, which the country people, who assembled in great numbers, resisted, with showers of stones. The police and constables were obliged, in their own defence, to keep up a constant fire, which was returned with vollies of stones, kept up with such determination, that the police and constables were obliged to retreat, leaving one of the police, and the proctor, killed, and several of the party wounded. The country people had two shot dead, and ten or twelve wounded; five are reported to be dangerously so. In the retreat, Lieut. Hawkshaw lost his cap, which was knocked off by a stone. On the account reaching Skibbereen, Capt. Baldwin, a Magistrate, with a party of the Rifle Brigade, and some of the police, hastened to the place. The ferocity of the country people was such, that they wedged a stone into the dead policeman's mouth, which they forced in with another! In some places the disinclination to pay tithes is such, that the lower orders have bound themselves by oath to resist.

The Commissioners of King's-town harbour have been most indefatigable in forwarding the completion of the Pillar in honour of his Majesty, and adding to its grandeur, utility, and effect. They have succeeded in erecting the great granite pillar in commemoration of our gracious Sovereign's departure from Dublin, which rises over the harbour, and measures in one solid stone sixteen feet. The column, it is intended, should be forty feet high. It is placed on the remaining part of a ridge of rocks which extended from the shore into

the interior, which are now used in making the great pier. It has an admirable effect, as the spot on which it stands is all that now remains of the great ridge. The base rests in the bosom of this old fragment, and immediately under the pillar are four great granite orbs. The appearance of the whole is very striking.

In the Court of Common Pleas, Dublin, in an action, Cuthbert v. Brown, for deceit in recommending a wife! a verdict was returned for the plaintiff-damages 800l. It was proved in evidence, that the wife imposed upon the plaintiff was the sister-inlaw of the defendant, by whom she was pregnant at the time of the marriage.

INTELLIGENCE FROM VARIOUS

PARTS OF THE COUNTRY. "Kilham, June 24, 1823.-This day a party of young men, having previously heard that numerous interesting discoveries had been made in a sand-pit near Kilham, determined to visit the place in search of Antiquities. They soon met with a considerable quantity of human bones mixed up in a confused state. An entire skeleton laid in regular order, at about three feet below the surface, with the head to the North-west, was next presented, and with it were beads of amber, and of blue and spotted glass; a large brass pin; brass clasps; iron ring; small triangular shaped brass ornaments, very thin, and a few other relics. On returning to the town, they were gratified with the sight of other articles, found near the same place a short time ago, consisting of a spear-head of iron and another piece of wrought iron, in form nearly resembling the lid of a tea-kettle, but for what purpose it has originally been intended is not known. Vast quantities of human bones have at different times been dug up at Kilham and in the neighbourhood. In the afternoon, the party walked to an artificial mount, West of Kilham, by the side of the high-road from thence to York, called "Gallows-Hill," and in appearance much resembling a tumulus; it is said to have been a place of execution, a thing which the name seems to imply. An antient Roman road crossed near the spot by the present road, runs through a plantation close by, in a direction towards Langtoft; they traced it the other way to Ruston Parva Herds, where for some distance it appears to form the division of the Lordships. The Roman roads and dikes in the neighbourhood seem to be much more numerous than have generally been supposed. Besides the one above mentioned, another runs

on

on the North side of Kilham, which is supposed to have had a connection with one on the high side of Lantoft, between that place and Weaverthorpe; the present road from Bridlington to York is there called "High-street.' At Argam, the remains of dikes may be distinctly seen: these are connected in Reighton field with others which run between Hunmanby and North Burton, towards Cansdale."

The complete carcase of a horse, in a standing posture, was lately found in Eaglesfield peat-moss, where it must have been some centuries. The animal was unshod, and, by the teeth, about four years old.

At Oxford Assizes, Mr. Justice Park, in his address to the Grand Jury, adverted to the punishment of the tread-mill, declaring his entire conviction that it had extensively diminished crime, and expressed regret that it had not been adopted in the county of Oxford. "I think," observed his Lordship, that the objections made to this mode of punishment, are unfounded; it does not prove injurious to the health of the prisoner, and I think that offenders should not be living in prison in greater luxury than those they have injured; but that they ought to be employed every moment during the period of confinement for their crimes, although every article should be afforded them which is necessary for food and cleanliness." Alluding to an important Act lately passed, respecting capital sentences, his Lordship said, "There is one Act which has made a most material alteration in my situation, and that of my brother Judges, which I think will be attended with very beneficial consequences, viz. giving the Judges the power not to pass sentence of death where they do not mean to order execution to be done on the criminal; but they are empowered to enter the sentence on the record, which will give them the opportunity of considering the subject more maturely, and will give a double impression, if it is afterwards found necessary to enforce the sentence."

An ingenious mechanic of Bath, named Crawley, is now exhibiting in the river there, and at the public baths, a Safety Jacket or Life Preserver, which is made of two sheets of common canvas so waxed as to be waterproof, and sown together in the shape of a French cuirass, and fastened over the shoulders, under the thighs, and at the sides, by straps, and inflated by means of a common beer-cock, which is carefully fixed in front, near the chin, so as to reach the mouth with the greatest facility, and which can be rendered more or less buoyant by further inflation from the breath, or by suffering the air to escape by turning the cock, which opens the valve. What renders this invention the more valuable is, its extreme portability, it being easily carried in the pocket when folded up. The exhibitor floats in

[July,

the water, the principal part of his body being above the surface; and with a small paddle directs his course according to his will.

June 7. The foundation stone of the new Church at Redcar, was laid by the Hon. Lady Turner. The procession was grand beyond any thing ever seen at Redcar. The brethren of Free-Masons, from the Lodge at Stockton, attended upon the occasion, dressed in their robes, and were accompanied by most of the nobility and gentry in Cleveland.

LONDON AND ITS VICINITY.

The Quarter's Revenue. The produce of the quarter just ended forms a striking contrast with the produce of the corresponding quarter last year. The income of the quarter ended on the 5th of July, 1822, was 12,471,000l.—of the quarter ended on the 5th of July, 1823, 11,955,100.-being a deficiency of only 516,000l. though the quarter's produce of the taxes taken off was 1,750,000l.-The charge on the Consolidated Fund, which consists chiefly of payments of the dividends, and the National Debt, amounted in the quarter ended 5th July, 1822, to 13,456,919l., and the income being only 12,471,4517. there was of course a deficiency of above 985,000l. The charge in the quarter ended the 5th of July 1823, was 10,335,000l. and the income 11,955,000l. leaving a surplus of income beyond the charge of 1,620,000l.-By the account of the Excise Duties collected last quarter, it appears there has been an increase on beer, as compared with the corresponding quarter of last year, of 62,2541.; in tobacco and snuff of 167,2551.; in glass of 41,3441.; and in wine of 34,000l.; while in spirituous liquors there is a decrease.

We understand that an issue of Double Sovereigns is about to take place from the Mint, bearing the head of his Majesty, copied from the well-known admirable bust, by Chantrey.

The Persian Minister to this country, M. M. Saulit, being about to return home, has issued an official notification from the Prince Royal of Persia, inviting all British subjects who may be disposed to emigrate, to take up their residence in his kingdom: he states, that he will, immediately on their arrival, assign them portions of land, with residences attached, and every requisite for their comfort and subsistence. The soil is very productive; the emigrants will be exempted from taxes, and the settlers will be allowed to enjoy their own religious opinions. The climate is very healthy.

July 8. This day's Gazette contains a Proclamation by the Lords of the Admiralty, abolishing, from the 1st of January next, the use of his Majesty's Union Jack in merchant ships for any purpose whatsoever, and ordering that the signal Jack to

be