50 REVIEW-Proposal for a Clerical Provident Fund. returned it to the Prince, saying, you are a brave boy, you will never suffer Silesia to be taken from you'.” On the whole, this volume may be pronounced an enlivener of the age we live in. Humour is to the mind what salt is to flesh, and the spirited publisher who consults the fall of rents and reduction of funds in his produc tions, deserves the thanks of the Philanthropic Society. We hail the notice "To be continued" on the wrapper, and confidently suggest "Omne tulit punctum" as a motto for the general title. 5. Proposal for the formation of a Clerical Provident Fund. In a Letter addressed to the Clergy of Great Britain and Ireland. By a Rector. Oxford. 8vo, pp. 15. THE inequality in the distribution of Church property, and the arbitrary disposition of the patronage of it, must inevitably subject many ecclesiasticks, however worthy in themselves, if they marry upon contingent expectations, to unmerited poverty. Sir William Scott's (Lord Stowell) Bill, sanctioned by Bishop Porteus, by creating valuable Curacies, founded upon a per-centage payment from the large Livings, would have removed the obvious evil of giving to one man claret, and another smallbeer; but it was thrown out by the miserable subterfuge of making corporate property in trust a fee simple of the annuitants in possession. The result of that Bill would have been, if aided by a clause that Curacies beyond a certain value should not be held by persons under the age of forty, that (1) young men would be deterred from marrying prematurely; and, as through patronage being limited to particular societies, and pluralities (see Dr. Yates), the chances are eight to one against an unpatronized Clergyman's obtaining a living; (2) that a prospect of comfort would have been given to the declining days of meritorious men. The beneficed Clergy, by their influence, threw out this bill, and have obtained in its stead one, which (with sincere respect for the noble Author) makes the poor Incumbent suffer in his income, whenever a manufacturer chuses to stock the parish with paupers, while the rich one keeps only a horse less. Our politicks, with regard to Church and State, cannot be mistaken, and we agree with Lord Stowell's Bill, because we think a man with 1000l. a year [July, can better afford 2001. a year to a Curate, than one of 5001. half that stipend. So however things are; and, as it is evident, in most instances, that the fault of the poor Clergy (good and amiable creatures according to our knowledge of them), is simply that of matrimony, and having large families, a natural consequence of temperate living, we are glad to hail any plan for securing them and their families a provision. The Author before us (pp. 4, 5), divides the Clergy into-1. Large Incomists, who can insure their lives; 2. Contingent Incomists, as Schoolmasters and Authors (of whom by the way, there are not twenty who get 50l. per ann. by it); and, 3. Drudging Curates (hyperbolical) in twenty-four hours a day duty. In service of the two last classes, he proposes a Clerical Provident Fund, founded upon proportionate, but universal contributions from all the Clergy. We have seen plans, by which trifling sums periodically paid by a day-labourer, will, by the aid of compound interest, pay such labourer, after sixty years of age, an annuity of 201. per ann.; and we doubt not, but with the aid of an able Actuary, from an insurance office, a scheme may be formed, which the Hierarchy ought, and we trust will patronize energetically. Our worthy Author (p. 13) observes, "that it is inconsistent with a highminded character to resort for relief to the clerical charities." High-mindedness in any kind of life-annuitants with large families! Do men of similar situations in all ranks, and the higher Clergy themselves, neglect any opportunity of serving their children? Has this high-mindedness occasioned no complaints of obtaining admissions into Christ's Hospital, or exhibitions from Grammar or Public Schools! or handsome presents from opulent patrons, &c. But as to the Charities, according to our knowledge of them, they are not given to Clergymen, as such, for instance, not to Bachelor Clergymen, but to unbenificed Clergymen with large families, so that in fact the donation is to supply deficiency of income, in regard to the latter burden. Now we know, that high-minded and prudent men have been, by taking a small living, in a desolate situation, where any modes of ameliorating income were impracticable; and then marrying, 1923.] REVIEW.-Orange System exposed. Retrospective Review. marrying, have been utterly ruined, and 6. The Orange System exposed, and the herence to the Protestant succession on the throne, a passage marked in italicks as reprehensible! and the Vice-roy is called upon to reprobate, as unconstitutional, seditious, &c. connection of the Protestant Religion with the Crown. We know, that on the Continent a scheme has been broached for making the Catholick the grand universal esta blished Religion, and all the divisions of Protestantism mere sects, in kind condescension to be tolerated only. We however apprehend that with regard to Great Britain, such a project will not even be agitated in a lunatick asylum, much more in our Houses of Parliament, or the Privy Council, 7. The Retrospective Review, Nos. 12, and 13. C. Baldwin. OUR Retrospective friends continue to apply the principles of the Humane Society to deceased Literature. The two Numbers before us contain a valuable body of History, in the memoirs of Philip de Comines, and the biographies of Weldon, Sully, Laud, Chillingworth, and North, appertaining to the reigns of Edward IV. Elizabeth, 51 James I. Charles II. and the Civil Wars. The poems of John Shelton present us with a curious contemporary portrait of Wolsey. For works of humour, there are Coryate's Crudities, an Essay on the Prolongation of Life, the Lives of Radcliffe the physician, and Everett the highwayman, and Sir Thomas Urquhart's jewel. Walton's Angler, we regret, has obtained only a patch" of space, while the adventures of Peter Wilkins are favoured Cases and the Slave Trade is one of with sixty pages. The article on Las historical justice, and fully refutes the misrepresentations of Robertson; WebWorks, form the poetical department. ster's Plays, and Carew's and Skelton's tical age, to take leave of a book withAs it is impossible, in this hypercriout an objection, we think that to insert "the Life of Bishop Latimer as compiled from Fox's Book of Martyrs," was worse than useless to the tran scriber, and not quite fair to the rea der; our evangelical divines having favoured the world with many cheap res prints of that extensive work. The reviewer complains that "Peter Wilkins" is neglected,-why? Because is a rational work, always keeping so it is entirely a fiction. Robinson Crusoe close to probability as to create a real interest. Peter Wilkins is a vulgar fairy tale, without the piquancy of ro mance, or the reason of a novel. He complains also, at p. 137, of the "egregious wrong" which "the Ancients, and more particularly the Athenians, have suffered from some of our contemporaries." We fancy he alludes to Mr. Mitford, and, if so, cannot congratulate him on the justice of the remark. 8. A Familiar Treatise on the Disorders of the Stomach and Bowels, Bilious and Nervous Affections, with an attempt to correct many prevalent Errors in Diet, Exercise, &c. being an Exposition of the most approved means for the Improvement and Preservation of Health. By Geo. Shipman, M. R. C. Surg. 8vo. pp. 172. WE have all heard of the Gourmand, who said, that a Goose was an awkward bird, as it was too much for one, and not enough for two; but we really think that the excess of the fashionable table is full as great, and resembles more the store laid before a fatting animal, in order that it may soon 50 REVIEW-Proposal for a Clerical Provident Fund. returned it to the Prince, saying, you are a brave boy, you will never suffer Silesia to be taken from you"." On the whole, this volume may be pronounced an enlivener of the age we live in. Humour is to the mind what salt is to flesh, and the spirited publisher who consults the fall of rents and reduction of funds in his produc tions, deserves the thanks of the PhiJanthropic Society. We hail the notice "To be continued" on the wrapper, and confidently suggest "Omne tulit punctum" as a motto for the general title. 5. Proposal for the formation of a Clerical Provident Fund. In a Letter addressed to the Clergy of Great Britain and Ireland. By a Rector. Oxford. 8vo, pp. 15. THE inequality in the distribution of Church property, and the arbitrary disposition of the patronage of it, must inevitably subject many ecclesiasticks, however worthy in themselves, if they marry upon contingent expectations, to unmerited poverty. Sir William Scott's (Lord Stowell) Bill, sanctioned by Bishop Porteus, by creating valuable Curacies, founded upon a per-centage payment from the large Livings, would have removed the obvious evil of giving to one man claret, and another smallbeer; but it was thrown out by the miserable subterfuge of making corporate property in trust a fee simple of the annuitants in possession. The result of that Bill would have been, if aided by a clause that Curacies beyond a certain value should not be held by persons under the age of forty, that (1) young men would be deterred from marrying prematurely; and, as through patronage being limited to particular societies, and pluralities (see Dr. Yates), the chances are eight to one against an unpatronized Clergyman's obtaining a living; (2) that a prospect of comfort would have been given to the declining days of meritorious men. beneficed Clergy, by their influence, threw out this bill, and have obtained in its stead one, which (with sincere respect for the noble Author) makes the poor Incumbent suffer in his income, whenever a manufacturer chuses to stock the parish with paupers, while the rich one keeps only a horse less. Our politicks, with regard to Church and State, cannot be mistaken, and we agree with Lord Stowell's Bill, because we think a man with 10007, a year The [July, can better afford 2001. a year to a Curate, than one of 5001. half that stipend. So however things are; and, as it is evident, in most instances, that the fault of the poor Clergy (good and amiable creatures according to our knowledge of them), is simply that of matrimony, and having large families, a natural consequence of temperate living, we are glad to hail any plan for securing them and their families a provision. The Author before us (pp. 4, 5), divides the Clergy into-1. Large Incom ists, who can insure their lives; 2. Contingent Incomists, as Schoolmasters and Authors (of whom by the way, there are not twenty who get 50l. per ann. by it); and, 3. Drudging Curates (hyperbolical) in twenty-four hours a day duty. In service of the two last classes, he proposes a Clerical Provident Fund, founded upon proportionate, but universal contributions from all the Clergy. We have seen plans, by which trifling sums periodically paid by a day-labourer, will, by the aid of compound interest, pay such labourer, after sixty years of age, an annuity of 201. per unn.; and we doubt not, but with the aid of an able Actuary, from an insurance office, a scheme may be formed, which the Hierarchy ought, and we trust will patronize energetically. Our worthy Author (p. 13) observes, "that it is inconsistent with a highminded character to resort for relief to the clerical charities." High-mindedness in any kind of life-annuitants with large families! Do men of similar situations in all ranks, and the higher Clergy themselves, neglect any opportunity of serving their children? Has this high-mindedness occasioned no complaints of obtaining admissions into Christ's Hospital, or exhibitions from Grammar or Public Schools! or handsome presents from opulent patrons, &c. But as to the Charities, according to our knowledge of them, they are not given to Clergymen, as such, for instance, not to Bachelor Clergymen, but to unbenificed Clergymen with large families, so that in fact the donation is to supply deficiency of income, in regard to the latter burden. Now we know, that high-minded and prudent men have been, by taking a small living, in a desolate situation, where any modes of ameliorating income were impracticable; and then marrying, 1923 REVIEW.Orange System exposed. Retrospective Review. marrying, have been utterly ruined, and seen their children day-labourers. This shocking incident was forced upon them by mere circumstances, and the operation of laws which precluded removal or relief by incompatible avocations. Now would not any man of common sense, accept of services for his children, which his profession positively prevents his otherwise duly providing for in any other way. 6. The Orange System exposed, and the Orange Societies proved to be unconstitu tional, illegal, and seditious, in a Letter to the Marquess Wellesley. 8vo, pp. 91. WHEN great public questions are agitated, great factions will naturally arise, but of whatever description they may be, Government, through its organ, the Magistracy, has to see the peace preserved, and there to stop, for it has nothing to do with differences of opinions, unless they are exhibited in illegal action. The Pamphlet before us is, in our opinion, therefore improperly addressed to the Lord Lieutenant. His duty is to see the laws administered, not to have a bias, or commit himself in his public character; for what is the oath, which an Orangeman takes (see p. 13 seq.), but ad herence to the Protestant succession on James I. Charles II. and the Civil Wars. The poems of John Shelton present us with a curious contemporary portrait of Wolsey. For works of humour, there are Coryate's Crudities, an Essay on the Prolongation of Life, the Lives of Radcliffe the physician, and Everett the highwayman, and Sir Thomas Urquhart's jewel. Walton's Angler, we regret, has obtained only a patch" of space, while the adventures of Peter Wilkins are favoured Cases and the Slave Trade is one of with sixty pages. The article on Las historical justice, and fully refutes the misrepresentations of Robertson; Webster's Plays, and Carew's and Skelton's Works, form the poetical department. tical age, to take leave of a book with As it is impossible, in this hypercriout an objection, we think that to insert the Life of Bishop Latimer as compiled from Fox's Book of Martyrs," was worse than useless to the tran scriber, and not quite fair to the rea voured the world with many cheap re der; our evangelical divines having fa prints of that extensive work. The reviewer complains that "Peter Wil kins" is neglected,-why? Because is a rational work, always keeping so it is entirely a fiction. Robinson Crusoe close to probability as to create a real interest. Peter Wilkins is a vulgar fairy tale, without the piquancy of ro mance, or the reason of a novel. He complains also, at p. 137, of the "egregious wrong" which the Ancients, and more particularly the Athenians, have suffered from some of our con the throne, a passage marked in italicks 7. The Retrospective Review, Nos. 12, and 13. C. Baldwin. OUR Retrospective friends continue to apply the principles of the Humane Society to deceased Literature. The two Numbers before us contain a valuable body of History, in the memoirs of Philip de Comines, and the biographies of Weldon, Sully, Laud, Chillingworth, and North, appertaining to the reigns of Edward IV. Elizabeth, temporaries." We fancy he alludes to Mr. Mitford, and, if so, cannot congratulate him on the justice of the remark. A Familiar Treatise on the Disorders of the Stomach and Bowels, Bilious and Nervous Affections, with an attempt to correct many prevalent Errors in Diet, Exercise, &c. being an Exposition of the most approved means for the Improvement and Preservation of Health. By Geo. Shipman, M. R. C. Surg. 8vo. pp. 172. WE have all heard of the Gourmand, who said, that a Goose was an awkward bird, as it was too much for one, and not enough for two; but we really think that the excess of the fashionable table is full as great, and resembles more the store laid before a fatting animal, in order that it may soon 52 REVIEW.-Shipman's Treatise.-Letter to Lord Hollund. [July, soon become fit for the butcher, than that more elegant supply of nature, which obtains among rational beings, who make of meals sociable things. "How often (says Mr. Shipman) do we find persons commencing the daily subsistence at ten in the morning, which meal will consist of no moderate quantity of animal food, with coffee, toast, &e.; at one or two a luncheon, also consisting of meat; at five or six dinner is sent up, consisting of the various articles before mentioned; nine tea and coffee; after which some persons take supper; there can be no wonder at the frequency of the malady, upon which I am treating, when such unnatural habits (if I may be allowed the term) are persisted in." 1 p. 78. Animal food once a day is certainly sufficient; but such a degree of luxurious living now prevails in the great cities, that the young men become bloated at thirty. Now, if they have not more command over themselves, and will not be reformed, we heartily wish, as a smaller evil than permanent Gout or Liver complaints, that their Medical men would put them upon the horse-meal, an ingenious invention of Mr. Shipman's, with which we have been highly delighted. An Englishman's paradise is his dinner, with the social hour or two after it; but, as the object of all punishment is reform, Mr. Shipman shows how easily it may be rendered a means of moral punishment, and preservation of bodily health. upon "One prevailing custom, amongst almost every class of persons is, that of drinking with their dinner a pint or more of fluid, and perhaps as much when the repast is finished; this is very deleterious, and the following principle is the objection founded: a certain fluid before described (gastric juice) exists in the stomach, by which digestion is performed; then is it not a natural inference, that when this fluid becomes diluted with a pint of water, or any other beverage, the activity of it must be so far diminished as to retard the performance allotted to it? When I have advanced this regulation for certain cases requiring it, I have been answered, Why, Sir, that is making a horse's meal;'-the fact is, were persons to follow the dictates of nature, a horse's meal, as it is termed, would always be made. On taking a survey of the whole of the animal creation, we shall not find one species, except mankind, that will drink immediately on eating, but will lie down a short time, and rise for the purpose of drinking." pp. 62, 63. The following remarks cannot be too popular. "In the majority of cases, the desire for food diminishes as the digestion becomes impaired, and in a more advanced state, no disposition for taking nourishment is experienced; then it is that great mischief is done by the ignorance of nurses, who, from the best of motives, no doubt, persuade the patient to take a variety of messes, with the idea that he must eat to keep up his strength; probably at this time the secretions of the stomach are so deficient in quantity, or defective in quality, as to be incapable of digesting, in a healthy manner, six ounces of aliment in twenty-four hours: what good, then, can arise from the superfluous quantity? no benefit of course, but a great degree of mischief.” p. 145. Mr. Shipman's book contains many useful hints; and in some of his cases we think that he is entitled to great credit. 9. A Letter to Lord Holland on the Review of Napoleon in Exile in the 55th Number of the Quarterly Review. 8vo. pp, 56. OPINIONS concerning the treatment of Buonaparte in exile will vary according to the light in which his character is viewed. If he be considered as a hero, a patriot (we mean a Roman, not an English one), a philosopher sublime and disinterested, the treatment reasonably to be expected is that which Louis XVIII. received in this country, and which we doubt not but Buonaparte himself required and expected. If, on the other hand, he is regarded as a mere organ of national ambition, exceedingly dangerous from high military talents, every advocate for the prosperity of this nation, (which prosperity is intimately connected with its independence, and of course wealth and commerce,) will see, that a system of the strictest surveillance was indispensable; and that no situation could be so proper for such a purpose as the one to which the Exile was consigned. In the eyes of men of business, he was a sort of political mad-dog, which if he could not be killed, was at least to be chained. His talents and personal good qualities (for he had these) were foreign to the question, and his own satisfaction could not be consulted, for that implied extreme danger to others. However, he would not view the subject in its real bearing, and throws obloquy on the members of Government, precisely because they acted as he himself would have done |