Infertility in the Modern World: Present and Future Prospects

Portada
Gillian R. Bentley, C. G. Nicholas Mascie-Taylor
Cambridge University Press, 30 nov 2000 - 264 páginas
As we enter the twenty-first century, a number of medical, environmental, and social changes have profoundly affected human reproduction. This book discusses some of the more dramatic changes in an accessible manner, illustrating the ways in which human biology and culture can affect fertility. It provides a unique interdisciplinary perspective on the subject. Topics of discussion include medical technological advances that equip us with potential cures for many causes of infertility; diseases, such as AIDS, that have a devastating impact on the reproductive and social lives of humans; increasing industrialization and the development of fabricated materials that pollute our environment in unforeseen ways with possibly devastating effects on human health and fertility; and social revolutions that profoundly alter human relationships, such as nonmarital unions between heterosexual couples, same-sex relationships, and adoption and surrogacy.
 

Índice

Introduction
1
Biomedical perspectives on fertility
15
Reproductive possibilities for infertile couples present and future
17
Introduction
18
Ovarian stimulation
20
In vitro fertilization IVFintracytoplasmic sperm injection 1CSI
23
Immature sperm conception
25
Egg donation and surrogacy
28
Other male reproductive health problems
126
Xenoestrogens and female reproductive health
132
Human fertility
134
Conclusion
135
Acknowledgements
137
From STD epidemics to AIDS a socio demographic and epidemiological perspective on subSaharan Africa
153
The social and historical context
156
Sterility
161

Embryo culture
30
Assisted hatching
31
Cryopreservation
32
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis PGD
34
Cytoplasmic donation and mitochondrial DNA mDNA transfer
37
Fertility preservation
39
Conclusion
41
Genetic influences on human infertility
46
Introduction
47
Infertility due to maternalfetal red cell compatibility
49
Infertility associated with maternal fetal HLA comp atibility
51
Specific genetic disorders causing primary infertility
53
Treatment of individuals with genetically determined infertility
64
Conclusions
69
Acknowledgements
72
References
73
Environmental influences on fertility
83
Environmental pollutants and fertility
85
Introduction
86
Xenobiotics
87
wildlife studies
96
observations on humans
101
Decreasing sperm counts in humans
104
AIDS and infertility
172
Tackling the epidemics
178
Acknowledgements
180
Social perspectives on infertility
187
Voluntary childlessness trends and implications
189
Demographic trends in childlessness in Britain
191
childlessness in other industrialized countries
195
Factors associated with childlessness
198
Defining voluntary childlessness
201
summary of the qualitative study
205
Values and childlessness
224
Policy implications and conclusions
229
References
234
Sexual orientation and fertility
238
Introduction
239
Early estimates of the numbers of lesbian mothers gay fathers and their children
241
Recent estimates of the numbers of lesbian mothers gay fathers and their children
245
Estimates based on the National Health and Social Life Survey
248
Conclusions
256
References
259
Index
261
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