108. JENNER'S PETITION TO PARLIAMENT The discovery of vaccination, apart from its imm to mankind, may be said to mark an epoch in the disease by means of anti-toxins. Jenner reached 1 happy observation and not by a grasp of the princip yet he hit upon a method of mitigating disease— use of attenuated virus-which has been successful the treatment of other maladies during the last plain and fair statement of his services is cont petition to parliament for financial aid-(A). £30,000, in separate grants of £10,000 and £: Jenner was, naturally, loaded with scientific hor form of degrees, votes of thanks, letters of congrat A more remarkable sign of appreciation than any the string of wampum which the Five Nations of I him. The gift is explained by the accompanying i SOURCE.-Petition to Parliament. Jenner (1749-1823). Baron's Life of Jenner. London, 1838. A, vol. i., p ii., p. 102. (4) To the Honourable the Commons of the Unite of Great Britain and Ireland, in Parliament ass The humble Petition of EDWard Jenner, Doctor ‹ SHEWETH, That your petitioner having discovered that a di occasionally exists in a particular form among cattle the name of the cow-pox, admits of being inocula human frame with the most perfect ease and safe attended with the singularly beneficial effect of through life the persons so inoculated perfectly secur infection of the small-pox. That your petitioner after a most attentive and investigation of the subject, setting aside conside private and personal advantage, and anxious to pr safety and welfare of his countrymen and of mankind did not wish to conceal the discovery he so made on of conducting this new species of inoculation, but im losed the whole to the public; and by communic I, therefore, Brothers, at his request, and in his name, present this book to the Five Nations, as a token of his regard for you and your rising generation, by which many valuable lives may be preserved from that most dreadful pestilence, the small-pox. (Signed) W. CLAUS, D.S.G.I.A. Speech of the Five Nations, assembled in Council at Fort George, in Upper Canada, to Dr. Jenner, London, on the 8th of November, 1807. Brother! Our Father has delivered to us the book you sent to instruct us how to use the discovery which the Great Spirit made to you, whereby the small-pox, that fatal enemy of our tribes, may be driven from the earth. We have deposited your book in the hands of the man of skill whom our great Father employs to attend us when sick or wounded. We shall not fail to teach our children to speak the name of Jenner; and to thank the Great Spirit for bestowing upon him so much wisdom and so much benevolence. We send with this a belt and string of Wampum, in token of our acceptance of your precious gift; and we beseech the Great Spirit to take care of you in this world and in the land of spirits. Signed by two representatives of each of the Five Nations, 109. A SPIRITED STATE PAPER (1805). England's share in the general European contest which arose from the French Revolution was not of Pitt's seeking. Months after Louis XVI. fell1 and the Republic was established2 he favoured a neutral policy. Eventually the regicide, the wishes of George III., and popular excitement forced his hand, but the declaration of war in 1793 was against his judgment and his preferences. He saw in the light of a calamity what his father would have welcomed as a splendid opportunity. This was at the outset. When committed to the fight he showed great vigour, and endured bravely the reverses which English arms suffered by land. After the Peace of Amiens admirers called him "the pilot that weather'd the storm," and on the renewal of hostilities no one could question that his rightful place was at the head of English affairs. Mack's surrender to Napoleon 2 21st Sept., 1792. 1 10th August, 1792. destroy his courage. (Ulm, Oct. 17, 1805) preceded Trafalgar by four days, and dealt Pitt a blow from which, even after receiving word of Nelson's final victory, he never recovered. Still it did not The following anonymous despatch, though it proceeded technically from Lord Mulgrave and the Foreign Office, bears every sign of the Prime Minister's own hand. None of his subordinates commanded such eloquence, and, with public business in a critical state, he may well have taken upon himself the draft of instructions to Sir Arthur Paget, British Minister at Vienna. SOURCE.-Despatch to Sir Arthur Paget.1 William Pitt (1759-1806), for Lord Mulgrave. Although no Official Dispatches have yet been received, nor any more authentic accounts than can be collected from the French Official Publications in the Moniteur, sufficient information has arrived through that channel to remove all doubt of the Surrender of the Fortress of Ulm, and of a Capitulation having been signed by General Mack by which that officer, with the whole force under his immediate command, are become Prisoners of War. Various other Accounts of Disaster and Discomfiture have been published under the same authority. It is most probable that much exaggeration has been used in the Accounts given of the nature and extent of the events which have taken place, and that the true and accurate statements which may be daily expected to arrive from Vienna will give a more favourable aspect to the general result of the operations which have marked the Commencement of the War on the Continent. I have, however, received the King's Commands to communicate to you without delay, the Sentiments entertained by His Majesty with respect to the favourable prospects which still remain of an early change of circumstances, even if the successes of the enemy should prove to have been carried to the full extent of their own statements. His Majesty places the fullest reliance on the Energy and 1 This despatch is taken from the Austrian Papers belonging to the Foreign Office, but preserved in the Record Office. It is printed from the original MS. Fortitude of His Imperial Majesty, and looks with Confidence to the great exertions which the Powerful Resources of the hardy and warlike Population of the Austrian Dominions may immediately afford, in conjunction with the Armies of Russia. These to the amount of an Hundred and Forty Thousand Men (exclusive of the Force at Stralsund) were from the Beginning destined for active operations in Germany. The first Army, consisting of above Fifty Thousand Men, is stated to have already joined the Austrian Forces on the Inn, and the remainder may, at no distant period, be expected to arrive at the scene of Action. In addition to this powerful Force His Majesty trusts that the favourable Disposition of the Court of Berlin may enable the Emperor of Russia to move forward another Body of Forty Thousand Men, which it had been originally intended to leave as an Army of Observation on the Frontier of Lithuania. This Corps may possibly, under the present circumstances, be moved forward to the immediate Aid of Austria, especially as the Emperor of Russia will probably find no difficulty in replacing it very speedily by an equal force from Russia. His Majesty on His part sees with the most lively Interest the Fortitude with which the Court of Vienna has encountered the first impetuous Exertions of the Enemy, and His Majesty will leave no means untried, which the period of the Season and the nature of Maritime Operations will permit, to create a diversion favourable to the Allies. Nothing but the Prevalence of contrary winds has retarded the sailing of 12,000 British and Hanoverian Troops, which have been for some time embarked in the Downs, for the purpose of landing in the Elbe, and co-operating with the Russian and Swedish Forces, and any others which may be collected in that Quarter. A large additional British Force is also prepared, and in the greatest forwardness, which will be ready to be used to the best advantage according to the Intelligence which is daily expected from the Continent, of the views and Motions of Prussia. 1 The King has already sent Lord Harrowby, one of His Cabinet Ministers, to negotiate the Alliance of the Court of Berlin, and to urge the early activity of the Prussian Armies. There seems at present every reason to hope that this Mission will be effectual, and should the King of Prussia be prevailed upon to act, Saxony and Hesse (and perhaps Denmark) 2 will 1 Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. 2" (and perhaps Denmark)" crossed out in the Draft. |