The Geological Evolution of South Africa

accumulated Agulhas alkaline argillaceous bands basalts basement Beaufort Bokkeveld Bushveld Complex Cainozoic CALIFORNIA/SANTA Cape Town carbonatite chert coarse conglomerate contain continental Cretaceous deposits developed diamictite Dolomite Dwyka dykes east Ecca evidence facies fault fauna folding Formation fossils fragments geol geology geosyncline glacial gneisses Goldfield Gondwana Gondwanaland granite greenstone greywacke Group horizons Insuzi intrusive phase Johannesburg Jurassic Kaapvaal craton Kalahari Karoo kimberlite lavas limestones lower mafic magma Malmani Dolomite Malmesbury margin material Mesozoic metamorphism metamorphosed million minerals mobile belts Mountainland Namaqualand Natal northern Cape Ocean outcrop overlying plate plate tectonic Pleistocene plutons Precambrian present Pretoria Province quartzite Rand Reef represent Richtersveld ridge River rock types sands sandstones schists sea-level sedimentary sediments sequence shales South Africa South West Africa southern Africa strata stratigraphic structure surface tectonic thick Trans Transvaal unconformity unit upper Ventersdorp volcanics Vredefort Dome Waterberg Witteberg Witwatersrand younger zone Zululand