His daily temper depended not a little upon his favourite horse, whom he used to feed out of his own hand, and ordered to be led out before him every morning. If the animal neighed, or replied to his caresses with any signs of pleasure, his countenance brightened; but the insensibility of the horse was generally followed by the dejection of the master. The tomb of Alfieri in the Santa Croce, is one of the least successful productions of Canova. The whole monument is heavy, and projects itself into the aisle of the church more prominently than becomes the associate of the more modest but richer sepulchres of Michael Angelo and Machiavelli. The colossal Cybele of Italy weeping over a medallion in low relief, shews the difficulty of doing justice to the mourner and the monument. The next dissertation into which the author plunges, is upon the river Clitumnus, its God, and Temple. He justly notices the ignorance and impositions of the generality of Italian antiquarians, and conducts us to Rome, the exhaustless theatre of theory and fraud in this traffic. Time, earthquakes, inundations, and the zeal of Catholicism, have all contributed to the destruction of ancient Rome. The tomb of the Scipios is a mere matter for conjecture! What a lesson for Glory? The last mentioned source of ruin to the monuments of antiquity produced many strange as well as lamentable effects. The period at which the sepulchres were emptied of their ashes must have been, first, that in which the Christians prowled about in every quarter for relics, and thought a church could not be consecrated without such a recommendation. Eight and twenty cart loads of relics could not be procured for the Pantheon, without some diligence, and damage to the repositories of the pretended saints; and we know that the eagerness of the search extended to sepulchres where the symbols of martyrdom were very equivocal, or not to be discovered at all The urns and sarcophagi, when of precious materials, were without scruple transported from their site, and emptied for the reception of purer ashes. Two of the popes, Innocent II. and Clement XII. repose in the marbles which, if they did not before receive the bones of Hadrian and Agrippa, were certainly constructed for heathen tenants; and the examples are innumerable of meaner Christians, whose remains are enveloped in the symbols of paganism. It should be recollected that the mythological sculpture on sarcophagi was continued long after the introduction of Christianity, and that when the relations of a defunct went to a repository to select a tomb, they were not scrupulous about the emblems, or were ignorant what they represented. A bishop, The Scipios' tomb contains no ashes now. whose stone coffin is seen in the Basilica Ossa Agrippinæ. M. Agrippa. But with these letters, in large characters, tion. amused, as well he might, at a bull of Peter Damian's in describing the fate of the anti-pope John at the end of the tenth century: who had his eyes bored out, his ears cut off, and his tongue also cut off, and being then put on an ass, with his face to the tail, which he held in his hand, was paraded about Rome, and obliged to exclaim, 'Such is the deserving punishment of him who endeavours to expel the Pope of Rome from his seat.'"--A tolerable long speech for a man without a tongue! Not pressing that reprehension which the beginning of the following extract merits for its derogatory allusion to religion, we think it otherwise deserv ing of selection: The ceremonies of a religion must, except where they are sanguinary, be considered the most harmless part of it: if, however, Mr. Hobhouse discusses many other our notions of primitive Christianity be at questions connected with the antiqui-all correct, nothing can so little resemble it as the present worship at St. Peter's. A ties of Rome, of great interest to every noisy school for children in one corner; a classic mind; and it is but doing him sermon preached to a moveable audience in justice to say that the subject loses another; a concert in this chapel; a cerenone of its attractions under his pen. mony, half interrupted by the distant sounds of the same music, in another But in the very natural desire to do as much as possible, he occasionally falls quarter; a ceaseless crowd sauntering along the nave, and circulating through all the into the error of doing more than aisles; listeners and gazers walking, sitting, enough. For example (page 218,) kneeling; some rubbing their foreheads enumerating the good and great, com- against the worn toes of the bronze St. memorated in the Forum of Trajan, by Peter, others smiling at them; confessors statues erected to their memory, he in boxes absolving penitents; lacquey des not only particularizes those who ob- places expounding pictures; and all these tained this honour, but goes on to individual objects and actions lost under an artificial heaven, whose grandeur and whose fancy as many others as his reading beauties delight and distract the eye. Such suggests, who " may have been asso- is the interior of this glorious edifice-the ciated with the meaner names,” This is mall of Rome. His present Holiness, talkone way of illustrating ancient ruins, ing to an Englishman of the church of but we cannot say that we approve Rome, said to him, You are good Catholics in your country; here it is all talk' (grido.) of it! We must omit any analysis of the author's disquisitions on the Tarpeian Rock, now difficult to be ascertained, like "the seven hills" on which Rome once stood, but which have disappeared; the Capitol, Coliseum, Pantheon, &c.; and the notices on the Romans of the middle ages, which relate chiefly to the celebrated Rienzi, whose character and exploits are fully treated by Gibbon. We find not much of novelty in these statements, though they shew a good deal of acuteness and diligent research. Muratori is quoted as being much This Pope, it appears, is in a fair way to be sainted, for when he Returned to Rome in 1814, the people went out to meet him with palms in their hands, and bearing full-length portraits of him, which is an honour never permitted except to the Beati, on their road to an apotheosis. Shortly after the happy event, water and missions, that is, sermons in the the city was solemnly lustrated by holy streets to purge away the contagion of the French. These missions preach the burning of profane books, and encourage the discipline of pious whippings as a penance to the faithful. A short account is given of these extraordinary exercises, as they are at this hour administered in the oratory of the Padre Caravita, and in another church at Rome. vespers. The ceremony takes place at the time of | It is preceded by a short exhortation, during which a bell rings, and whips, that is, knotted strings of whipcord, are distributed quietly among such of the audience as are on their knees in the middle of the nave. Those resting on the benches come to edify by example only. On a second bell, the candles are extinguished, and the former sermon having ceased, a loud voice issues from the altar, which pours forth an exhortation to think of unconfessed, or unrepented, or unforgiven crimes. This continues a sufficient time to allow the kneelers to strip off their upper garments: the tone of the preacher is raised more loudly at every word, and he vehemently exhorts his hearers to recollect that Christ and the martyrs suffered much more than whipping,—' shew, then, your penitence-shew your sense of Christ's sacrifice-shew it with the whip. The flagellation begins. The darkness, the tumultuous sounds of blows in every direction- Blessed Virgin Mary! pray for us!' bursting out at intervals-the persuasion that you are surrounded by atrocious culprits and maniacs, who know of an absolution for every crime; the whole situation has the effect of witchery, and so far from exciting a smile, fixes you to the spot in a trance of restless horror, prolonged beyond expectation or bearing. The scourging continues ten or fifteen minutes, and when it sounds as if dying away, a bell rings, which seems to invigorate the penitents, for the lashes beat about more quickly than before. Another bell rings, and the blows subside. At a third signal the candles are relighted, and the minister who has distributed the disciplines, collects them again with the same discretion; for the performers, to do them justice, appear to be too much ashamed of their transgressions to make a show of their penance, so that it is very difficult to say whether your next neighbour has given himself the lash or not. The incredulous or the humorist must not suppose that the darkness favours evasion. There can be no pleasantry in doing that which no one sees, and no merit can be assumed where it is not known who accepts the disciplines. The flagellation certainly does take place on the naked skin; and this ferocious superstition, of which antiquity can furnish no example, has, after being once dropt, been revived as a salutary corrective of an age of atheism. Notwithstanding Mr. Hobhouse's testimony, we think it would be a manifest improvement if every flagellant were to lash his neighbour instead of himself: the penance would then be undoubted, and none could halt in their honest resolutions, as Sancho Panza did when he substituted the bark of the cork-tree for his own immaculate hide. It is, however, melancholy to hear of such gross fooleries being revived. Even in 1250, about which time flagel lation, as an act of piety, was invented, | account of new publications before our ence. WOMAN. A Poem. By Eaton Stannard Barrett, Esq. 12mo. pp. 121. Mr. Barrett in his preface reminds us of a widower, for he tells us that he had tried the same subject (woman) before, but failed of success, and was now determined to put his fate upon another chance. We think him a thriving wooer, and if the gallantry which this poem displays should fail in procuring him perfect favour from male critics, he has little to fear but that the mortification will be compensated by the approbation of that sex which he seems most ambitious to of Mr. Hobhouse, although in the latter From our extracts and remarks, we * Alfieri in his last moments agreed to see a priest. When he called, he said to him with uncommon affability, "Have the kindness to look four and twenty hours." The ecclesiastic rein to-morrow; I trust that death will wait for turned next day. Alfieri was sitting in his armchair, and said, " At present, I fancy, I have but a few minutes to spare. He begged that the he saw her, he exclaimed, "Clasp my hand, my Countess might be brought in, and the moment dear friend, I die!" please. The piece opens with an original and poetical tribute to the Princess Charlotte. The mode of introducing this posthumous address is novel, and executed with great felicity. The Bard proceeds to contrast the rough and often anti-social attributes of the masculine character, with the amiable and domestic beauties of the softer race, and paints, with the sentiment of an enthusiast, the distinguishing virtues of womankind. We quote one passage as a specimen : To guard that Virtue, to supply the place ceal, A little further on, having inflamed his Muse by dwelling on many other female qualities and accomplishments, the author thus apostrophizes: O Woman, whose great Author bade the worst This is a very pretty thought, and we hasten to match it by a fresh and | or "authentic" in ghost tales, in our | the most attractive vallies, and over the animated picture of pastoral life: - Then, Muse, remove To rural homes, and sing their virtuous love. preceding extract? Yet the same writer speaks of "immeasurable mains," a word never employed in the plural to the ocean, whatever it may be to cocks and coals; of primroses fattening upon blood; of binding the wound we plant; and of unblunted gleam;-these passages surely For whetted scythe, the milk pail and the share; require correction. There are perhaps And haste where lark and zephyr, rill and bee, While clattered plates, and roots in hurry peeled, Announce her goodman trudging from the field. This strain is continued at greater length than we can spare room to quote it, and, painting the evening frolics, assumes something of the style of Crabbe: Now they replenish pleasant cups, and tell A struggle yielded soon, and pleased complains. These extracts will enable our readers to appreciate the talent of Mr. Barrett, and we have only to add, in the way of eulogy, that two affecting episodes are introduced; one of them the history of Caroline, a victim of seduction, and the other a less fatal love-tale of Connal and Ella. We have still however another part, and that the least grateful, of our task to perform: it is to notice what we dislike in this production. We dislike, then, a certain intermixture of the most sacred subjects with what are of a lighter nature. We do not mean to say profanely, or even irreverently, but we think injudiciously and improperly intermixed. The allusion to the traitorous kiss of Judas (page 34) will exemplify our objection. Another blemish, according to our taste, occurs in the misuse of several epithets, and we are the more surprised at this, as the extreme skill displayed by the poet in other instances affords proof of his ability in this way. Need we specify the "encamps" applied to ricks of hay, mere a few other minor errors which it would be well to amend; but they are matters upon which different persons may form different opinions, and therefore we do not deem it necessary to point them out. The poem (which is facetiously closed with an inscription, "THE END OF WOMAN," as if the author had settled the dispute between Mr. Shandy and Uncle Toby on that important subject) has several occasional compositions appended to it; and this little volume is altogether worthy of being sanctioned with praise as a very clever and pleasing work. grandest hills of this romantic county. We pass by some very just remarks on the picturesque and on landscape scenery, which are well worth the attention of the painter; and accompany the tourist to the meandering Wye, where Abbey Dale occupied his earliest notice. Beauchief Abbey, its chief ornament, of which a view is given, is said to have been founded by Robert Fitz-Ranulph, Lord of Alfreton, &c. in expiation of his guilt,-he being one of the four Knights who murdered Thomas à Becket. From Abbey-dale the pedestrians visit East-Moor, the barrier of millstone grit which separates the coal and limestone districts of Derbyshire, HopeDale, Froggal Edge, &c.; but as we shall only stop at such spots as present the most favourable topics for review, we shall merely observe, that not only here but throughout the volume, the descriptions of the visible objects around, are given with poetic grace and feeling, and a freshness and fidelity which con nation of the reader. PEAK SCENERY, or Excursions in Derby-veys them with the great recommendashire, made chiefly for the purpose of tions of glow and truth to the imagipicturesque Observation. Illustrated with Engravings by Messrs. W. B. and George Cooke, from Drawings made by F. L. Chantrey, Esq. sculptor. R. A. By E. Rhodes. Part I. large 4to. pp. 106. It is long since we have taken up a work of this kind, so entertaining from its letter-press matter, and so admirable from the spirit and execution of its embellishments. The picturesque landscapes of its drawings are enlivened by anecdotes which belong to the places whence the views are taken, and thus we find in the same publication every thing to delight the eye and to amuse the mind. Local history diversifies and peoples local scenery; and in the pleasant company of Messrs. Rhodes and Chantrey, between the pen and the pencil, fatigue or ennui are impossible. It is worthy of remark, however, that the author ranges with the Vulcanists against the Neptunists in the geological controversy, as far as the arguments are founded on the organism of the strata of Derbyshire : The basaltic stratum which, in various places, alternates with calcareous rock, and which is provincially called toadstone,though it differs materially in its external appearance, has one general prevailing dedly marked. So indeed has lava. It character by which all its varieties are decibreaks with an equal fracture in all directions: so does volcanic lava. It is likewise of various colours: so are the lavas of Etna and Vesuvius. There is certainly a striking similarity in their internal structure and appearance, and both are said to resist equally the action of acids. This said' is not so much to the purpose as Mr. Rhodes' subsequent ob servation : detect any thing like a characteristic difstones of Derbyshire, without being able to ference; and I have now by me a tablet composed of nine varieties of each, which forcibly illustrates their general affinity. Derbyshire is in every point of view unquestionably one of the most inteI have attentively examined more than a resting districts in England to the Na- hundred specimens of lava, and have returalist, the Geologist, the Artist. Gil-peatedly compared them with the toadpin, in his admirable work, has by no means done justice to its variety and importance; and we rejoice to see it made the subject of a separate canvas, especially under the able hands which have now undertaken its delineation. A regular topography is not attempted, but these pages and pictures are the result of a series of excursions through From geology to the romantic beau ties of Stoke is but a step-here the Derwent, a noble stream, laves one of the sweetest mansions of the north of Derbyshire. It is inhabited by Robert, the grandson of that illustrious citizen Lord Duncannon, passing along this Cunninghame the poet was the pastor, of a commercial country, Richard Ark- Dale in the summer of the year 1743, ob- and Miss Seward a native of Eyam. wright. The adjoining village of Mid- served a piece of spar upon the road, which dleton, with its Roman Baths, fur-mined and admired this elegant production his horse accidentally trod upon. He exanishes a whimsical story: of Derbyshire, and, anxious to have it A very interesting account of the The wild moorlands which surround this vation, a circumstance that has obliterated village have lately been brought into cultithe traces of many mountain tumuli which of a very ancient date, in which urns, were before conspicuous: some, evidently bones, and arrow heads, were found, have not far from Hucklow, a brazen axe, and a lately been opened on Eyam Moor; and beautiful polished stone hammer, supposed fice, were turned up by the plough: they to have been used by the Druids in sacriare now in Mr. Bird's collection. The hammer was the weapon or sceptre of Thor, one of the gods of the Saxons, who long possessed this part of the country. In the lead-mines of Eyam, the earthquake which destroyed Lisbon, in 1755, was distinctly felt. These mines are now falling rapidly into decay. Were we to follow our inclination, we should extract more copiously from this agreeable Volume, but we have done enough to procure it the attention Slickensides, an exploding mineral (a it merits. The account of the provincial cliff mine, is not the least curious of its species of Galena) found in the Haycontents, and we cannot refrain from copying it. Nearly at the time we were at the village of Middleton, the Bishop of Litchfield passed through it on his way to the North, and changed horses at the Moon Inn. The church had been for many months without a pastor; and the landlord of the inn availed himself of the opportunity to represent to him the circumstance, and solicit redress. After an apology in his plain way, for the intrusion, he told his Lordship that, at Stoney Middleton they had a church as well as their neighbours at Eyam, but then they had not a parson, nor had they had any service on a Sunday for sixteen months: that they had many Methodists in the village, who were very industrious, and had their preachings and their prayer meetings several times a week. "6 Then," added he, if this is not giving them an advantage over us, your Lordship, I do not know what is." He concluded his appeal to the Bishop with a great deal of simplicity, by informing him, that he was no way personally inte- There is a most affecting testimony rested in the application; that the church being shut up did not affect him at all, for to the memory of Mr. Mompesson, the he had not been there for several years. pastor of Eyam at this dreadful pe The representation of so disinterest-riod. Well does the name of this good ed an advocate was successful, and the man deserve to be handed down to poschurch was re-opened. A Smelting terity with the most virtuous of humanHouse in Middleton Dale, and two fine kind. An animating description is An upright pillar of limestone rock, intermixed with calcareous spar, contains views of the Castle Rock, furnish happy given of Cucklet-Dell, (and its fine this exploding ore: the surface is thinly subjects for Mr. Chantrey's pencil, and ashes, the tree most prevalent in these coated over with lead, which resembles a the gravers of Messrs. Cooke: parts,) which almost vexes us, as no covering of plumbago, and is extremely view accompanies it. The churchyard smooth, bright, and even. These rocky of Eyam is, however, remarkable for a pillars have their polished faces opposed to rare relique—an old stone cross, aceach other; sometimes they nearly touch, sometimes they are further apart, the interplored to the extent of about 200 paces, cording to rustic tradition found on when a deep water prevented all further one of the neighbouring hills. vening space being filled up with smaller It is progress. The roof is in some places so portions and fragments of spar, and parcuriously ornamented and embossed ticles of lead ore, which is every where fow, that the cavern cannot be penetrated with figures and designs. It is lamenta- intersected with narrow veins of a whitish in an erect position; in others, the passage is of considerable capacity; and it furnishes ble to be told that this venerable mo- colour, and a powdery consistency, that run many beautiful crystallizations: it is in-nument has suffered irreparable injuries in oblique directions amongst the mass. The deed a dreary hole; within these three years. The etching effects of this extraordinary mineral are of this piece of (probably) Danish sculpnot less singular than terrific. A blow with ture is charming. a hammer, a stroke or a scratch with a There is also a cu-miner's pick, are sufficient to rend these rious cemetery in Eyam church-yard, rocks asunder with which it is united or formed by eight stone columns, and embodied. The stroke is immediately sucsurmounted with urns. A whimsical ceeded by a crackling noise, which is someEpitaph (among many, for this is a fa- times accompanied with a sound not unlike vourite resort of the Elegiac Muse) is the mingled hum of a swarm of bees: thus copied :shortly afterwards, an explosion follows so loud and appalling, that even the miners, though a hardy race of men, and little accustomed to fear, turn pale, and tremble at the shock. A short distance from the smelting mill, a deep cavern enters the foot of the rock, near the side of the road. It has been ex corpse An itinerant Scotch pedlar, well known, and much respected, who periodically attended most of the villages in the Peak of Derbyshire, was found murdered (about forty years ago) in this gloomy cavern: he had remained undiscovered till his was nearly a skeleton: his person was identified by the buckles in his shoes, and the dress that he wore: his bones were removed to Eyam church for sepulture, where they remained unburied, until the present Rector, only a few years since, consigned them to the grave. The entrance from Middleton into Eyam Dale is marked by a high rock, whose sides are adorned with ivy, interspersed with branches of yew. A boy, in a perilous attempt to take a bird's nest from the top of this part of the rock, lost his hold, and his life became the forfeit of his temerity he was precipitated into the, depth below, and nearly dashed to pieces. HERE LITH THE BODY OF ANN SELLARS DYED ON JAN. 15TH DAY, 1731 Sometimes five or six successive explosions ensue, at intervals of from ten to fifteen minutes, shaking the surface of the earth 200 fathoms under which they take place. One of these phenomena threw the mine into chaos, with a noise like thunder. In 1815, a miner of the name of Frost was buried at Hucklow for four days. A drop of water trickling near his head sustained existence; the poor fellow sung hymns in this dreadful situation, and was at last extricated, after 75 hours burial, with only a broken limb and some slight bruises. Wheston Cross forms another of the excellent plates of this work. Tidswell, with its ancient chapel or oratory, whence solemn sounds by visionary choristers were wont in ancient times (so says the legend) to foretel the death of the most distinguished inhabitants, and other interesting matter, conclude this 1st Part, which we relinquish with satisfaction, only because it promises us a continuation including the whole scenery of the Wye. The idea in the following epitaph at Tidswell is worth preserving, though the verse be but indifferent : Contemplate as the sun declines We cannot terminate these remarks without again expressing our obligation to Mr. Rhodes, for the pleasure he has afforded us, and the service he has rendered (we imagine, his native) county, by rescuing it from the shade which ought not to have rested so long on so interesting a district; to Mr. Chantrey, for the beautiful drawings by which he has shown that his taste and genius are not limited to the marble, but pervade other departments of the Fine Arts, and that if he had not been one of the greatest sculptors, he might have been one of the finest painters of the age; and lastly, to the Messrs. Cooke, for the delightful proofs (we are not punning) | they have given of the sweet pre-eminence of their burines in landscape scenery. The work is altogether an honour to British art. MUSCOLOGIA BRITANNICA; containing THE MOSSES of Great Britain and Ireland, systematically arranged and described; with plates illustrative of the characters of the genera and species. By W. Jackson Hooker, F.R.S. &c. and Thomas Taylor, M.D. &c. Our attention has been attracted to this highly useful and excellent work by an unknown correspondent, from whose letters we shall extract such observations as apply to the subject; first thanking him for his favours, and expressing our own opinion, on examining the volume, that it is deserving of the utmost favour from every student | tioned at all, in the explanation of the and lover of botany in the British king- plates; but these are mere trifles, scarcely dom. It is inconceivable how many in a future edition, which, it is hoped, will worth noticing except for their correction beauties in the vegetable as well as soon be published. insect world we daily tread unnoticed There is one, however, of more importunder our feet. With these the Mus-ance, and which requires the attention of cologia Britannica brings us acquainted, the authors: in examining some specimens and with this book in our hands we are of the hypnum medium, which I had by me, it enabled greatly to extend our enjoy- agreed with the description in every respect, ments of nature in her minute as well except that instead of the nerve reaching to the summit' of the leaf, as there exas more ostensible forms. pressed, it was decidedly evanescent. It will perhaps be information to the majority of our readers, to state that did not give drawings of all the species of It is regretted by many that the authors no fewer than thirty-three distinct hypnum,' and indeed it seems almost negenera of mosses are here described and cessary on account of the number of the delineated Of these the most contain species, which certainly increase the diffifrom ten to sixty species, making alto-culty of making them out. gether two hundred and fifty-nine different sorts of mosses ascertained by naturalists in the British Isles. The most numerous variety is the Hypnum, which is diversified in sixty different ways. There are upwards of thirty well executed plates in the volume before us, and the mosses, when coloured, are uncommonly beautiful. In a second letter our correspondent says: As you intend to refer to the botanical work mentioned in my letter last week, I send a few other remarks, which I hope will be useful. In mentioning the error in the description of hypnum medium (specimens of which I gathered and examined attentively yesterday) I ought to have said, that the nerve reaching to the point' is not a constant character. In the younger leaves it is always evanescent, though perhaps in those more advanced in age it may sometimes be percurrent. So that hyp. medium differs in nowise from seskeo paludosa of Hedwig, except in being more crowded in its growth. Dr. Smith in his Flora Britannica' has We dare say our friends in the country will not look for any more on such a subject from us cockney reviewers than a mere general opinion. This we have given, and from a comparison with other works of science, we are bold to pronounce the present to be a clear, Hypnum rutabulum, and velutinum, ought unassuming, and instructive publica- not to be made distinct species; indeed the tion. To botanists it will furnish end-authors themselves say, except in the less delight, and even to less devoted smaller size, and somewhat narrower leaves, observers it must open new and in- and their more upright direction, we can find teresting sources of gratification. We no mark of distinction,' and I think the mere difference in size ought not to warrant conclude with the extracts from our their being separated. correspondent, who appears well versed in the subject to which he has in-placed these plants very widely asunder, by vited us. putting them under different divisions in the genus; nevertheless his descriptions to a great degree are very similar of hypnum rutabulum: he says, Folia pallidè viridia vel lutescentia, nitidiuscula, patula, ovata, basi lata, apice acuminata, oculo annato laxè serrulata, ultrà medium uninervia. Pedicelli rubri, unciales vel sesquiunciales, undique tuberculis minutis scabri; perichætium laxum. Capsula ovata, arenatacernua. Operculum conicum, breve, obtusum cum exiguo mucrone.' And of hyp. velutinum he says, Folia luteo-viridia, imbricata, erecta, parva; basi ovata, uninervia; apice elongata, acuminata, sub lente serrata, nervo evanescente. Pedicelli unguiculares, rubri, apicem versus sæpè scabriusculi. Capsula ovata; parva, ferruginea, arenato-cernua. Operculum exactè conicum, acutum, rufum.' Yorford, 24 March. This branch of our natural history has hitherto been a very difficult and tedious study. Even Linnæus (who certainly paid less attention to the plants of the class Cryptogamia, than he did to those of the other classes) confounded those which the more minute observations of succeeding botanists have made perfectly distinct. It appears by the preface that Linnæus established only six genera, which have been varying as the species have multiplied, and as the time and attention of botanists have been more closely directed to them. Hedwig increased the number of genera to 33, including the exotic kinds.' The present work, by the correctness of its descriptions and delineations, has rendered what was before difficult, perfectly easy, and what was tedious, exceedingly pleasant. Mr. Smith has, I suppose, committed a slight mistake by placing his hyp. rutabulum There are certainly some errors, such as under the division Caps. cernuis. Foliis the omission of habitats, and a few of the squarrosis;' and hyp. velutinum under Caps. drawings either incorrectly, or not men-cernius. Surculus terretibus, foliis undique |