most a subject of congratulation that the truly "Fortunate Island," which he so excellently describes, lies so far out of the track of European investigation, and presents so little attraction to commerce, that its innocence and peace are not likely to be impaired by many visits; for of the natives we may well say Where ignorance is bliss 'Tis folly to be wise. The volume is adorned by a number of well-executed plates, from drawings made by Mr. W. Havell, Mr. C. W. Browne, midshipmen of the Alceste, and Capt. Hall himself, on the spot; and to the mass of valuable nautical in telligence contained in the Appendix, are alded maps and charts of great accuracy: there are also some highly interesting meteorological and geological observations, though we regret that the latter are limited; and a copious and curious Loo-Choo vocabulary closes the tabled contents of this uncommonly attractive publication. Horace Walpole's Letters, from 1736 to 1770. as one expects any King in a puppet-show to be. He only takes the title of Altesse, an absurd mezzo-termine, but acts a cock-sparrow, and does the honours of King exceedingly; struts in the circle like himself very civilly." Of George II. whom the author never spares, we are told that he "Is dead richer than Sir Robert Brown, though perhaps not so rich as Lord Hardwicke. He has left 50,000 7. between the Duke, Emily, and Mary; the Duke has given up his share. To Lady Yarmouth, a cabinet, with the contents; they call it 11,000. By a German deed, he gives the Duke to the value of 180,000 7. placed on He had once given him twice as much more, a mortgage, not immediately recoverable. then revoked it, and at last excused the revocation on the pretence of the expenses of the war; but owns he was the best son that ever lived, and had never offended him; a pretty strong comment on the affair of Closterseven! He gives him besides, all his jewels in England; but had removed all the best to Hanover, which he makes crown jewels, and his successor residuary legatee." Do you know I had the curiosity to go to the burying t'other night? I had never seen a royal funeral :" After describing the state, procession to Westminster Abbey, &c. ing least, were the best judges of it; but what I particularly wished to say to you was about Sir James Thornhill, (you know not have you say any thing against him; he married Sir James's daughter:) I would there was a book published some time ago, abusing him, and it gave great offence. He was the first that attempted history in England, and, I assure you, some Germans have said that he was a very great painter. W. My work will go no lower than the year 1700, and I really have not considered whether Sir J. Thornhill would come within my plan or not; if he does, I fear you and I shall not agree upon his merits. H. I wish you would let me correct it; besides, I am writing something of the same kind W. I believe it is not much known what myself; I should be sorry we should clash. my work is, very few persons have seen it. H. Why, it is a critical history of painting, is not it? W. No, it is an antiquarian history of it, in England; I bought Mr. Vertue's MSS. and I believe the work will not give much offence; besides, if it does, I cannot help it: when I publish any thing, I give it to the world to think of it as they please. H. Oh! if it is an antiquarian work, we shall not clash; mine is a critical work; I don't know whether I shall ever publish it. It is rather an apology for painters. I think it is owing to the good sense of the English, that they have not painted better. W. My dear Mr. Hogarth, I must take my leave of you, you now grow too wild-and I left him. If I had staid, the Duke of Cumberland, heightened by a "The real serious part was the figure of there remained nothing but for him to bite thousand melancholy circumstances. He I give you my honour this conversa-had a dark brown Adonis, and a cloak of writer) resides at present with Mr. Hogarth; tion is literal, and, perhaps, as long as you black cloth, with a train of five yards. have known Englishmen and painters, you never met any thing so distracted. I had Attending the funeral of a father could not consecrated a line to his genius (I mean, forced to stand upon it nearly two hours; be pleasant his leg extremely bad, yet for wit) in my preface; I shall not erase his face bloated and distorted with his late it; but I hope nobody will ask me if he is paralytic stroke, which has affected too one of his eyes, and placed over the mouth of the vault, into which, in all probability, he must himself so soon descend. Think how unpleasant a situation! He bore it all with a firm and unaffected countenance. This grave scene was fully contrasted by the burlesque Duke of N- (Newcastle.) He fell into a fit of crying the moment he came into the chapel, and flung himself back in a stall, the Archbishop hovering over him with a smelling-bottle; but in two minutes his curiosity got the better of with his glass, to spy who was or was not his hypocrisy, and he ran about the chapel there, spying with one hand, and mopping his eyes with the other. Then returned the fear of catching cold; and the Duke of Cumberland, who was sinking with heat, felt himself weighed down, and turning round, found it was the Duke of N standing upon his train, to avoid the chill of the marble." The anecdote of Hogarth which we have mentioned, is contained in a letter of the 5th May 1761. "The true frantic Estrus (says the I went t'other morning to see a portrait he is painting of Mr. Fox. Hogarth told me he had promised, if Mr. Fox would sit as he liked, to make as good a picture as Vandyke or Rubens could. I was silentWhy now,' said he, you think this very vain, but why should not one speak truth?" This truth was uttered in the face of his own Sigismonda, which is exactly a maudlin tearing off the trinkets that her keeper had given her, to fling at his head. She has her father's picture in a bracelet on ber arm, and her fingers are bloody with the heart, as if she had just bought a sheep'spluck in St. James's market. As I was going, Hogarth put on a very grave face, and said, Mr. Walpole, I want to speak to you.' I sat down, and said, I was ready to receive his commands. For shortness, I will mark this wonderful dialogue by initial letters. me. not mad." We cannot, after having given two Numbers to this work, devote our page to the private details of the accession and marriage of our now venerable King. They are interesting, and excite strong emotions, when we contrast the joy and festivity of that hour with the affecting situation of the present. In novelty, however, they must yield to the accounts of the death and funeral of George the 2d, and of the visit of the King of Denmark to their present Majesties, in 1768. We select the latter for extract. H. I am told you are going to entertain the town with something in our way. W. Not very soon, Mr. Hogarth. H. I "I came to town to see the Danish king. wish you would let me have it to correct; He is as diminutive as if he came out of a we painters must know more of those things kernel in the Fairy Tales. He is not ill than other people. W. Do you think no-made, nor weakly made, though so small; body understands painting but painters? and though his face is pale and delicate, it H. Oh! so far from it, there's Reynolds, is not at all ugly, yet has a strong cast of who certainly has genius; why, but t'other the late King, and enough of the late day he offered a hundred pounds for a pic- Prince of to put one upon one's guard ture, that I would not hang in my cellar; not to be prejudiced in his favour. Still and indeed, to say truth, I have generally he has more royalty than folly in his air; found that persous, who have studied paint- and, considering he is not twenty, is as well There are several notices of the commencing reign of George 111. two of which, as they are short, and from a personal observer, we will here annex. "The young King has all the appearance of being amiable. There is great grace to temper much dignity, and extreme good- | parties last till one and two in the morning. | bohit here takes occasion to notice the nature, which breaks out on all occasions." (page 218.) We played at Lady H-d's last week, the The in For the King himself, he seems all good-nature, and wishing to satisfy every body; all his speeches are obliging. I saw town calls Pam-ela. him again yesterday (12 Nov. 1760,) and vasion is not half so much in fashion as loo, was surprised to find the levee room had and the King demanding the assistance of lost so entirely the air of the lions' den. the militia does not add much dignity to it. This Sovereign don't stand on one spot, The great Pan of parliament, who made with his eyes fixed royally on the ground, the motion, entered into a wonderful defiand dropping bits of German news; he nition of the several sorts of fear; from walks about and speaks to every body. I fear, that comes from pusillanimity, up to saw him afterwards on the throne, where fear from magnanimity. It put me in mind he is graceful and genteel, sits with dig-of that wise Pythian, my Lady L, who, nity, and reads his answers to addresses when her sister, Lady D, was dying, well. (222.) pronounced, that if it were a fever from a fever, she would live; but if it were a fever from death, she would die." Before descending from these royal memoranda, we shall quote one passage more respecting a Queen of former days: "I must tell you an anecdote that I found t'other day in an old French author, which is a great drawback on beaux sentiments and romantic ideas. Pasquier, in his Recherches de la France, is giving an account of the Queen of Scots' execution; he says, the night before, knowing her body must be stripped for her shroud, she would have her feet washed, because she used ointment to one of them which was sore. I believe I have told you, that in a very old trial of her, which I bought from Lord Oxford's collection, it is said that she was a large lame woman. Take sentiments out of their pantouffles, and reduce them to the infirmities of mortality, what a falling off there is!" On looking over our extracts, we are admonished that so many grave ones would afford an ill specimen of the work before us, and reserving a few selections for a concluding Number, we shall close the present with some lighter examples. (To be concluded in our next.) SOUTH AMERICA. (Resumed.) Humboldts in our last, were only a di- M. Humboldt and his companion gross inaccuracies which disfigure all the maps in use, of this quarter of the world. le tells us that the town of Verina, indicated as lying between Cariaco and Cumana, never existed, and that "The most recent maps of America are loaded with names of places, rivers, and mountains, without its being possible to discover the source of these errors, which are handed down from age to age." In this region the cocoa-nut tree' flourishes, preferring, as it does, salt to fresh waters. It is the olive of the coast: and Mr. H. notices, that Among the plants cultivated by man, the sugar-cane, the plantain, the mainmeeapple, and alligator pear, (laurus persea), alone have the property of the cocoa tree: that of being watered alike by fresh and salt water. This circumstance (he continues) is favourable to their migrations; and if that is a little brackish, it is believed at the the sugar-cane of the shore yield a syrup same time to be better fitted for the distil lation of spirit, than the juice produced from the canes in the interior." This hint is quite novel to us, and deserves the attention of our colonial cultivators. Of the cocoa tree, so im- ́ portan" o'er the one half world it is stated: "In a fertile and moist ground, the cocoa tree begins to bear fruit in abundance the fourth year; but in dry soils it yields produce at the end of ten years only. The duration of the tree does not, in general, exceed eighty or a hundred years, and its mean height at this period is from seventy reckoned that, on an average, a tree proto eighty feet. It may be duces annually a hundred nuts, which yield eight fascoes (70 or 80 cubic inches each) of oil. The flasco is sold for 24 rials, or sixteen peвce. In Provence, an olive tree, thirty years old yields twenty pounds, or seven flascoes of oil, so that if produces something less than a cocon tree." "It may be supposed that strata of water "I have by me a love-letter written must be found, of different temperatures, during my father's administration, by a according to the greater or less depth, and journeyman tailor to my brother's second according as the mixture of the hot waters chambermaid; his offers were honourable; with those of the gulf, is accelerated by the he proposed matrimony, and to better his winds and currents. The existence of these terins, informed her of his pretensions to hot springs, which, we were assured, raise Here are also water melons of from a place they were founded on what he the temperature of the sea through an excalled, some services to the government. tent of ten or twelve thousand square toises, fifty to seventy pounds weight. The As the nymph could not read, she carried is a very remarkable phenomenon.* On excessive hulk to which vegetation atthe epistle to the housekeeper to be deci- proceeding from the promontory of Paria, aius under the tropics, may, in great phered, by which means it came into my towards the west, by Trapa, Aquas Calien-degree, be assigned to the admirable hands. I inquired what were the merits of tes, the gulf of Cariaco, the Brigantine, and property which the leaves posses, of Mr. Vice Crispin; was informed that he had the valleys of Aragua, as far as the snowy attracting the water dissolved in the made a suit of clothes for a figure of Lord mountains of Merida, a continual band of Marr, that was burned after the rebellionthermal waters is found in an extent of 150 leagues." "Did I tell you that I had found a text in Deuteronomy to authorize my future battlements? (at Strawberry Hill.) When thou buildest a new house, then shalt thou make a battlement for thy roof, that thou bring not blood upon thy house, if any man fall from thence." (1749) They were obliged by the weather to and at Pericantrat, a small farm on the south side of the gulf; and M. Hlum phere, amounting to perhaps nine tenths of the quantity necespaty for its saturation. Among the animal, and other natural products of the district over which we have travelled, since quitting the cavera tain that rushes out on the beach (Lescalier notice has been attracted to the Zamuro "Loo is mounted to its zenith; the Canaries. trees. "These birds range themselves in files, | 400,000 natives of pure copper-colour- | even within the pale of European conto sleep together like fowls; and their in-ed race. We ought to observe, how-nexion. dolence is such, that they go to roost long before sunset, and awake not till after the sun is above the horizon. This idleness seems as if it were shared in these climates by the trees with pennate leaves. The mimosas and tamarinds close their leaves in a clear and serene sky, 25 or 35 minutes before the setting of the sun, and unfold them in the morning before its disk has been visible for the same time." ever, that the inhabitants of Marga- "The girls are often married at the age of twelve years; until nine, the missionaries allow them to go to church naked, that is to say, without a tunic. servant, who had been with us during and whom I brought to France, was so our journey to Caripe and the Oroonoko, much struck on landing, when he saw the ground filled by a peasant with a hat on, Generally speaking, there still exist that he thought himself in a miserable above six millions of the copper-colour-country, where even the nobles (los mismos Chayma women are not handsome, accaballeros) followed the plough. cording to the ideas that we annex to beauty." The Bodily deformity is unknown. When the Chaymas pluck out the few hairs which appear, they are beardless; but if they shave, the beard grows, as in those exceptions to the general rule which we find in the Chippewaws, visited by Mr. Mackenzie, between the latitude 60° and 65° north, the Yabipaees, near the Toltec ruins at Moqui, in New Spain, and the Patagonians and Guaranies in South America, some of whom have also hairs on the breast. These are strange variations! M. Humboldt paid much attention to "the sleep of plants," and found themed race in both Americas, and, though the same where no irregularity of the an innumerable quantity of tribes and ground interrupted the view of the of languages are extinguished or conhorizon. This is a wonderful instinct, founded together, it is beyond a doubt if we may apply that word to inanimate (says M. Humboldt) that within the matter, to vegetable nature: what a tropics of that part of the new world, curious and interesting subject for ob- where civilization has penetrated only servation! We see it every day in our since the time of Columbus, the number gardens, and it passes unheeded. One of natives has considerably increased. tribe rejoices, another faints, in the The grand characteristics of this copper presence of the god of day. In this coloured race, dependent, as it would parterre they droop in his absence, and seem, on physical organization, are a expand almost in the hope of his re- moral inflexibility, and a stedfast perturning light; and in the other, the severance in habits and manners. These sweetest odours, and most vigorous dispositions prevail from the Equator to bloom, is reserved for the shades of Hudson's Bay on the one hand, and night. But it is not the contrast, so to the straits of Magellan on the other. It is not in our power to do justice, much as the consent, of all plants of The particular race of which we have by analysis, to the very recondite view the same genus, which is admirable, in been speaking, the Chayinas, are short-of the American languages with which this respect, and to which we would five feet two inches being about the the author closes his third book; and gladly turn the observation, not only maximum of height. This is the more we can only state, that it appears to us of our botanical readers, but of every remarkable, as their neighbours the to be eminently worthy of the regard one, who, to use the common phrase, is Caribbees (Carives) and Paraguays of the curious and the learned. There fond of flowers. The investigation is (Payaguays) are in general more than are many other parts of this volume, beautiful and curious, and the experi- six feet high. Their body is thick set, however, which we think the public mental theory almost within the reach shoulders very broad, breast flat, and will not be displeased to see in the of the artisan who solaces his labours all their limbs fleshy and round. In abridged form of a review, and to these with a few pots of flowers at his common with almost all the natives of we shall turn, probably, in several of South America and New Spain, they our future Numbers. resemble the Mongul race, in the form of the eye, the high cheek-bones, the * We agree with the author, that this precostraight and flat hair, and the almost cious nubility depends on the race, rather than entire want of beard; and differ essenon the influence of climate, and is, therefore, another grand distinction in the human species. tially from it in the form of the nose, At all events, warmth of clime is evidently not which is pretty long, prominent, and the cause, since we find the same precocity on thick towards the nostrils, the openings the north-west coast of America, among the of which are directed downwards, as Esquimoes, and in Asia among the Kamtschatadales and Coriacs, where girls are often mothers with all the nations of the Caucasianat ten years old. It is curious that the period of gestation is the same in all.-Ed. window. M. Humboldt, who never leaves any topic without philosophical inquiry, enters into a detailed examination of the physical constitution, language, and manners of the Chayma Indians, one of the chief tribes which is to be found in the northern provinces of South America, though only estimated at a population of 15,000. In these parts there are, however, a multitude of distinct tribes; some of them collected into missions, others still independent, and a few even savage. In Cumana and New Barcelona (the most active theatre of the present struggles between Spain and Spanish America) the natives, or primitive inhabitants, still constitute half of the scanty population. Their number is reckoned at 60,000, including 24,000, the population of New Andalusia: whereas the Intendance of Oaxaca in Mexico, though one third smaller, contains more than race. "Their wide mouth, with lips but little protuberant, though broad, has often an expression of goodness. The passage from the nose to the mouth, is marked in both sexes by two furrows, which run diverging from the nostrils to the corners of the mouth. The chin is extremely short and round, and the jaws are remarkable for their strength and width." The natives can scarcely be brought to wear any clothing, and both sexes are often found in a state of nudity, ANALYSIS OF THE JOURNAL DES SAVANS This interesting journey being very gene-. rally known, and likely to become still more, by the appearance of a second edition in 8vo., of which we shall take a separate notice, we shall merely say, that M. Silvestre de Sacy gives a very favourable account of the work, from which he makes some long extracts. Art. II. Mr. John Spencer Stanhope's To- M. Letronne. Mr. Stanhope left London in 1810, intending to visit Spain, Sicily, and Greece. After travelling through a part of Portugal, and of the south of the Peninsula, he embarked on board a privateer of Gibraltar, which, instead of taking him to Majorca, whence he designed to go to Sicily, took him direct to Barcelona, where he was made prisoner by the French. After he had been two years at Verdun, he obtained, by the intervention of the Institute, not only permission to continue his travels, but entire liberty. Full of gratitude to the learned body which had taken so much interest in his situation, Mr. Stanhope, on his return, hastened to detach a curious fragment from his researches in Greece, and make a there descends from the summit of Citheron | M. B. du Bocage thinks are the fortresses of Herodotus, interpreted as it ought to be. The great difference of the two transla- From the analysis which M. B. du Bocage has made of these travels, we are happy to learn that Mr. S.'s portfolio is far from being exhausted; but that he has still numerous views and plans of many places parts of Greece. We hope Mr. S. will soon and towns of the Peloponnesus, and other be induced to publish all the fruits of his travels, which would doubtless have afforded a much greater number of new and valutable notices, had not the author, when he set his foot on the soil of Greece, been unhappily obliged by an obstinate fever too soon to leave that classic ground, which he had intended to traverse, in almost its whole extent, and to examine in detail. Art. III. Lord Holland's Lopes de Vega, &c. This article is very interesting to the compliment of it to the Academy of In- translation runs thus: "It (the river) from French reader, as it gives a particular scriptions, as a proof of the care which he Citheron afterwards unites its waters in analysis of the play of Guillen de Castro, had taken to turn to the advantage of one bed. This isle is called Oeroe." The which furnished Corneille with the plan of science the liberty which was so hand-inhabitants of Citheron say that Oeroe is the Cid; but as its great length would somely procured for him. the daughter of Asopus. The new transla-render any analysis, however compressed, the same bed: it bears the name of Oeroe, fer our reader to the original work of his tion is," It afterwards unites its waters in too extensive for our purpose, we must rewhom the people of the country call the Lordship; "to whom," says Mr. Raynouard, daughter of Asopus. The Greeks agreed, "French literature is highly indebted for that when they arrived at this spot, which his extensive labours in Guillen de Castro Oeroe, the daughter of Asopus, surrounds and Corneille, in which he has shewn himwith her arms, they would send," &c. self worthy to judge of the father of our Tragedy." This fragment of Mr. Stanhope's journey fills up a chasm which has long been perceived, since it serves completely to explain the battle of Platea, the details of which we have been hitherto unable to comprehend. It was at the request of M. Barbié du Bocage, that Mr. Spencer Stanhope, on his arrival in Attica, made all the necessary preparations for an accurate survey of the plain of Platea: he went to the northern side of Citheron, and before he undertook any thing, convinced himself that the plain at his feet, was really that upon which the battle was fought. Having ascertained this identity, Mr. Stanhope, assisted by Mr. Allason, a skilful architect, who accompanied him on his travels, took the plan of the whole plain, by means of an azimuth compass, a sextant, and a graduated chain. The author has the good faith to confess, that with other instruments it would have been possible to perform this operation with more exactness. This is indeed true; but it is also certain, that the means employed by him and Mr. Allason were sufficient to obtain all the exactness desirable for the object of the plan. This plan entirely changes the ideas hitherto entertained of the nature of the ground, and of the operations of the two armies. If our readers will follow us, with the plan of M. Barbié du Bocage before them, they will see, by the following observations, what a new light Mr. Stanhope's plan throws on the history of the battle of Platea. 1. The valley is not traversed in its whole length by the Asopus; on the contrary, that river begins at the north east, and only about 1300 toises from Platæa. 2. Between the sources of the Asopus and that city, It appears then, that the principal errors of the translators have consisted, as Mr. Stanhope observes, in giving the name of Oeroe to the isle, whereas it is that of a river; in imagining that this isle was formed by the Asopus, whereas it is really formed by the two streams which fall from Mount Citheron; lastly, in referring the word Potamos to the Asopus, whereas it relates to the river Oeroe. According to the above translation, all is explained, and we are convinced, with Mr. Stanhope, that the river which flows in the front of Platæa, is the Oeroe of Herodotus: thus this river is on the road from Platea to Thebes, which perfectly explains the passage of Pausanias, stating, that " as you go from Platea to Thebes, you find the river Peroe (read Oeroe) said to be the daughter of Asopus.” (Pausan. 1x. 4.) It is to be regretted, that Mr. Stanhope, instead of confining himself to prove that his plan really represents the plain of Platea, which cannot be doubted, has not composed a complete essay upon the battle, which it will now be very easy to do. Art. IV. Medal of Queen Thermusa, Consort of Phraates IV. and mother of Phrautaces King of the Parthians. Mr. Visconti, in his Greek Iconography, has endeavoured in some measure to supply the loss of the histories that treated of the Parthians, and principally those of Apollodorus of Artemita, and of Arrian of Nicomedia, by making use of the numerous medals of the Arsacidæ, to which new discoveries are daily adding, and render them more interesting. By the aid of these numismatic monuments he has been able to throw some light on the succession of the Parthian kings, on the epochs of their reigns, and the order of several events in their history. By means of a new discovery of this nature, he has been enabled to confirm the truth of an important fact; the knowledge is preserved to us by no historian besides the author of the Jewish Antiquities. Among the princes who filled the throne of Cyrus after the establishment of the Roman power, Phraates IV. was doubtless one of the most celebrated. Redditum Cyri solio Phraaten. The plan of the city of Platæa, taken with the greatest care by Mr. Allason, will be of great use in illustrating the account of the siege of that city in Thucydides. To these two plans, Mr. Stanhope has added a Hor, lib. 11. Od. 2. very picturesque and well executed view of the fort of Eleutheræ in Beotia, with a plan His ambitious and cruel character, the of this fort, and of two other forts in At-success which he obtained in defending tica, on the south side of Citheron, which himself against Mark Antony, and his re verses in his other wars with the Romans the vicissitudes which he experienced in the civil commotions in his own country, by which he was expelled from the throne, and afterwards restored to it; his reign of thirty-six years, his misfortunes, and his crimes in the interior of his palace, figure both in the Roman history, and in that of the East. The fact which Josephus relates, belongs to the last period of the life of Phraates, (Ant. Jud. lib. xvш. c. 2, sect. 4, p. 874.) "He had," says the historian, "legitimate children, when he took for his mistress a young Italian slave, named Thermusa, whom Augustus had sent him, with other presents. But in the sequel he was so captivated with the extraordinary beauty of this woman, that having had a child by her, (this was Phraataces) he declared her his consort, and conferred upon her all the honours due to that rank." Josephus adds, that the new queen obtained unlimited influence over the mind of Phraates, and having conceived the project of procuring the crown to descend to Phraataces, she contrived to rid him of the competition with the legitimate sons of the king, by sending them as hostages to Rome; that at length this favourite child, weary of waiting for the death of his father, resolved to hasten it, and that his mother and he soon found means to put him to death. The medal, which has led to this article, is in the collection of Lord Northwich, who sent some casts of it to M. Visconti. There are two other inedited medals, exactly like it, in the cabinet of M. Rousseau, consul at Bagdad. ORIGINAL CORRESPONDENCE. EPITAPH ON MRS. JORDAN. This Epitaph is copied from the tombstone of the celebrated Mrs. Jordan, in a corner of the cemetery of St. Cloud. There is only one other memorial to a Protestant, (an American gentleman) in the same place. The stone is a plain flat one, and not of marble; the sides and ends are of plaster. M. S. DOROTHEE JORDAN, Evita exiit ARTS AND SCIENCES. MECONIC ACID.-Mr. Serrurier has extracted from opium a most dreadful poison called Meconic Acid (acid of poppy.) It calls to mind the famous Aqua Tofuna, and is entirely without taste and colour. Having been given to dogs, they waste away, till at last they die. This discovery, it is thought, may be of great importance to physicians, as opium, if it is first freed from this poison, must possess very different and powerful medicinal qualities.-Opium properly owes its medicinal quality to a new alcali called Morphium, which, among many other things, has afforded immediate relief in the tooth-ach and convulsions, where opium produced scarcely any effect. LITHOGRAPHY. Senefelder's New Invention.-General von Zastrow, the Prussian Ambassador to the Court of Bavaria, was lately present at a meeting of the Polytechnic Society at Munich, on which occasion he saw several experiments which M. Aloys Senefelder, the inventor of Lithography, made with a copying-machine, to shew the advantages of his new invented stone paper, and prove that it fully supplied the place of the stone plates of Sohlenhofen. The result was that the Prussian Government gave the inventor 2000 florins for the secret of his discovery of this stone paper; which is indeed highly interesting to those countries where stones proper for lithography are not to be found. THE FINE ARTS. ROYAL ACADEMY. THE ROYAL INSTITUTION. On one side is the image of Phraates IV. After noticing the Lecture of Professor which is easily to be recognised. Two Brande, at the opening of the present scavictories hover about his head, as in other son, in our last Number, we mentioned that On Thursday evening we attended Mr. medals of this prince. The bust of a queen a Lecture on Mechanism was delivered on Fuseli's (we believe, second) Lecture. In a is on the reverse; wearing the crown, or the following Wednesday by Mr. Millingrather the tiara, (tiara recta) the attribute ton.We now beg to correct that statement, critique upon a picture of Milton and his of royalty. The legend informs us, that since the subject ought to have been Mag-Daughter, by a foreign Artist, in the Brithis bust is that of the celestial goddess, the netism. It was the 1st Lecture of a Course tish Institution, we recommended to him to queen * * * * usa (Thermusa); thus which Professor Millington is about to de- study English forms and manners as he M. Visconti restores the name of this prin- liver on this subject and Electricity; and would study the English language: he cess, on the anthority of Josephus. The being an Introductory Lecture was confin might have answered us-that the English first letters of the name are broken off, as ed to a general review of the importance of language was quite unnecessary not only for a Royal Academician, but even for a they are also in the two belonging to M.these subjects, and their universal agency Professor lecturing on the Arts. This seems Rousseau, mentioned above. This unique example of the effigy and name of a qacen, engraved on the coin of the Arsacide, sufficiently proves to what a degree this ambitions woman, disposed of the heart and authority of her husband, who, as we have seen, fell a victim to his own weakness. in nature. The Professor lamented the lit- The following article on the Division of the Equator, and of the day among the Chaldeans, after Achilles Tatius, and that of the circle into 360 degrees, forms part of a Memoir rend to the Academy of Insetiptions and Belles-Lettres, Sept. 6, 1816, by M. Letronne. It is a highly curious 4to. insusceptible of any satisfactory abridg-intelligible. article; but though occupying ten pages in ment or analysis. The other articles of this number of the Journal des Savans present nothing interesting to the readers of the Literary Gazette. Mr. Brande gave an excellent Lecture on illustrations of new facts. * By an error of the Press. them for him to the students. (which was entirely on Design,) we gathered some sentiments which seemed to us to be highly deserving of being enforced; but which, if credited by the auditors, would have sent some of them home to burn their pallets and brushes. Mr. F. noticed the helps and instructions through which mo dern painters arrive at mediocrity, even be Towards the conclusion of the lecture |