heaven, and the shepherd's crook; before
her stands Osiris, in an attitude of blessing,
with the key, to which hangs the staff of
guidance. Between them is planted the
thyrsus, the staff of joy and thanksgiving;
on one side of it hangs the sacred fillet, and
on the other the sacred veil. Behind the
throne stands the ministering divinity, and
behind this latter, the souls in the highest
felicity. Out of the line which the serpent
forms, stands the good spirit Kneph, in a
human form, with the head of the sacred
serpent Thermutis, with a sacrificing knife
in each hand, and dressed entirely in the
colours of Serapis. On his head is the
winged flask, and before him the same fu-
neral offering which we have seen already
five times in these pictures; it consists here
of the persea leaves, the pomegranate, and
the symbol of resurrection, the lotus flower.
Opposite to Kneph, but separated by a
column of hieroglyphics, stands Anubis,
with the ibis head, as we saw him as guide
of the soul in the eighth picture, but with-
out the lyre-formed head-dress; instead of
the writing tablet and the style, which he
had there, he holds here, in the left hand,
the sacred girdle, and in the right, the staff,
divided as a Nilometer, at the upper end of
which there is a half globe, with a feather,
like the helmet of Serapis. This staff, with
the helmet and feather, and a hand, in the
attitude of blessing, close to it, is sus-
Isis is here enthroned as the highest di-pended likewise in heaven, within the line
vinity; she is dressed from head to foot in of the serpent, over the soul exalted to
a close fitted dark green garment, the the enjoyment of the highest felicity, on
colour of which is well distinguished from the two sides of the above-mentioned
the lighter green of the face and hands. stage; on this the sun is depicted, between
The arms and breast are wrapped in a gold two serpents, and above is the eye of
coloured chequered peplus, strewn with Osiris, together with an out-stretched
green spots, as in a shawl; it resembles hand, over which the sacred key hangs;
that which the soul wore before the balance the end of which terminates in a graduated
of judgment. Isis holds in her right hand Nilometer.
the sacred scourge, and the key of the
nether world; in the left the pastoral staff.
To her chin hangs the sacred persea leaf,
which was given to the mummies of both
sexes in their cases; the sacred green veil
is bound together by a fillet, at the fore end
of which the sacred serpent appears, as the
symbol of dominion over life and death;
above the veil, between two horns, at the
eids of which sacred serpents also appear,
rises the lyre-formed head-dress which
Anibis also wore. Lastly, behind the
throne, stands a ministering inferior divi-
nity, with the key of heaven in the left hand,
and the right hand in an attitude of bless-
ing. The soul implores, as the highest fe-
licity to be received among these attend-

Horus and the inferior deities. There it
implored the protection of the latter, here
it is introduced by the former before the
throne of the higher gods: Osiris and Anu-
bis precede it. Behind the soul, is a figure
which we have not yet met with, but it
seems easy to be explained. It is Serapis,
the waker of the dead, who holds in his
hand the measure of life; in the oldest
times he was so represented, as invisible,
having the face covered with the helmet; to
whom the Greeks therefore attributed the
property of making himself invisible. The
significant feather is on this helmet; on
one of his arms, which are clad in dark
green, he bears the key of heaven; a dark
green girdle, bracelets, and the sacred veil,
the ends of which hang down under the
helmet; his dress is chequered. The breast
and feet are yellow, like gold. Thus at
tended, the soul approaches the throne of
Isis at the foot of it lies the lion, as the
guardian of the throne, with the dagger is
his claws; before the throne stands the
great Nilometer, with the sacred vase of the
Nile, on its upper end; behind it, in a pot,
a thyrsus is planted, from which the sacred
veil hangs down. Over the cap of the god-
dess, is the basket of offerings, between two
mystical leaves; above it, two persea leaves,
which also accompanied it in the baptismin;
but the pomegranate, which was there, is
here wanting.

ants mound the throne of Isis.

IX. The Soul in the enjoyment of the highest felicity-Aboye a kind of stage, which has on the one side four, and on the other three steps, into heaven, which is divided from the rest of the picture by the sacred serpent, drawn out much at length The serpent, which here represents the course of the stars, is not in the form of a circle, but with three bendings in an undulating line. On the upper part of the left side stands the throne of Isis, on which the goddess sits, with the key of

X. Concluding Picture. It is separated from the preceding by three rows of hiercglyphics. As a hand-breadth is broken off from the end of it, the meaning of the whole is difficult to be determined. We describe the figures. The hawk Osiris, the final accomplisher of the way of Providence, stands in all the magnificence of his plumage, with the lyre-shaped head-dress, between two horns, on which, sit two sacred serpents: he treads upon the tail of one, and with the other foot he stands on the sacred offering dish. Behind him is the eye of Providence, with the arm blessing, on which hangs the key of the Nile, and the Nilometer, and behind this eye, the ministering divinity, whom we have frequently mentioned before, in the attitude of blessing.

We have now, in the series of these pictures, gone through the whole of the mysteries of Isis, as Apuleius describes them. We entered the gate of the nether world, passed the threshold of Nephtis, before which the sacred wolf keeps guard, traversed, by means of the four genii, who stand under the bier, the four elements, and then saw the sun of the lower world, Horus, beam in his splendour: by his mediation we reached the inferior deities, and

were then led, by the two conductors of souls, Anubis and Scrapis, before the throne of Isis. According to the Isiacal doctrine, the soul now found eternal repose in the bosom of this goddess, and in the sun hawk (Osiris), represented in the last picture, the eternal light, by which is understood, not the terrestrial sun, nor Horus, the subterranean sun, but the eternal uncreated light, the last object of all the mysteries. It formed the abundance of eternal life, and the repose of blessedness: which was the conclusion of all ancient forms of benediction, abundance and blessedness.

We have, as far as possible, avoided all recollections and relations of the ideas expressed in these images, to the religions doctrines and mystical representations of other ancient and still existing oriental nations, which the original essay contained. The attentive reader will find these transitions, relations, and transformations, of similar ideas, without our help, and they would have led us aside from the old simple progress of the doctrine of immortality, which we have gone through. Glorious and animating is this view of the everblooming tree of eternal life, which in all its ramifications constantly reproduces only itself, living and indestructible-however different branches, leaves, flowers, and fruit may be-for it sprang up with the image of God, which was given to man, in all human hearts, in the all-predominant longing, the desire and the pledge of eternity.

Mr. John Samuel Enys, of Exeter College.
Mr. Francis Lloyd, Student of Christ Church.
Mr. William Spencer Whitelocke, of Baitiol
Mr. Wilkam Perkins, of Lincoln College.

College,

Mr. Joseph Palmer Griffith, Scholar of Wadham
College.
Mr. Griffith Richards, of Queen's Collège.
The number of Determining Bachelors, 164.

CAMBRIDGE, Feb. 6.-Dr. Smith's annual prizes of 257. each to the two best profieients in Mathematics and Natural Philosophy amongst the commencing Bachelors of Arts, are this year adjudged to Mr. John George Shaw Lefevre, of Trinity College, and Mr. John Hind, of St. John's College, the first and second Wranglers.

The Rev. Wm. J. Coppard of Emmanuel College, was on Wednesday last admitted Master of Arts.

The Rev W. E. Fitzthomas, of Emmannel College, was on the same day admitted Bachelor in Civil Law.

Mr. W. F. Cobb, of Trinity College, was on the same day admitted Bachelor of Arts

ROYAL ACADEMY.

On Tuesday, at a General Meeting of the Members of the Royal Academy in Somerset House, F. L. Chantrey, Esq. was elected an R. A. in the room of the late Mr. Woodforde.

PRESENT STATE OF THE GERMAN
UNIVERSITIES.

FROM the distinguished part which Germany is taking in the pursuits of science and literature in our times, the annexed summary of her Learned Establishments may be acceptable.

Germany had before the year 1802 the following 36 universities :

testants, with 107 students; Weimar, | luable discovery was not the result of
18. Jena, Protestant, 1817, with 600 students. chance, but of a long series of experiments,
In Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 19. Rostock, skilfully and laboriously conducted by that
Protestant, 1817, with 159 students. Of great chemist.
these 19 universities, there are therefore
5 Catholic, 2 mixed, and the rest Protes-
tant. In all there are about 8500 students.
If we take the population of all Germany
at 29 millions, there will be 288 students
for every million.

ARTS AND SCIENCES.

Mr. Brande concluded by adverting shortly to the state of the funds of the Institution, which he said had been recently greatly improved by an act of the most munificent liberality of one of the members. We understand the gentleman alluded to is Mr. Fuller, the late member for Sussex. On Wednesday Mr. Millington gave a lecture upon Mechanism.

ness.

THE ROYAL INSTITUTION. We learn from Blackwood's Edinburgh ON Saturday Mr. Brande commenced his Magazine, that a valuable mine of Plumcourse of lectures upon Chemistry. bago or Graphite was last summer disThe splendid lecture room was crowded, covered in Glenstrathfarar, about 30 miles and it afforded a gratifying proof of the from Inverness. It promises to be of much devotion of the fair sex to the acquisition importance, and a valuable addition to of knowledge, to observe that the number British minerals, since there are we believe of ladies present exceeded that of the gen- but two mines wrought in the island for the tlemen. As this was an introductory Lec-production of this useful article, of which ture, it was necessarily of a general nature, not only our black-lead pencils, as they are and rather explanatory of the plan the lec- erroneously called, are made, but the lustre turer meant to pursue, than of the subject given to many substances formed of caston which he proposes to treat. There is iron. The mine is in a schistose rock, close one difficulty which Mr. Brande has to en- to the Farar, and crops out to an extent of counter, and which it will require all his not less than 50 feet in five different seams, skill to overcome: he has given in the last some of them from 12 to 18 inches in thickthree years, with distinguished applause, Several tons might have been turned three courses of lectures, at the Institution, out; and the scams appear to converge into upon Chemistry. He cannot therefore one, enlarge, and improve in quality, as the commence his present course, by commuworkmen penetrate deeper. nicating to his auditors elementary infor- The same intelligent work contains the mation, without entering into details with notice of a paper read by Dr. Brewster, to which a great portion of them are perfectly the Royal Society of Edinburgh, on the acquainted; on the other hand, many of 12th of January, purporting to be an Acthe members admitted since the termina- count of recent Discoveries made respecttion of the last course, may be considered ing the principal Pyramid of Egypt, &c. as coming to the study of a new science, Had the learned Dr. done us the honour to and therefore necessarily requiring much read the Literary Gazette of the 20th of initiatory instruction. But, whatever can December, or perused Mr. Walpole's adbe accomplished by a person deeply skilled mirable work on Turkey, he would have in the subject on which he proposes to treat, been saved from the error of considering capable of communicating his knowledge those discoveries as new which were made with perspicuity and elegance, and of illus-by other persons years before. trating it by experiments performed with uncommon neatness and precision, may be expected of Mr. B.

Heidelburg founded in 1386, Prague 1348, Vienna 1361, Cologne 1388, Erfurt 1389, Wurtzburg 1403, Leipzig 1409, Ingolstadt 1410, Rostock 1419, Treves 1451, Greifswalde 1456, Freiburg 1456, Tubingen 1477, Mentz 1477, Wittenberg 1502, Frankfort on the Oder 1505, Marburg 1517, Dillingen 1549, Jena 1557, Helmstadt 1576, Altdorf 1576, Paderborn 1592, Giessen 1607, Rinteln 1619, Salzburg 1622, Munster 1631, Osnaburg 1632, Bamberg 1648, Duisburg 1655, Kiel 1665, Innspruck 1672, Halle 1694, Breslaw 1702, Fulda 1734, Göttingen 1734, Erlangen 1742. Of which there have been dissolved since 1802 Cologne, Erfurt, Ingolstadt, Treves, Mentz, Wittenberg, Frankfort, Dillingen, Helmstadt, Altdorf, Rinteln, Salzburg, Munster, Osnaburg, Bamberg, Duisburg, Innspruck, and Fulda; and in their stead only the following new ones founded:-Landshut, merely a continuation of the Ingolstadt university; Breslaw as a mixed university, to which the professors from Frankfort on the Oder were removed; Ellwangen, but which since the year 1817 is united with Tubingen; and Berlin the last founded of the German universities. There exist at present in Germany only 19 universities, viz. in the Austrian-German Hereditary States, 1. Vienna, Catholic, with 957 students; 2. Prague, Catholic, with 880 students. In German-Prussia, 3. Berlin, Evangelical, 1817, with 600 students; 4. Breslaw, for both religions, with 366 students; 5. Halle, Evangelical, 1816, with 500 students; 6. Greifswalde, Evangelical, with 55 students. Add to these the Catholic university of Paderborn, but which has only two faculties. In Bavaria, 7. Landshut, Catholic, with 640 students; 8. Wurtzburg, Catholic, 1815, with 365 students; 9. Erlangen, Protestant, with 180 students. In Saxony, 10. Leipzig, Protestant, 1816, with 911 students. In Hanover, 11. Göttingen, Protestant, 1816, with 1132 students. Wurtemberg, 12. Tubingen, Protestant, with 290 students, now increased by the addition of Ell wangen, for both religions. In Baden, 13. Heidelberg, Protestant, 1817, with 303 students; 14. Freiburg, Catholic, 1817, with 275 students. In the Electorate of Hesse, 15. Marburg, Protestant, 1812, with 197 students. In the Grand Duchy of Hesse, 16. Giessen, Protestant, 1813, with 241 students. In Holstein, 17. Kiel, Pro-nity of clearly proving that that most inva

THE FINE ARTS.

THE BRITISH INSTITUTION.

No. 2.

Mr. Brande proposes in the present course, first, to discuss and illustrate the object and principles of Chemistry; and, secondly, to consider the application of No. XXXII. JERUSALEM AT THE TIME F Chemical Philosophy to the examination of THE CRUCIFIXION. St. Matt. ch. xxii. nature, and to the purposes of the arts. 45th, 51st, and 52d vers.-T. C. Hofland. The latter division would naturally lead to This artist aims very high, and if, in the a consideration of the numerous and valua-present instance, he has fallen at all short ble discoveries which had been made on Geology by the application of Chemistry (particularly since its union with Electricity) to that most important object of investigation-discoveries which could be relied on with certainty, because they could be proved by experiments made both analytically and synthetically whereas, in the animal and vegetable worlds, the principle of vitality rendered analysis the only practicable mode of investigation.

of his mark, it must be recollected ow many and how great were the difficulties with which he had to contend; and how much expectation, as well as imagination, is employed in contemplating such ascene. On all attempts to represent the supernatural, the opinions are as various as the

66

thick-coming fancies" of mankind. The painter is tied down to no rules, except that he shall not violate the estabished canons of art. Mr. Hofland has effected a In the course of the lecture, Mr. Brande great deal towards bringing the feelngs of alluded to the Safety Lamp of Sir H. Davy, the spectator to bear upon the subline suband said, that he should take an opportu-ject before him; the awful stillnes, which might be supposed immediately o follow

the "darkness all over the land," is well expressed, and the light introduced, (however it is to be accounted for) no more than is absolutely necessary to pictorial intelligence. The forms are grand, and the tone of colour suitable to the occasion. Upon the whole, we look upon this picture with a full con

ful an ascendency. Perhaps the boats on |
the left should have been higher and bolder,
and more grey tones in the remoter parts of
the picture. But taken altogether, it is a
most meritorious and pleasing production.
LXIV. BANDITTI.-Ab. Cooper, A. R. A.
In the true spirit of romance, as well as

nition, a vivified mummy, is a proof of the latter; and the Pool of Bethesda is another, though possessing some beauties which redeem it from unmingled censure. It brings to our recollection some of the finest efforts of ancient art, and has a tone of colour, and texture of execution, extremely difficult to

viction of the ability and talent of the artist, in the true spirit of art, is this admirable attain. But these belong only to the lower

and of its belonging to that class of art perfectly congenial to the spirit of the

British Institution.

LII. VIRTUE in danger.— -Fradelle. We are concerned to say of this performance, that both the drawing and the subject are incorrect, and, if we may be allowed a pun, we should call it, instead of virtue, vertu in danger. Good taste and propriety are alike offended, and with the skill Mr. Fradelle really possesses, we could wish him a better choice of subject. Yet, after all, where he has made a better choice (No. 80) there is still much room for improvement. A foreign artist should, in English subjects, endeavour to paint the character of the country, in the same manner as in conversation he attempts to speak its language. Were it not set down in the catalogue, we could never mistake the figures in this piece for Milton and his daughter.

X. LAMBETH; LOOKING TOWARDS WEST-
MINSTER BRIDGE.-J. Stark.

In the Literary Gazette of the 31st ult. on throwing a coup d'œil over the gallery previous to its being opened for public inspection, we noticed the distinguished rank in which this artist made his appearance before us. The pleasing familiar scene to which we now turn, is depicted to great advantage by his pencil: while we admire his choice of subject, and his brilliant and warm tone of colouring, we are led to advert to the means by which a view, (not often seen under such favourable hues) is here displayed with so much effect, arising rather out of a certain system, or style of

scene represented, with all the hurry of qualities of such a subject. Some of the
fear and exploit. An impression thus figures are unnatural abortions, and the
angel a hard and pedantic form, which not
made will sufficiently prove that the per-only" troubles the waters" but annoys
formance has produced its full effect. And every feeling of good art. Neither do we
even in the minor considerations of tech- think its introduction at all essential; on
nical import, it is replete with every merit. the contrary, the action of the piece takes
There is a vigour of pencil, a truth of de- place after, not at, the time the angel has
lineation, a degree of fire and character, performed its task. The Fall of Phaeton
belonging entirely to the subject, which are
is an exquisite and spirited production-
in this, as in nearly all the works of this
artist, pre-eminently displayed. The in-nothing can surpass it in conception and
execution. The idea of the light and
terest is so great, that we absolutely seem
shadow appears to be embodied from some
"To wait for the motion and list for the sound." sublime conflict of the elements, and,
In short, we have seldom seen so rare an though of small size, the treatment is
union of talent in a picture of this kind, every way worthy of the subject. The
which delineates human as well as animal Blood-hound has been already exhibited,
forms.
and it is not our intention to take much
notice of pictures coming under this de-
scription. The Obstinate Ass is an ad-
mirable morceau, full of humour and na-
ture. He must belong to the same genus,
who questions this verdict.
(To be continued.)

No. CLI. BATTLE SKETCH.-Vigorous,
and reminds us of the style of Borgononi,
the most difficult of imitation.-CLIII.
CLVII. STILL LIFE.-Well painted.
CLXIII. MAMBRINO'S HELMET.-Formerly
exhibited, but all tending to establish the
reputation of the same artist.
CXXVII. A SCENE ON THE BOULEVARDS,

PARIS.-W. Collins, A. R. A.

We cannot tell what may be the feeling little gem; but we think they must be or opinion of foreign artists on viewing this steeped above the very eyes in prejudice, if they do not regard it with the admiration it deserves, as a highly characteristic representation of the scene, as well as a fine specimen of excellent art. It is indeed a delightful picture. The tone is pure and brilliant; the dramatis persona lively, and truly French; the humour has nothing to offend even national predilections, yet possesses all the spirit of caricature, without its exaggeration. The same artist has two other works in the exhibition, of very considerable merit.

No. LXIII. ADMONITION. LXXI. FALL OF

art, than out of a strict imitation of nature.
In such remarks as these, upon this, or
any other performance, we desire to be un-
derstood as going to general principles,
and not confining ourselves to the particu-
lar picture before us. We take the liberty
PHAETON. XCIV. POOL OF BETHESDA
of stopping, especially at subjects like this,
of interest and excellence, which remind
CXLI. A BLOOD-HOUND. CLXXXII.
THE OBSTINATE ASS. CCLXIX. A
us of whatever is connected with such prin-
ciples, to throw out what may be considered
STALLION LOOSE.—James Ward, R. A.
as hints, either of individual or universal" Will Fortune never come with both hands full?"
application. With some reference, there- It is impossible not to feel astonishment
fore, to this delightful work, we may re- at the disproportion of talent evinced in
peat, that when the fascination of system these pictures. In some it is of the highest
prevails, nature becomes less an object of order, in others so misused, as to deserve
imitation, than a subordinate medium for the appellation of debasement. Mr. Ward
the display of a peculiar knowledge of the is an enthusiast in art, and employs the
harmonious arrangement of colours, and of same exalted powers, as enthusiasts gene-
the bending of forms to a settled idea of rally do, in illustrating his pursuit by the
good composition. All this is certainly finest achievements, or sinking it into
proper in its place, but, carried to excess, bathos, by the wildest fantasies. With
becomes the foundation of mannerism; the same masterly hand he shews us to
and the great difficulty with which the what height modern genius can soar, and
young artist has to struggle, is to study the what obselete trash, worthy only of oblivion,
economy and use of embellishment, and it can select for resuscitation, in all the de-
stop short whenever it assumes too power-formity of bad taste and ignorance. Admo- |

ANTIQUITIES.

[From the Morning Chronicle.] By a letter from a gentleman, now in favoured, we learn that the attempt to reEgypt, with a perusal of which we have been move the Colossal Bust of Memnon, from amidst the ruins of Thebes, made in the course of last year, had perfectly succeeded. It had been conveyed to Alexandria, where it was embarked for Malta, for the

purpose of being brought to England, to be placed in the British Museum. The Bust is described in the letter as consisting of a single piece of granite, of a flesh colour from the top of the head to the neck, the rest being grey; the weight is computed at made several excavations, and discovered a fourteen tons. The writer of the letter bodies of women and lions' heads, beautirow of Sphinxes, of black marble, with the fully sculptured, and several of them quite perfect; and also a statue of Jupiter, of cream-coloured marble. After reaching Alexandria with the bust, he took a second journey to Thebes, and re-commencing his excavations, he discovered a beautiful colossal head of Osiris; one of the arms was also found, which measured eleven feet: after working for twenty days, a temple was opened, containing fourteen large chambers, including a spacious hall, in which were found eight colossal statues thirty feet high, all standing, and quite perfect. Four others were found in the sanctuary. The walls were covered with hieroglyphics. A small statue of Jupiter, found in the great hall, and two lions with ox heads, were brought from thence, for the purpose of being also conveyed to England.

ORIGINAL POETRY.

THE LAST TEAR.

She had done weeping, but her eyelash yet
Lay silken heavy on her lilied cheek,
And on its fringe a tear, like a lone star
Shining upon the rich and hyacinth skirts
O'the western cloud that veils the April even.
The veil rose up, and with it rose the star,
Glittering above the gleam of tender blue,
That widen'd as the shower clears off from Heav'n.
Her beauty woke,-a sudden beam of soul
Flash'd from her eye, and lit the vestal's cheek
Into one crimson, and exhaled the tear.

EPIGRAM.

To a Lady with an exposed Bosom, who wore a
Key as a Brooch.

Quoth a wild wag, "It seems to me
Quite odd-Do stop and mind it!
To lock the door, and hang the key
Where every fool may find it."

Hush!' was the answer, ''tis a joke,
You know it by this token,-
No soul can want the key,-for, look!
The door is left wide open!'

Unlike the Heav'n that greybeards preach,
By bars and bolts confin'd;
One Paradise, let Cynthia teach,
Is free to humankind.

SKETCH

From a Painting of a beautiful Child sorrowing over her dead Bird.

'Tis her first grief,-the bird is dead! How many a mournful word was said! How many a tear was o'er it shed!

The anguish of the shock has past,
Yet Memory's thoughts those eyes o'ercast;
As like the violet gemm'd with dew,
Glitters thro' tears their lovely blue.

'Tis her first grief!-motionless there
Is stretch'd the fondling of her care.
No longer may she hear his voice,
No longer in his sports rejoice;
And scarcely dare she lift her eyes
To where the lifeless treasure lies.
But yesterday who could foresee
That such a change as this might be,
That she should call and he not hear,
That bird who knew and lov'd her dear;
Who, when her finger touch'd bis cage,
'Gainst it a mimic war would wage;
Who peck'd the sweetmeat from her hand,
And on her ringlets took his stand.
All as these recollections rise,
Again does sorrow drown the eyes,
The little bosom swell with sighs.
"Another bird!"-No never, never!
Empty shall lie that cage for ever.

'Tis her first grief!-and it will fade
Or ere the next sun sinks in shade.
Ah! happy age, when smile and tear
Alternate in the eyes appear;
When sleep can every care remove,
And morn's light wake to hope and love.
But childhood flies like spring-time's hour,
And deepening shadows o'er youth lour.
Even thou, fair girl, must one day know
Of life the painfulness and woe;
The sadness that sleep cannot cure,
Griefs that thro' nights and days endure;
Those natural pangs to mortals given,
To wean us from this earth, and lead our thoughts

to Heav'n.

ISABEL.

STANZAS.

"Life is a jest !"-A jest, O no!
At least I have not found it so.
A jest!-a bitter jest indeed,
That often makes the bosom bleed.

Life is no jest!-No, no! and he
Who said it spoke in mockery.
Life is a dull and twice told tale,
Where melancholy thoughts prevail.

BIOGRAPHY.

mencement of 1817, M. de Humboldt was appointed ambassador to London, in the room of M. Jacobi Kloest.

Though M. de Humboldt has acquired so brilliant a reputation as a diplomatist, his literary attainments are by no means unimportant. He has produced an excellent translation of Pindar, and a poetical J. translation of Eschylus's tragedy of Agamemnon, which appeared in 1816.

BARON C. W. DE HUMBOLDT.
We have deferred till our next Number the
continuation of the review of M. Humboldt's
new work, in order to make room for a
biographical account of that distinguished
traveller, and his brother, the present Prus-
sian Ambassador at the Court of London.

If it be matter of surprise that, amidst the important affairs with which this minister has been entrusted, he should have found time to complete a work which required no less erudition than poetic genius, our astonishment is increased two-fold on reading the translation. He has imitated the Greek metre, both in the dialogue and choruses; and the translation is altogether so faithful, that it gives the original not only line for line, but word for word. Finally, it is an effort of which perhaps the German language alone is capable. It is equally remarkable that M. de Humboldt has studied the Basque language to a greater extent than any other literary character. During his travels, he chanced to live in the house of a Biscayan curate. The good pastor spoke of his native language with so much enthusiasm, that the traveller determined to reside for several weeks in the village in order to acquire it. He read every work that is printed in the Basque language, and all the manuscripts he could procure, and thus enabled himself to communicate to the rest of Europe an original and almost unknown language, which bears no resemblance to any other. M. de Humboldt has published a Basque vocabulary consisting of about 6000 words, in the 4th volume of Adelung's Mithridates, continued by M. Fater, Berlin 1817.

Baron Charles William de Humboldt, Minister of State and Privy-Counsellor of the King of Prussia, Chief of the Department for superintending Religion, and Director-General of Public Education, was in 1810 appointed ambassador extraordinary to the court of Vienna, and created a knight of the Red Eagle. He had previously been minister from Prussia to the court of Rome. In February 1814, Baron de Humboldt was one of the plénipotentiaries of the Allied Powers, who assembled at Chatillon-sur-Seine, to negociate for peace with France. At the Congress of Vienna he was distinguished for talent and extensive knowledge. He was one of the principal authors of the plan for a constitution, the discussion of which continued until the 16th of November 1814. He was likewise a member of the general committee of the eight Powers who signed the peace of Paris, for the questions relative to the abolition of the slave trade. On the 13th of March 1815, he signed the first declaration of the same Powers, concerning NapoBARON F. H. A. DE HUMBOLDT. leon Bonaparte's return from Elba; and, Frederick Henry Alexander, Baron de on the 12th of May following, the second Humboldt, a celebrated traveller, brother declaration, which may be regarded as the to the individual before mentioned, was last profession of faith made by the Euro-born at Berlin on the 14th of September pean Powers. In the course of the same 1769. He pursued his studies at Göttinmonth, he likewise concluded with Saxony gen, at Franck fort on the Oder, and lastly, a treaty of peace, by which the King of at the Commercial School at Hamburgh Saxony renounced, in favour of Prussia, his (See Buch's Universal Biography.) In claims to various provinces and districts. 1790 he undertook his first journey through This treaty was signed at Vienna on the Europe, accompanied by Forster and Geuns. 18th of May, and ratified on the 21st. To- He visited the banks of the Rhine, Holland, wards the end of the year 1815, M. de and England, and published his ObservaHumboldt was appointed ambassador ex- tions on the Basaltes of the Rhine, Brunstraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to wick 1790, 8vo. In 1791, he studied minethe Court of Vienna; he was, however, re- ralogy and botany, under Werner, at Freicalled in February 1816, and in the month berg; and in 1793, printed at Berlin, his of July was sent to Frankfort, to negociate Specimen Flora Freibergensis Subterranea, respecting territorial arrangements, and to In 1792, he became assessor of the Council be present at the diet of the Germanic Con- of Mines at Berlin, and afterwards directorfederation. In October he laid before the general of the mines of the principality of members of the diet a memorial respecting Anspach and Bayreuth, in Franconia. There the mode of treating the affairs which might he founded several magnificent establishbe submitted to their discussion. As a ments, such as the School of Steben, and reward for his services, the King of Prussia was likewise one of the first who repeated about this time created him a member of the five experiments of Galvani. Not satisthe council of state, and granted him a fied with merely observing the muscular dotation amounting to the annual value of and nervous irritability of animals, he had five thousand crowns. About the com- the courage to make very painful experi

ments on himself, the results of which he incredible labour. Finally he departed, to- that was ever transported to Europe: it published, with remarks by Blumenbach, in wards the middle of the summer, for the contains 6300 different species. Animated a work written in German, Berlin, 1796, volcano of Tungaragno and the Nevado del by an ardent desire for making discoveries, 2 vols. 8vo. The first volume has been Chimborazo. They passed through the and endowed with the means of satisfying translated into French by J. F. N. Jadelot, ruins of Riobamba, and several other vil- this noble ambition, M. de Humboldt has under the following title: Experiences sur lages, destroyed on the 7th of February extended his researches to every branch of te Galranisme, et en general sur l'irritation | 1797, by an earthquake, which in one mo- physical and social knowledge. The mass des Fibres Musculaires et Nerveuses, 1799, ment swallowed up more than 40,000 indi- of curious information, which he collected 8vo. In 1795, M. de Humboldt travelled viduals, and ultimately, after innumerable in the New World, surpasses all that has to Italy and Switzerland, accompanied by M. difficulties, arrived on the 23d of June on ever resulted from the investigations of any de Friedeleben; and in 1797, he proceeded the eastern side of Chimborazo, and fixed other individual. He has diffused a new with his brother to Paris, where he became their instruments on the brink of a porphy- light over the history of our species, extendacquainted with M. Aimé Bonpland. At ry rock, which projected over an immense ed the limits of mathematical geography, that time he entertained a wish to form part space covered with an impenetrable bed of and added an infinite number of new ob of the expedition of Capt. Baudin; but the snow. A breach, about five hundred feet jects to the treasures of botany, zoology, renewal of hostilities with Austria prevent- in width, prevented them from advancing and mineralogy. These precious acquisied him from embarking. M. de Humboldt further. The density of the air was one- tions, each classed in the order to which now turned his thoughts seriously towards half reduced; they experienced the bitter- they belong, were published in 1805, and executing a plan which he had long since est cold; they breathed with difficulty, and several succeeding years, at Paris, Hamformed, namely, of making a philosophic the blood flowed from their eyes, lips, and burgh and London, in the following manvisit to the East. He anxiously wished to gums. They were then on the most elevat-ner-1. Voyage aux Regions Equinoxiales join the expedition which had departed for ed point that had ever been touched by du Noveau Continent, pendant les Années Egypt, from whence he hoped to penetrate mortal footsteps. They stood at an eleva- 1799, 1800, 1801, 1802, 1803 et 1804; 4 as far as Arabia, and then to the English tion of 3485 feet higher than that which vols. 4to. The first published in 1814-1817, settlements by crossing the Persian Gulf. Condamine attained in 1745, and were con- has likewise appeared in 4 vols. 8vo.He waited two months at Marseilles to ob- sequently 19,500 feet above the level of the 2. I'ues de Cordilières et Monuments des Peutain his passage on board a Swedish frigate sea. From this position of extreme height | ples indigenes de l'Amerique, 1811; 2 vols. which was to convey a Consul from Sweden they ascertained, by means of a trigonome-large folio, with plates: 1814, 2 vols. Svo. to Algiers. At length, supposing that he trical operation, that the summit of Chim- 3. Recueil d'Observations Astronomiques, et might easily find means to proceed from borazo was 2140 feet higher than the point de Mesures executées dans le Nouveau ConSpain to Barbary, he set out for the former on which they stood. Having concluded tinent, 2 vols 4to. M. de Humboldt has country, carrying with him a considerable these important observations, M. de Hum- neglected no means of verifying his calcu collection of physical and astronomical in-boldt directed his course towards Lima, the lations. He has submitted to the examinastruments. After remaining several months capital of Peru. He remained for several tion of the Bureau de Longitude, a portion at Madrid, the Spanish Government granted months in that city, enchanted with the of his astronomical observations on lunar him permission to visit their colonies in the vivacity and intelligence of its inhabitants. distances, and the eclipses of the satellites new world. He immediately wrote to Paris, During his residence among the Peruvians, of Jupiter. Nearly 500 barometrical heights to request that M. Bonpland would accom- he observed, at the port of Callao, the emer- have, moreover, been calculated by M. pany him, and the two friends embarked at sion of the passage of Mercury on the disk Prony, according to the formula of M. La Corunna, on board a Spanish vessel. They of the Sun. From Lima he proceeded to Place-4. Essai sur la Geographie des arrived at Cumana, in South America, in New Spain, where he remained for the Plantes, ou Tableau Physique des Regions July 1799. The remainder of the year was space of a year; he arrived at Mexico in Equinoxiales, fondé sur des Observations et spent in visiting the provinces of New An- April 1803. In the neighbourhood of that des mesures faites depuis le 100 degré de dalusia and Spanish Guyana. They return- city he discovered the trunk of the famous latitude australe, jusqu'au 10o degré de làed to Cumana by the mission of the Carai- Cheirostemon Platonoides, the only tree of titude boreale; 4to. with a large plate.bees, and in 1800 proceeded to the island of that species that is to be seen in New Spain: 5. Plantes Equinoviales, recueillies au MeCuba, where, in the space of three months, it has existed since the remotest ages, and aique, dans l'Isle de Cuba, dans le Provinces M. de Humboldt determined the longitude is nine yards in circumference. The la- de Caracas, de Cumana, &c. 2 vols. folio.of the Havannah, and assisted the planters bours of M. de Humboldt were now drawing 6. Monographie de Melastomes; 2 vols. in constructing furnaces for the preparation to a close. He made several excursions folio.-7. Nova Genera et Species Plantaof sugar. In 1801 several false reports were during the months of January and February rum; 3 vols. folio.-8. Recueil d'Observacirculated respecting the voyage of Captain 1804; but they were his last, and he has- tions de Zoologie et d'Anatomie comparées, Baudin, which induced M. de Humboldt to tened to embark for the Havaunah. In July faites dans un Voyage aux Tropiques; 2 form the design of meeting him; but in or- he set sail for Philadelphia, and after hav-vols. 4to.-9. Essai Politique sur la Nouder to avoid accidents he sent his collections ing resided for some time in the United velle Espagne; 1811, 2 vols. 4to, with a and manuscripts to Europe, and set out him- States, he crossed the Atlantic and arrived folio atlas, or five vols. 8vo. with plates.self in the month of March. The unfavour- in France, after an absence of six years, 10. Physique General et Géologie; 1 vol. able state of the weather, however, prevent- marked by labours the most useful and sa- 4to (not yet published).-11. Ansichten der ed him from pursuing the course he had tisfactory, though filled with fatigue, dan- Natur; Tubingen, 1808, 8vo,; translated traced out; and he resolved to visit the su- gers, and distress, of every kind. During into French by M. Eyries, under the superperb collection of Mutis, a celebrated Ame- his travels, M. de Humboldt rectified, by intendence of the Author.-12. De Distrirican naturalist. In September 1801, M. the most exact operations, the errors which|butione Geographicà Plantarum secundum de Humboldt set out for Quito, where he had been committed in fixing the geograarrived in the month of January 1802. phical positions of most of the points of the There he was at length able to repose after New World. He has likewise discovered his fatigues, and to enjoy the pleasures of a very ingenious method, preferable to any hospitality amidst the most beautiful pro- description, for demonstrating, under a sinductions of nature. At Quito, M. de Hum-gle point of view, the accumulated results holdt, accompanied by the son of the Marquess de Selva Alegre, (who, through an ardent passion for science, had never quitted him since his arrival,) determined on an enterprise, the execution of which cost him

of his topographical and mineralogical ob-
servations. He has given profiles of the
vertical sections of the countries he visited.
The herbal which he brought with him from
Mexico is one of the richest in exotic plants

Cali temperiem_et_altitudinem montium prolegomena; Paris, 1817; 8vo. 13. Sur l'Elevation des Montagnes de l'Inde; Svo. M M. Humboldt and Bonpland haring shared together all the fatigues and dangers of their journey, agreed that their works should be published under the names of both; the Preface of each work explaining to whom such and such a portion is specifically due. M. de Humboldt also laboured in common with M. de Gay-Lussac,