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Sed quoniam earum rerum quas ego geffi, non eft eadem fortuna atque conditio, que illorum qui externa bella gefferunt: quod mihi vivendum fit cum illis, quos vici ac fubegi: ifti hoftes aut interfectos, aut oppreffos reliquerunt: veftrum eft: Quirites, fi cæteris recta fua facta profunt, mihi mea ne quando obfint, providere; mentes enim hominum audaciffimorum fceleratæ ac nefariæ ne vobis nocere poffent, ego providi: ne mihi noceant, veftrum eft providere, Quanquam, Quirites, mihi quidem ipfi nihil jam ab iftis noceri poteft; magnum enim eft in bonis præsidium, quod mihi in perpetuum comparatum eit: magna in republicą dignitas, quæ me femper tacita defendet; magna vis eft confcientiæ, quam qui negligent, cum me violare volent, fe ipfi indicabunt. Eft etiam in nobis is animus, Quirites, ut non modo nullius audaciæ cedamus, fed etiam omnes improbos ultro femper laceffamus. Quod fi omnis impetus domefticorum hoftium depulfus à vobis fe in me unum converterit; vobis erit providendum, Quirites, qua conditione pofthac eos effe velitis, qui fe pro falute veftra obtulerint invidiæ, periculifque omnibus. Mihi quidem ipfi quid eft quod jam ad vitæ fructum poffit acquiri, præfertim cum neque in honore veftro, neque in gloria virtutis quidquam videam altius, quò quidem mihi libeat afcendere? Illud perficiam profecto, Quirites, ut ea quæ gefli in confulatu, privatus tuear, atque ornem; ut, fiqua eft invidia in confervanda republica fufcepta, lædat invidos, mihi valeat ad gloriam. Denique ita me in republica tractabo; ut meminerim femper quæ gef, ferim, curemque ut ea virtute, non cafu gefta effe videantur. Vos, Quirites, quoniam jam nox eft, veneramini illum Jovem, cuftodem hujus urbis ac veftrum; atque in veftra tecta difcedite; & ea, quan, quam jam periculum eft depulfum, tamen, æque ac priori nocte custo diis vigiliifque defendite. Id ne vobis diutius faciendum fit, atque ut in perpetua pace effe poffitis, providebo, Quirites.'

Which Capt. R. tranflates thus:

For all these ineftimable benefits, I do not even afk the reward of virtue. I deure no monument; I folicit no triumphs.. A perpetual commemoration, an eternal memorial of the event, is the fum of my withes. Let all my triumphs, my enfigns of honor, my monuments of glory, all orations in my praife, be conftructed in your minds. Let them be there depofited, and preferved. Mute honors, and filent memorials of glory, the reward of common fervices, affect not me. I with them not. In your memory, O Romans! let my glory live; upon your tongues let it be difplayed; and in the juftice of your and polierity's records, let it gather ftrength from time, and flourish in immortality, And this day, the day of your deliverance, a deliverance which heaven grant may prove eternal! being established as a memorial of your prefervation, will, if my prefages are juft, tranfmit to latest pollerity the glory of my Confulate; and at the fame time establish as a truth to all ages, that at this period lived two citizens; one, who removed the boundaries of your empire from earth to heaven, while the other confirmed the flability of its center, and that the center of the universe.

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But, there is an effential difference between the fucceffes of war and thofe fervices which I have rendered to my country. The gene ral, and the warrior, can fucceed only by the flaughter or enthral

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ment of their enemies. But I continue to live, to affociate with those over whom I have triumphed. Be it therefore your especial care, O my countrymen! that, while the fucceffes of fuch men procure for them the most folid advantages, my fervices may not eventually injure me. I have amply fecured you against the impious and abominable machinations of your enemies; do you then take the fame preCautions in refpect of my fafety.

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Not, my friends, that I apprehend there exifts in my enemies the power of doing violence to my perfon. Great is the defence I have in the friendship of the virtuous; a defence that I am affured will never fail me. Great the dignity of my ftation, my perpetual though filent defender. And great, fo great, indeed, the force of confcience; no man can abuse that monitor, without anticipating that violence meant for me, by a manifeftation of his purpose. There is befide, my friends, a spirit in Cicero, which fcorns to yield to the moft daring oppofition; fuch a fpirit, as courts the attack of the infamous and abandoned. But, if an hoft of domestic enemies, repelled from their attack upon you, fhould oppofe their united force to my fingle perfon; the care of my fafety would then be your duty. In every cafe, O Romans! you are to confider the predicament in which you place thofe, who have the virtue and the courage to fet at nought the malice of thousands; and to incur the most imminent dangers, for your protection and prefervation.

In refpect of personal advantages, what have I now to hope, that can improve the enjoyment of life? The plenitude of your power cannot give me increase of dignity; nor add to my honours. With refpect to the glory of virtue a:fo, I have afcended the climax; and am firmly fixed upon the uppermoft feat. Nevertheless, my conduct in private life, fhall never difgrace my Confulate; but, if poffible, ornament and dignify my public elevation; and I hope in fuch a degree, that if my fervices to the Republic must neceffarily be purfued by the obloquy of envy, thofe efforts will recoil upon itfelf; and ferve eventually to brighten my glory. In brief, my future deportment upon every occafion fhall bear a reference to my paft conduct; that the whole may appear the reful: of uniform and fixed principles of virtue; not the offspring of accident or chance.

Night is now approaching. Offer, therefore, your fupplications to Jove, the guardian of yourselves and of your city. Retire to your abodes; and though you might, I doubt not, lie down without apprehenfions, ftill for this night keep watch as before. Afterward, your watchings will be no longer neceffary. I, my friends, will from that time forward be refponsible for your continuance in peace and fafety.'

If we may venture to trust our untaught ears, we must be of opinion, that the flowing harmony of the original, especially in the former part of this paffage, is wholly loft in the abrupt and disjointed fentences of the tranflation. We must also add, that in the first fentence, the Tranflator, in breaking up the conftruction, has miffed the Author's meaning. Cicero does not fay, that he asks not the reward of virtue: this was the reward of which he was above all things ambitious; but he asked no other recompence than the perpetual commemoration of that day.

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day. Let all orations in my praise be conftructed in your minds,' is an aukward phrafe, fcarcely intelligible. In the justice of your and pofterity's records, &c.' is a ftiff and inelegant arrangement.-At the clofe of this paragraph, the Tranflator introduces an extravagant and ridiculous idea, for which he has no authority in the original: While the other confirmed the ftability of its center, and that the center of the univerfeThis paffage is, in our judgment, much more harmoniously, as well as correctly, rendered in Duncan's Tranflation:

"For all these important services, Romans, I desire no other reward of my zeal, no other mark of honour, no other monument of praise, but the perpetual remembrance of this day. It is in your breafts alone, that I would have all my triumphs, all my titles of honour, all the monuments of my glory, all the trophies of my renown, recorded and preferved. Lifelefs ftatues, filent teftimonies of fame, in fine, whatever can be compaffed by men of inferior merit, has no charms for me. In your remembrance, Romans, fhall my actions be cherished; from your praifes fhall they derive growth and nourishment; and in your annals fhall they ripen and be immortalized. Nor will this day, I flatter myself, ever cease to be propagated, to the fafety of the city, and the honour of my Confulship: but it fhall eternally remain upon record, that there were two citizens living at the fame time in the republic, one of whom was terminating the extent of the empire by the bounds of the horizon icfelf, the other preferving the feat and capital of the empire.”

In the latter paragraph, the Reader cannot but obferve the ungrammatical conftruction of the fentence- And great, fo great indeed the force of confcience, &c.'-With what a redundancy of fwelling words is the Author's meaning clouded, in the verfion of the fentence, Mihi quidem ipfi, &c.' which Duncan, with great clearness and fimplicity, renders, "As to myfelf in particular, what have I farther to wish for in life, fince, both with regard to the honours you confer, and the reputation flowing from virtue, I have already reached the highest point of my ambition ?"-Ornament is inelegantly used as an active verb. In rendering the claufe; Magna enim eft in republica dignitas, que me femper tacita defendet; the Tranflator has exchanged the idea of the dignity of the Republic for the dignity of office and, not contented with this perverfion of his Author's meaning, he remarks, in a Note, that Shakespeare feems to have had this paffage in view, when he makes the King in Hamlet fay,

"Do not fear our perfon ;

There's fuch divinity doth hedge a King,
That treason can but peep to what it would,
Aûts little of its will,”

To

To difcover this resemblance furely required the penetration of a Fluellin, who could find Macedon in Monmouth, and Alexander the Great in Harry of Monmouth.-But probably the Tranflator labours under fome confufion in his ideas on this fubject, and is not aware, that no two things in nature are more unlike each other, than the divinity of a King, and the dignity of a Republic, the MAJESTY of the PEOPLE.

We fhall next felect our Tranflator's verfion of the animated conclufion of Cicero's Oration in defence of Milo :

His lacrymis non movetur Milo; eft quodam incredibili robore animi: exilium ibi effe putat, ubi virtuti non fit locus: mortem naturæ finem effe, non pœnam. Sit hic eâ mente, quâ natus eft; quid? vos Judices, quo tandem animo eritis? memoriam Milonis retinebitis, ipfum ejicietis ? & erit dignior locus in terris ullus, qui hanc virtutem excipiat, quàm hic qui procreavit? Vos, vos appello, for tiffimi viri, qui multum pro republicâ fanguinem effudiftis; vos in viri & in civis invicti appello periculo, centuriones, vofque milites : vobis non modo infpectantibus, fed etiam armatis, & huic judicio præfidentibus, hæc tanta virtus ex hâc urbe expelletur? exterminabitur? projicietur? ô me miferum! me infelicem! revocare tu me in patriam, Milo, potuifti per hos? ego te in patriâ per eofdem retinere non potero? Quid refpondebo liberis meis, qui te parentem alterum putant? quid tibi, Q. frater, qui nunc abes, conforti mecum temporum illorum ? me non potuiffe Milonis falutem tueri per eofdem, per quos noftram ille fervaffet? at in quâ causâ non potuiffe? quæ eft grata gentibus? à quibus non potuiffe? ab iis, qui maximè P. Clodii morte acquierunt; quo deprecante ? me. Quodnam ego concepi tantum fcelus? aut quod in me tantum facinus admifi Judices, cùm illa indicia communis exitii indagavi, patefeci, protuli; extinxi? omnes in me meofque redundant ex fonte illo dolores, Quid me reducem effe voluiftisan ut, infpectante me, expellerentur ii, per quos effem reftitutus ? Nolite, obfecro vos, pati, mihi acerbiorem reditum effe, quàm fuerit ille ipfe difceffus. Nam qui poffum putare me reftitutum effe, fi diftrahor ab iis, per quos reftitutus fum? Utinam dii immortales feciffent (pace tuâ, patria, dixerim : metuo enim ne fceleratè dicam in te, quod pro Milone dicam piè) ut P. Clodius non modò viveret, fed etiam Prætor, Conful, Dictator, effet potiùs quàm hoc fpectaculum viderem. O dii immortales! fortem, & à vobis, Judices, confervandum virum! Minimè, minimè, inquit ; immò verò pœnas ille debitas luerit: nos fubeamus, fi ita neceffe eft, non debitas. Hiccine vir patriæ natus, ufquam nifi in patriâ morietur? aut, fi fortè, pro patriâ, hujus vos animi monumenta retinebitis, corporis in Italiâ nullum fepulchrum effle patiemini? hunc fuâ quifquam fententiâ ex hâc urbe expellet, quem omnes urbes expulfum à vobis ad fe vocabunt? O terram illam beatam, quæ hunc virum exceperit! hanc ingratam, fi ejecerit! miferam, fi amiferit! Sed finis fit; neque enim præ lacrymis jam loqui poffum: & hic fe lacrymis defendi vetat; vos oro obteftorque, judices, ut in fententiis ferendis, quod fentietis, id audeatis. Veftram virtutem, juftitiam, fidem (mihi credite) is maximè probabit, qui in judicibus legendis optimum & fapientiffimum & fortiffimum quemque legit.'

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Still fuperior to his fate, behold Milo! Still unmoved, even by this torrent of tears. What fortitude, what dignity of foul! Alas! he deems nothing banishment, but what fevers him from virtue! Death itself to him, is but a common incident of nature; no object of punishment! Let him think fo ever; and may the fame dignity of mind, which was born, expire with him! But how, my Lords, are you to determine? With what feelings can you condemn Milo? Can you reflect on the benefits you have derived from his virtues; and, at the fame time, caft him forth from among you? Or, can there be, fellow-citizens, fo noble a foil for the display of virtues, as that wherein they first bloffomed? I call on you, ye heroes! on you, who have fo freely, fo unfparingly bled, for your country's honour! on you, centurions! foldiers of Rome! bravest and belt of men! on you I call, and in the hour big with the fate of my friend! on you, who behold the scene, with arms in your hands, guarding this affembly, I call! and, of you, I afk: whether fuch ftupendous virtue, fuch undaunted courage, fhall be thruft forth, expelled, extirpated from your city?

O wretched, miferable Cicero! fhall future ages record that you, Milo, could prevail on those very men to whom I now appeal, to reftore me to Rome; and that, in a viciffitude of fortune, I was unable to preserve you to your country? How, alas! fhall I anfwer this to my children, who think they never can be orphans, while Milo lives? How juftify myself to you, Quintus, my abfent brother, but once my affociate in the common dangers of the times? How, alas! be able to tell you, that all my intereft with thofe, who were the means of my own prefervation, could not fecure the fafety of Milo? In what a caufe, O Heaven! have I failed? In defending an act, the admiration of the universe. And, who were the men could not be prevailed upon? The very men who were benefited by the death of Clodius. Who the advocate? CICERO HIMSELF.

• What wickedness have my conceptions teemed withal? Of what crimes have I been convicted? I difcovered, I profecuted, I diffolved a confpiracy, fraught with the ruin of the republic. Alas! from that fountain all my forrows flow! But, wherefore did you decree my return from banishment? To be a witness to the banishment of those who were the inftruments of my return? Spare me, I beseech you, fpare me, my Lords, the mortification of feeling greater compunctions of diftrefs by my restoration to Rome, than at my feparation from thence. But how, indeed, can you fay that I am restored to my country, when I am torn from those who effected my return? O! that the Gods! with reverence to my country I fpeak, left my pious declarations for Milo fhould be conftrued a libel upon you; O, that the allpowerful Gods had permitted, that Clodius fhould have lived, been Prætor, Conful, Dictator; rather than that I fhould have beheld fuch a day of calamity to Milo! Immortal Gods! is not this the inftant, that the prefervation of a brave man waits upon your faving power? He waves the question. The traitor then fuffers the juft penalties of his crimes. Let me, however, rather fuffer those penalties I have not deferved. And fhall fuch a man, the man born to be the deliverer of his country, be refufed the privilege of fuccouring that country in future, or of yielding his last breath in his native land? Can you fuf

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