FRANCE.

The defeats of the French armies in Spain produced a great sensation in Paris. The Conservative Senate held three extraordinary meetings, the object of whose assembling was believed to be the raising a new Conscription of 160,000 men ; in order to supply the immense losses in Spain and Portugal, and to make a last desperate effort in the Peninsula.

The Twelfth Bulletin of the Grand Army, dated Witepsk, Aug. 7, says, "At the battle of the Drissa the Russian General Kaulnieu, a distinguished officer of the light troops, was killed; ten other Generals were wounded; four Colonels were killed. General Ricard, with his brigade, entered Dunabourg the 1st August. He found eight pieces of cannon; all the remainder had been taken away. The Duke of Tarente also arrived there on the 2d. Thus Dunabourg, that the Enemy has been fortifying for five years, where he has expended several millious, which cost him more than 20,000 men during the labour, has been abandoned without firing a musket, and is in our power, like the other works of the Euemy, and like the entreuched camp which he had on the Drissa,"

The

The Thirteenth Bulletin, dated Smolensko, Aug. 21, states, that on that day there was a severe engagement at Inkovo, ju which Sebastiani's division was defeated with loss. The French having crossed the Borysthenes, for the purpose of attacking Smolensko, which is seated on the left bank of that river, on the 14th, a partial battle took place at Krasnoi, in which the French claim the victory; and on the 16th they arrived within sight of Smolensko. Russians had placed 30,000 troops in the city, while the main body of their forces lined the right bank of the Borysthenes; their communication with the city being kept up by means of bridges. On the 17th, the attack upon Smolensko commenced, and the principal efforts of Buonaparte were directed to carry the suburbs. The contest seems to have been most obstinate; Smolensko was involved in a conflagration, which, to use the exaggerated language of the Bulletin, resembled an eruption of Vesuvius. Ultimately, at one in the morning of the 18th, the city was evacuated by the Russian troops, who recrossed the river, and joined their main body. In this desperate conflict, the French acknowledge a loss of 700 killed, and 3,200 wounded; Gen. Grabouski being among the former, and Generals Grandeau and Dalton among the latter; while they assert, that on the side of their opponents, the loss amounted to five Generals and 4700 men killed, 7 or 8000 wounded, and 2000 prisoners.

The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Bulletins are made up of references to former battles. The loss of the Russians at Smolensko and Valentina, is now stretched from 25 to 30,000 men." Were this statement in any degree correct, and all their other losses added to this number, we might lay aside our hopes; for the French would have already killed and taken one-half of the army which the Emperor Alexander originally sent into the field. Both armies. are on the road to Moscow. The Russians, to retard the Enemy's progress, are breaking up the roads, and destroying the bridges. The Duke of Belluno was advancing, with 30,000 men, from Tilsit to Wilna. The Enemy had made no progress in the siege of Riga-their heavy artillery had not arrived.

The Sixteenth Bulletin, dated Viasma, Aug. 31, states the progressive advance of Buonaparte's head-quarters on the 27th, 28th, 29th, and 30th ult. on which latter day the town of Viasma was taken possession of by the Euemy; but not until the Russians had destroyed the magazines, and a considerable 'part of the town was in flames, while the population retired towards Moscow.

It is said, that the French head-quarters had been removed from Viasma, and that the army was advancing. The sum and substance of these Bulletins amounts to this, that the French have certainly gained ground, inasmuch as they approach Moscow; but their loss has been severe, and they are not able to break or dispirit the Russian army. The Russians retire unbroken; and Buonaparte, in spite of all his efforts, has gained none of those bril Jiant victories which distinguished his former wars, and enabled him to dictate peace and submission to the vanquished.

RUSSIA.

From the St. Petersburg Gazette, Aug. 5th (16th)..—“ Important intelligence has been just received here from our armies. Bagration, in spite of the utmost efforts of the French army, has effected his junction with the main body, under Gen. Barclay de Tolli. There have been several important actions, in one of which the Viceroy of Italy, Beauharnois, was wounded, and his first aid-de-camp taken." Extract of a Letter from St. Petersburg, Aug. 6. "To day peace is for mally announced with England; and express orders are given at all the out-ports, that ships bearing the British flag shall be openly and amicably received, with their

cargoes.

any other object than the preservation of the national honour and independence.

GERMANY.

The King of Prussia has been for some time considered a prisoner in his own capital (Berlin), and may now be said to be virtually deposed he is gone to the wa ters of Toplitz, leaving Baron Hardenberg to act in his name; as he "does not desire to be troubled with business while taking the baths."-The government of Berlin is under the sole direction of the French.

SICILY.

of Cadiz, issued the following Order of the Day;- Soldiers: It is indispensably necessary to march, in order to revenge the misfortunes which have befallen the imperial eagles in another province; getting rid of what can be sold, and calling in the different corps."

A letter from Bilboa, dated the 9th inst. contains the following particulars "Since the 11th of August, when the French evacuated this place, they have made two attempts to enter again, but were repulsed on both occasions by the Spanish troops. On the 27th ult. the General in Chief, Count Caffarreli, advanced at the head of 9000 infantry, 800 cavalry, and several pieces of artillery, and entered the town without any opposition, the Spanish forces withdrawing on his approach. The Enemy remained here until yesterday, the 8th, when they finally quitted us at two o'clock, p. m, and immediately after

vernment.

SPAIN.

The Regency Gazette of the 8th August contains a decree of the Cortes for the erection, in the fields of Salamanca, of "a grateful monument,' which shall constantly call to the recollection of latest generations, the memorable and glorious battle of the 22d July, and of the union and valour of the Allied army under the Duke of Ciudad Rodrigo.

The insignia of the Order of the Golden Fleece has been sent by the Spanish Regency to the Marquis of Wellington it is magnificently set with brilliants, and is the same as had belonged to the Infant Don Louis.

According to the Enemy's account of the battle of Salamanca, Marmont forced the Allies to Salamanca; when being resolved on battle, and occupied in the final arrangements, he was struck by a shell, which broke his right arm. Clauzel, who succeeded him, it is said, had determined on retreating when this accident took place, which he effected after some hours' fighting, followed by the English cavalry. This is certainly "lying like truth." The unofficial account of this battle in the French papers says, that "the wound the Duke of Ragusa received on the field of battle caused a moment of indecision, which alone saved the Enemy from a total defeat. The English sustained too great a loss to pursue; and the French regained their former position, with all their artillery and baggage, where they are awaiting

reinforcements."

The siege of Cadiz by the French commenced on the 6th of February, 1810, and was raised on the 25th of last month; a period of two years, six months, and 19 days of attack and resistance.

The Enemy, on breaking up the siege GENT. MAG. September, 1812,

ASIA.

The occupation of the fortress of Kalinjur, in Bundelcund, by Col. Martin. dell's force, is now confirmed: the assault was made on the 2d Feb. The three columns employed were led by Lieut.-col. Mawbey, Lieut. col. R. Fraser, and Major Cumberlege. On arriving under the walls, the party was surprised to find the ascent impracticable: a precipice 20 feet high, and for the last six feet nearly perpendicular, was to be surmounted before they could gain the breach. After an ineffectual struggle of two hours, the retreat was sounded. Our loss was considerable. The killed and wounded of the 53d reg. amounts, we understand, to 122 men; among whom are included all the officers present, except Col. Mawbey and another. This loss fell principally on the grenadier company, who led the storm, and who are said to have been 70 strong when they advanced to the breach, having returned only 17. The native part of the column suffered comparatively little, having only 58 killed and wounded in all. Capt, J. Fraser, and Lieut. and Adjutant Nice, of the 53d, lost their lives by musket-shots. Capt. Cuppage, of that corps, is mentioned as dangerously wounded; as were also Capts. Curtman and Andrews, and Lieuts. Stuart, Stone, Young, Booth, Davies, and Cruice. The only officer of the Company's service who is said to have suffered is Lieut. R. C. Faithful, of the pioneers, who received a severe contusion from a stone in the side.-The Kelledar of the fort then renewed his negociations, and surrendered by capitulation.

A letter from Serampore, dated March the 12th, gives an account of a fire which broke out in the printing-office, at the Mission-house, on the evening of the 11th

of

of March, destroying 2000 reams of English paper, worth 5000l. and founts of type in 14 languages, besides English. The loss could not be less than 12,000l. and all the literary labours of the Missionaries were interrupted at once.

Accounts have lately been received by Government, announcing that a definitive treaty of alliance has been concluded between this country and Persia, by Sir Gore Ouseley. The terms of the treaty are represented as highly favourable to British interests, and as well calculated to unite the two countries in the bonds of a lasting and advantageous connection. AFRICA.

Letters from Gibraltar of the 5th ult. notice the arrival, in the Bay, of Colonel Lear, United States Consul at Algiers, in the Allegany. The Dey, it appears, réfused to receive the cargo of naval and military stores sent him by the United States, as different in quantity and quality from what he expected, and ordered all Americans to leave Algiers in the Allegany. This conduct of the Dey is equivalent to a declaration of war, and it is supposed that his squadron has orders to capture all American vessels they may meet with.

AMERICA.

The American Executive has ordered a day of fasting, humiliation, and prayer, throughout the Union.

The tone of the government prints is very hostile; and it is directly stated by their Editors, that the Orders in Council have merged in questions of greater importance.

We are concerned to find, that the private accounts, both from New York and Washington, although supplied by persons extremely anxious for conciliation, give us no prospects more favourable. Mr. Monroe was absent in Virginia; but the opinion of persons in the confidence of the Republican Government was, that if the revocation of the Orders were in. deed received by the Gleaner, it was now too late for such a measure to restore tranquillity, and nothing could be done but by negociation; "that is, I suppose," says one of these letters, "that Great Britain must sue for peace."

Both Houses of Congress adjourned on the 6th July. They are to meet on the 2d of November. During next Session they will consist of the same members. The election of new members for the House of Representatives comes on in November next; the election of President in December. Neither of them will be in office till March next; but these elections will have a considerable influence on the character and duration of the war.'

From the short period of the declaration of war, the Americans have fitted out 220

privateers, which have been very successful in capturing English vessels. Most of

their merchantmen will be converted into this species of force.

Hostilities have already commenced on the borders of Canada; and an American force, composed of 2000 of the neighbouring militia, passed the river on the night of the 11th of July, and took possession of the town of Sandwich, two miles below Detroit. On the 13th, the standard of the United States was erected in Canada, and a proclamation published, inviting the Canadian militia to retire to their homes, and promising peaceable and friendly treatment to the inhabitants on condition of neutrality. Considerable fear seems to be entertained of the junction of the Indians with the British; and the Proclamation declares, that if they are once brouglit forward, no quarter is to be given. The next operation was to be an attack on Fort Malden, a work represented as of considerable strength.

A meeting of the inhabitants of Boston was held on the 18th ult.; at which a number of Resolutions were unanimously agreed to, stigmatizing "the late unnecessary and ruinous declaration of war against Great Britain, and the consequent connection with France, as fatal to the American Union, and destructive of the independence and liberty of the American people."

At a meeting held at Plymouth (Massachusetts) a Resolution was passed, that the war with Great Britain was unnecessary, and that they would not be concerned in fitting out privateers.

An exchange of prisoners has been es tablished between the United States and Great Britain.

In Edenton, a district of North Carolina, U. S. a hail-storm was experienced in June, which extended its ravages to the distance of four miles, destroying the crops, levelling the houses, and killing some hundreds of cattle. The ordinary size of some of the hail-stones was a turkey's egg; but one was taken up which measured 11 inches in circumference. Two days subsequently, a whirlwind attacked the woods in the neighbourhood, and destroyed what had escaped the ravages of the hail-storm. Next day the inhabitants of a district, about 25 miles distant, were surprised by the appearance of a cloud, from which descended a quantity of bushes, large branches of trees, aad other vegetable matter, which was, no doubt, a part of the foliage from the woods at Edenton.

DREADFUL RIOT IN BALTIMORE.

The Federal Republican, a journal of some celebrity, published in Baltimore, had rendered itself noxious by its opposi tion to the war measures of the popular

party.