and family is now 20,000!, per annum. Since his elevation he has purchased several valuable estates in Sweden.

Count Gottorf, in the late offer to join the Moravians, was, it appears, influenced by a passion not, in this particular in stance, the most creditable to his character. He had become enamoured, at first sight, of a girl barely 15 years of age, the daughter of a Moravian Elder: and, in order to procure the father's consent to his espousing her, offered to sacrifice his creed on the altar of Hymen. The parents, under pretence that a Sovereign, though deposed, could not be admitted as one of the brethren, declined the alliance. The Count has since returned to Switzerland.

The Diet at Warsaw, being constituted into a General Confederation of Poland, has named Prince Adam Czartorinski for its President. This Prince, aged 80 years, has for fifty years been Marshal of the Diet of Poland. The first act of the Diet was to declare the kingdom of Poland reestablished.

A Deputation from the Confederation was presented to Buonaparte at Wilna, and submitted to his approbation and protection the Act of Confederation.

To which Napoleon replied as follows: "Gentlemen, Deputies of the Confederation of Poland.

"I have heard with interest what you have related to me.

"POLES! I should have thought and acted like you-like you I would have voted in the Assembly at Warsaw. Love of the Country is the first duty of civilized

man.

"In my situation I have many interests to conciliate, and many duties to perform. Had I reigned during the first, second, or third partition of Poland, I would have armed all my people to support you. Immediately that victory enabled me to restore your antient laws to your capital, and a part of your provinces, I did it without prolonging a war which would have continued to spill the blood of my subjects. "I love your nation: for sixteen years I have seen your soldiers by my side, in the fields of Italy, as well as those of Spain.

GENT. MAG. August, 1812.

"I have held to you the same language since my first appearance in Poland. I must add here, that I have guaranteed to the Emperor of Austria the integrity of his dominions, and that I cannot sanction any manœuvre or any movement which may tend to trouble the peaceable possession of what remains to him of the Polish pro vinces. Let Lithuania, Samogitie, Witispsk, Polotsk, Mohilow, Wilbynu, the Ukraine, Podolia, he animated with the same spirit which I have seen in Great Poland, and Providence will crown with success your holy cause; he will recompense that devotion to your country, which has rendered you so interesting, and acquired you so many claims to my esteem and protection, upon which you may depend under every circumstance"

Thus, it appears, that Buonaparte by no means meditates the entire restoration of the Kingdom of Poland; for he tells the Deputies, that having guaranteed the integrity of the Austrian dominious, the Polish provinces subject to that Power must remain as they are, It is clear enough to perceive, with all his professed love towards the Poles, that be merely wishes to use them as the instruments of

his designs against Russia.

RUSSIA.

PROCLAMATION OF THE EMPEROR ALEXANDER.

[Published in General Orders, by the Commander-in-Chief, General Bennigsen.]

Russians! The Enemy has quitted the Dwina, and has proclaimed his intention of offering battle. He accuses you of timidity, because he mistakes, or affects to mistake, the policy of your system. Can he then have forgotten the chastisement which your valour inflicted at Dunaberg. and Mihr, wherever, in short, it has been deemed proper to oppose him? Desperate counsels are alone compatible with the enterprise he has undertaken, and the dangers of his situation; but shall we therefore be imprudent, and forego the advantages of our own?-He would march to Moscow-let him, But can he, by the temporary possession of that city, conquer the Empire of Russia, and subjugate a population of thirty millions. Distant from his resources near 800 miles, he would, even if victorious, not escape the fate of

the

the warrior Charles XII. When, pressed on every side by hostile armies, with a peasantry sworn to 'his destruction-rendered furious by his excesses, and irreconcileable by difference of religion, of customs, of language, how would he retreat? Russians!-Rely on your Emperor and the Commanders whom he has appointed. He knows the ardent and indignant valour which burns in the bosoms of his soldiers at the boasis of the Enemy. He knows that they are eager for battle; that they grieve at its being deferred, and at the thought of retiring. This cruel necessity will not exist long. Even now the period of its duration lessens. Already are our allies preparing to menace the rear of the invader, while he, inveigled too far to retreat with impunity, shall soon have to combat with the seasons, with famine, and with innumerable armies of Russians. Soldiers, when the period for offering battle arrives, your Emperor will give the signal, will be an eye-witness of your exploits, and reward your valour.

PROCLAMATION OF THE EMPEROR ALEXANDER, ON THE RUSSIAN ARMY BREAKING UP FROM DRISSA.

Beloved Subjects!-In pursuance of the policy advised by our Military Council, the armies will, for the present, quit their positions, and retire further into the interior, in order the more readily to unite. The Enemy may possibly avail himself of this opportunity to advance: he has announced this intention. Doubtless, in spite of his boast, he begins to feel all the difficulties of his menaced attempt to subjugate us, and is anxious therefore to engage; he is desperate, and would therefore put every thing upon the issue of a battle. The honour of our Crown, the interests of our subjects, prescribe, however, a different policy: it is necessary that he should be made sensible of the madness of his attempt. If, urged by the desire of obtaining provisions and forage, or goaded by an insatiable cupidity for plunder, he should be blind to the danger of farther committing himself at such an immense distance from his territories, it would become the duty of every loyal Russian, every true friend to his country, to co-operate cheerfully with us in impeding equally his progress or his retreat, by destroying his supplies, his means of conveyance; in short, every thing which can be serviceable to him. We therefore order that such of our subjects in the provinces of Vitebsk and Pskov, as may have articles of subsistence, either for man or beast, beyond their immediate want, to deliver them to officers authorized to receive them, and for which they shall be paid the full value out of the Imperial Treasury. The owners of

growing crops within the distance of the line of the Enemy's march, are commanded to destroy them, and they shall be reimbursed their loss. The proprietors of magazines, either of provisions or cloathing, are required to deliver them to the Commissaries for the use of the army, and they will be liberally remunerated. In general, the spirit of this order is to be carried into execution in regard to all articles, whether of subsistence, of cloathing, or of conveyance, which may be considered useful to the invaders; and the Magistrates are made responsible for the due fulfilment of these our commands. ALEXANDER."

We have seen an eloquent and interesting address from the Russian Minister at War, Gen. Barclay de Tolli, to the Ger man people, calling upon them to imitate the example of the Spaniards and Portuguese, to abandon the standard of slavery, and to join that of the Emperor Alexander, who promises to afford the aid of his whole population to assist in restoring the liberties of Germany. Those who accept the invitation are to be formed into a German Legion, under the command of a native German Prince (Duke of Oldenburgh). If the attempt to emancipate that part of the Continent from the French yoke should afterwards prove unsuccessful, those brave men are promised, in the name of the Emperor, habitatious and a refuge in the Southern part of Russia.

Prince Bagration is stated to have cut to pieces nine regiments of cavalry, and taken one thousand prisoners, among whom were fifty staff officers of Davoust's division. Besides these important facts, some gratifying particulars are stated in the different Bulletins of the Russian Army, which we have received. The vigorous repulse of the Enemy, in three several assaults on the tête du pont, with considerable loss in each, is confirmed; and the affair of the 15th, of which Buonaparte affects to treat so lightly in his eighth Bulletin, appears to have been of a decisive nature, The loss of the Enemy was very considerable; and among the prisoners were seventeen officers of distinction. Marshal Mortier (nick-named Duke of Treviso), it appears by the last Russian Bulletin, approached the vicinity of Glaubokoy on the 17th, with 30,000 men, but was repulsed.

According to a letter from Pernau, the Russians make a distinction in the pri soners taken by them-those who are natives of France are sent under a strong escort towards Siberia; while the Germans are permitted to enter into a particular corps forming for that purpose.

The Chief of the Cossacks in the Russian Army has offered his daughter in marriage,

marriage, with a portion of two hundred thousand roubles, to any man of his corps who should bring in the tyrant Buonaparte, dead or alive.

It is computed in private letters from the Baltic, that the allied force under Buonaparte has, since the commencement of hostilities against Russia, sustained a loss of 15,000 men. The official return

of prisoners to head quarters, up to the 20th July, was 2800; those killed in the different affairs cannot be fewer than 5000; and the wounded must be underrated at the same number. There are in addition upwards of 3000 deserters.

So great has been the mortality amongst the horses in the French Grand Army in Poland, that a requisition for no less than 40,000 is said to have been received in France, to supply the losses.

Letters from St. Petersburgh inform us, that the greatest exertions were making there for the support of the army. Patriotic subscriptions had been entered into for the purpose of furnishing supplies to the Russian armies. Among other contributors for this laudable purpose, Prince Souboff had given a donation of 150,000 ducats, and 60,000 load of wheat, and the Countess of Orkoff had made a donation of three millions of roubles. The city of Moscow was to furnish an army of 100,000 men, fully equipped with arms and cloathing.

A letter from Riga mentions, that the Poles in garrison in that place bad formed the diabolical project of setting fire to the city, in order to take advantage of the confusion to plunder the place, and deliver it up to the French. Forty of the ringleaders are said to have been shot, and more were under trial.

In

Smolensko, July 21. His Majesty, who arrived here yesterday, has this moment received the intelligence of the Grand Seignior having ratified the peace concluded between the Porte and Russia. consequence of which his Imperial Majesty intends to have Te Deum sung at Moscow. The nobility of Smolensko have voluntarily offered the Emperor to raise a corps of 20,000 men, at their own expence. AMERICA.

We have now to announce official intelligence of a formal DECLARATION OF WAR, by the United States of America, against Great Britain and her Dependencies. The American Papers have brought the President's Message to Congress in recommendation of the measure, and the Act of Congress declaring War against Great Britain. The latter of these important documents is as follows:

"An Act, declaring War between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the Dependencies thereof,

and the United States of America and their Territories.

"Be it enacted, by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, that War be, and the same is hereby declared to exist, between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the Dependencies thereof, and the United States of America and their Territories; and that the President of the United States be, and is hereby authorised, to use the whole land and naval forces of the United States, to carry the same into effect; and to issue to the private armed vessels of the United States commissions, or letters of marque and general reprisal, in such form as he shall think proper, and under the Seal of the United States, against the vessels, goods, and effects of the Government of the said United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the Subjects thereof.

Approved, JAS. MADDISON. "June 18, 1812."

A meeting of the inhabitants of Boston was held on the 18th of June, when several Resolutions, expressive of their dissatisfaction at the measures pursued by the Executive and Legislature, were agreed

to.

Mr. Randolph had addressed an eloquent and energetic letter to his Constituents against the War, which concludes in the following impressive manner:-" We are tired of holding out; and, following the example of the nations of Continental Europe, entangled in the artifices, or awed by the power, of the destroyer of mankind, we are prepared to become instrumental to his projects of universal dominion. Before these pages meet your eye, the last Republick of the earth will have enlisted under the banners of the tyrant, and become a party of his cause. The blood of American freemen must flow to cement his power, to aid in stifling the last struggles of afflicted and persecuted man; to deliver up into his hands the patrio's of Spain and Portugal; to establish his empire over the ocean, and over the land that gave our forefathers birth; to forge our own chains; and yet, my friends, we are told, as we were told in the days of the mad ambition of Mr. Adams, that the finger of Heaven points to War.' Yes, the finger of Heaven does point to War. It points to war as it points to the mansion of eternal misery and torture; as to a flaming beacon, warning us of that vortex which we may not approach but with certain destruction. It points to desolated Europe, and warns us of the chastisement of those nations who have offended against the justice, and almost beyond the mercy, of Heaven. It an nounces the wrath to come upon those who,

who, ungrateful for the bounty of Providence, not satisfied with peace, liberty, security, plenty at home, fly, as it were, into the face of the Most High, and tempt bis forbearance. To you, in this place, I cau speak with freedom, and it becomes me to do so; nor shall I be deterred by the cavils and sneers of those who hold as 'foolishness' all that savours not of worldly wisdom, from expressing fully and freely those sentiments which it has pleased God, in his mercy, to engrave upon my heart. These are no ordinary times.. The state of the world is unexampled. The War of the present day is not like that of our Revolution, or any which preceded it, at least in modern times. It is a War against the liberty and happiness of mankind. It is a war of which the whole human race are the victims, to gratify the pride and lust of power of a single individual. I beseech you put it to your own bosoms, how far it becomes you, as freemen, as Christians, to give your aid and sanction to this impious and bloody warfare against your brethren of the human family. To such among you, if any such there be, who are insensible to motives not more dignified and manly than they are intrinsically wise, I would make a different appeal. I adjure you, by the regard which you have for your own security and property, for the Liberties and inheritance of your children, by all that you hold dear and sacred, to interpose your constitutional powers to save your country and yourselves from a calamity, the issue of which it is not given to human foresight to divine."

The preparations for maritime war are carried on with much apparent activity in the United States; for they do not depend altogether upon the means of the Government; but it is far otherwise with that which they must wage on land. Our private communications say, that not onetenth part of the troops which had been ordered to be levied are yet forthcoming, and that the drafts from the militia had been in some places resisted. In Massachusets, and some other States, meetings have been held, in consequence of which the militia had refused to march; alleging that they are not liable to serve without their respective States, unless in the event of actual invasion.

INDIA.

Captain Bartholomew, of the Mary, of Calcutta, in his voyage to Prince of Wales Island, having landed with five of his crew on the Lesser Andaman, were all murdered.

COUNTRY NEWS.

July 22. John Hinchliffe, of Holmfirth, near Huddersfield, was roused from his bed by two men knocking at his door, and

being admitted, they insisted that he should lead them to a certain place. On their way down a neighbouring lane, they accused him of giving information against the Luddites, which he denied:-while in conversation, the ruffians, hearing a horse galloping behind thein, made off, after firing at Hinchliffe, and lodging a piece of lead in his eye. The eye is entirely lost, and his head much bruised.

July 28. A violent storm of wind and rain was experienced in the neighbourhood of Bungay, accompanied by a single flash of lightning, which set fire to and consumed a barn and stable of Mr. Aggass, in Earsham.

July 29. Eight sheep were killed under an elm-tree in a field at Newton St Loe, Salop, by lightning.

July 29. The extensive workshops of Mr. John Reid, cabinet-maker, in Virgi nia-street, Glasgow, were destroyed by fire; and five persons perished in the flames, while endeavouring to save some of the goods. The damage is estimated at 21,000/.

Aug. 9. Very large quantities of hay in the meadows between Stamford and Northampton, have been entirely spoiled by the almost incessant rain during the last fortnight.

Aug. 11. Several women tumultuously assembling at Knottingley, proceeded to the shops, demanding bread-meal at 3s. per stone; which being complied with, they immediately sent the bellman to cry it as selling at that price. A number of women were, in consequence, induced to go from Brotherton to obtain flour at the above reduction.

Aug 12. The first stone of the Breakwater at Plymouth was lowered down. Two boats from every ship in Hamoaze attended at the Admiral's stairs, Mount Wise; and about noon the Commander in Chief, Sir R. Calder, accompanied by Adm. Sir E. Buller, bart. and all the Captains or Commanders of vessels in commission, rowed off in procession, with flags and streamers flying, to the outer part of the Sound. The Mayor and Corporation went thither also in procession. Towards one o'clock the boats assembled round the vessel that held the stone, and at the signal gun the stone was lowered to its hase, at the Western extremity of the Breakwater, amid a royal salute of cannon from the ships in Cawsand Bay, Plymouth Sound, and Hamoaze. The beauty of the scene was heightened by the fineness of the day; the grand open bo som of the Sound was crowded by an immense number of pleasure-boats, cutters, barges, &c.; the men-of-war, in commemoration of the birth-day of the Prince, bearing the royal standard at the main, were decorated with numerous and varie

gated

gated flags, and, surrounded as they were by the numberless parties sailing around them, formed a pleasing picture.

Aug. 16. A dreadful fire at Mr. Howlett's, Scotch Grove Hill, Oxfordshire, destroyed the whole of the barns, stables, out-buildings, and dwelling-house, before water could be procured.-Six ricks of hay were consumed, together with a waggon (loaded), carts, ploughs, harrows, &c. The French and other prisoners of war were very active in trying to pull down and save the timber.

A meeting of Lieutenancy was held at Huddersfield last week, at which committees were formed, who will forthwith visit the disturbed districts, and examine where associations for the preservation of the peace are formed, and how they are managed, &c.

A letter from Holbeach represents the fen country to be totally inundated, with the bay floating about on the top of the water. The South Holland drainage is of no service, and the water is nearly as high as it was in the late inundation.

In every part of England the harvest promises to be abundant: throughout Susser a larger crop is expected than has been known for many years. From Somersetshire they write, that the heavy luxuriance of the crops, in all the Western counties, has seldom been equalled; neither blight, smut, mildew, nor any other iujurious visitation, has been witnessed. In Yorkshire there is the most promising appearance of a plenfiful harvest. At Winchester, at Truro, and throughout the principality of Wales, the crops are as abundant as ever known. In Essex, indeed, especially near Great Dunmow, considerable damage has been done by the late heavy rains: the loss sustained upon one farm alone has been estimated at 10001.

The riot at Sheffield, which commenced Aug. 18, the market-day, owing to many of the inhabitants insisting upon the mealsellers disposing of their corn at 3s. instead of 7s. per stone, was partially revived next day, when the military being called out, several persons were apprehended, and order restored.

Aug. 19. A rick of hay, containing 350 tons, belonging to Mr. Ferrett, of Hanley, Bear Upton-upon-Severn, which took fire from heating, was wholly consumed.

of Sheffield. Agents from the Luddites are said to have recently made their appearance, in that neighbourhood, for the purpose of instigating nocturnal meetings, drillings, and other seditious proceedings.

The erection of the New Gael, Town Hall, &c. for the county of Kent, is proceeding with activity at Maidstone. The expence is estimated at 160,000/.

Government, in order to check the escape of French prisoners, as also the guinea and smuggling system, gave orders, a few days since, for the seizure of all gallies of a certain description, carrying eight oars: 17 were seized at Deal, 10 at Folkestone, Sandgate, &c. They are a beautiful description of boats, about 40 feet long, painted on the outside so as to elude the sight at sea in the night; so neatly and lightly constructed that nothing can catch them, and in calm weather they can row over to the French shore in two hours.

The bridge over Fosdyke Wash, in Lincolnshire, is to be completed by May next it is to be constructed of English oak, and has been contracted for 76007. by Messrs. Pacey and Colly, of Boston.

The Corporation of Boston have, by new rates of wharfage, increased their rental 35001. per annum, arising out of the increased shipping business of the merchants of that town.

A poor honest tar, or rather the remains of one, now at Bristol, exhibits a mangled, mutilated abridgement of a human being: be has buried an arm in Bengal, one leg in the ocean, and the other at the Cape of Good Hope, and he has lately come to bury his heart (which is still as sound as a biscuit) in Old England, his native land.

All the money on board the Abergavenny East Indiaman, lost some years ago near Weymouth, to the amount of 60,000%. in dollars, has been recovered by means of the diving-bell. The vessel has been since blown up under water, so as to prevent the wreck from forming a shoal.

At York Assizes, Elizabeth Woodger and Susannah Lyall, were charged with the wilful murder of a new-born male in

fant. It appears that the wife of G. Needham, of Blackburn, was delivered of two children, a girl and a boy; the former perfectly formed, but in the boy there was a deficiency in the superior part of the head. Woodger, a midwife, conceiving that it was not likely to live, formed the design of putting a period to its existence, which was accomplished by drowning it. It was then buried, but was taken up again for the coroner's inquest. The surgeon who examined the body, stated, that the child was perfectly formed, except his head, which was deficient in the superior part an inch and an half. Any pressure upon it must have

produced