spread intelligence which may disquiet well-intentioned citizens, and deprive our constant efforts for the permanent tranquillity of our subjects, of a part of their effect; and, in general, we charge them to neglect nothing in order that our subjects may conduct themselves according to the principles above announced, and that our benevolent intentions may be entirely fulfilled.

In testimony of which, we have signed these presents with our hand, and annexed our royal seal. Given at Frankfort on the Maine, June 18, 1809.

"FREDERIC AUGUSTUS."

Proclamation of Marshal Angereau, Duke of Castiglione, &c. to the Inhabitants of Catalonia. Dated Perpignan, July 2.

Spaniards! Catalonians! I am come in the midst of you. His Majesty the Emperor of the French and King of Italy has given me the command of his armies in Catalonia.

Spaniards, I know you and love you. Seduced by perfidious insinuations, unhappy victinis and blind instruments of a Cabinet, the enemy of France and humanity, many and many of your brethren are obstinate in prolonging a war, the is sae of which could never be doubtful. They deny and reject the benefits and favours which an august Sovereign provides for, and is anxious to shower upon them: an hero whom heaven created, in its beneficence, for the felicity and glory of Spain and the world.""

Spaniards, the hero of France loves and esteems you; his virtuous VOL. LI.

heart requires and needs your feli-" city. God, who granted to Napoleon his invincible valour, gave him at the same time his goodness and tender humanity.

Napoleon sighs over your afflictions; lie has a paternal heart, and' as such suffers over the terrible blows which are inflicted upon you, and which will be inflicted still more upon you, by his formidable armies, if you delay long in listening to the voice of truth, and continue in your fatal blindness.

Lay aside useless hopes; a false' love and a criminal honour, which, arming against a king who is truly paternal, the august brother of the great Napoleon, irritates Heaven against you, which gave him to you in his mercy. Abandon vain illusions. God protects France, a God walks with Napoleon, covers and shades him with his wings, aud enchains victory to his triumphal

car.

Brave Spaniards, submit. Europe is submitting and surrendering herself.

Spaniards, I know you, and you have to know me. I have long e5teemed you; and when you submit you will find in me a true friend, Yourselves, and your property, shall be sacred for me.

Errors and faults shall meet wit!i indulgence: moderation, loyalty, and fidelity, may be secure of our aid; but let perfidy fear and tremble.

But obstinate rebels, the evilminded, who blow up the flames of dissension, shall meet with no pardon. The lightning is ready to fall on their heads.

Erring citizens, return to your hearths; artisans, resume your labours and useful pursuits; good villagers, quit the sword; take once 3 D

morg

more the plough in your hand; come and cultivate in peace and repose the inheritance of your fathers; hasten to fertilise those fields which have been too long deserted: and you, ye faithful Spaniards, come and receive the happy fruits and rewards of your fidelity. Join your voice to ours; call to those unhappy wretches, your brethren, who are led astray; tell them that we love them, that Napoleon will forget their errors and their faults; and that your felicity will be the constant object of his concern as your parent; tell these wandering brethren, that they will ever find me ready to carry their cries to the foot of that Monarch's throne, who is the friend of truth; that they may depend on the protection of our arms, which, formidable against rebels and the ill-disposed, however numerous, will ever be the defenders of the faithful citizen; and that we will avenge offences committed against them; but tell them at the same time, and above all things, that mercy has its limits, and that, at length, the day of vengeance will come. A powerful army is dispersed throughout your territory; a formidable army is coming, and woe to him that shall dare to resist me; for I shall then hearken only to a just indignation, a most just rage, and none of you will escape a terrible vengeance.

Saragossa is yet smoaking; and you, ye towns of Catalonia, who please, or dare, to follow its example, behold its ashes, its ruinstremble.

ANGEREAU.

'Portuguese Government.--Decree

of the Prince Regent of Portugal, dated Rio Janeiro, July 6, 1809.

Governors of the Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves, Friends! I, the Prince Regent, send unto you greeting, as unto those whom I love and prize. It being my principal care to secure, by every means possible, the independence of my minions, and to deliver em completely from the cruel enemy who so inhumanly, and contrary to the good faith of treaties, has invaded the States of my Crown in Europe, and has never ceased making upon them the most unjust war; and as it is, on the one hand, acknowledg ed that, in such a difficult crisis, nothing can more contribute to the defence of the kingdom than a Government composed of a small number of individuals; and as, on the other, it is indispensable to preserve, with my ancient and faitiful ally, the King of Great Britain, not only the best understanding, but likewise to prove to him, in the most evident manner, that my intentions are not diffèrent from those by which he is animated in the promotion of the common cause, that his Britannic Majesty may continue, in the same efficacious manner, to succour Portugal and the whole of the Peninsula; and as it cannot be doubted that this glorious purpose, which I so ardently desire to effect, can only be attained by the most extensive, firm, and reciprocal confidence; and his Britannic Majesty having made known his principles on this subject, and what he judges will most contribute to a happy re sult, and is most essential to the defence of the kingdom and of the peninsula; I have seen fif to order

that

that you shall be immediately reduced to the number of three, or two Governors, having a deliberate vote on all objects of the public administration, and that these shall be the Patriarch Elect of Lisbon, the Marquis das Minas, and the Marquis Monteiro Mor, President of the Board da Consciencia e Ordens, Don Francis Xavier de Cunha e Menezer, performing the functions of President of the Privy Council, to which place he is appointed by the present decree. It is further my pleasure to direct you to acknowledge Sir Arthur Wellesley as Marshal General of my Armies, as long as he shall continue in the command of the allied Portuguese and English forces, taking then his rank over Marshal Beresford, as commander in chief; and as soon as he shall have been recognized as such, you will invite him to all the sittings of Government, in which matters come under discussion which concern the organization of the army, or important determinations, whether financial or others, which it may be necessary to adopt for the defence of the kingdom and of the whole peninsula; taking his opinion and advice on all subjects of that nature; and should he be absent in such cases, and not be able to assist at your deliberations, you are to apply for his advice in writing, if possible, giving him full information on the subject under discussion, in order that he may be perfectly acquainted with your discussion and determination of matters of the above description. In this manner the affairs of Government shall be conducted with the utmost energy and harmony, as long as unfortunately it shall not be possible to conclude a permanent

and general peace. His Britannic Majesty will thus be convinced that it is my earnest wish to eradicate the general vice of difference of opinion between the Powers who make common cause; and he will be made perfectly acquainted with the orders which I have given, and shall continue to give, that the most strenuous efforts shall be made to attain that safe and permanent peace which is universally desired, by means of a grand display of all the forces and resources of my kingdom, which I can only flatter myself completely to recover by the most powerful means and exertions. THE PRINCE.

At the Court at the Queen's Palace, the 12th July, 1809; present, the King's Most Excellent Majesty in Council.

It is this day ordered by his Majesty in council, that a general embargo be forthwith laid (to continue until further orders) upon all ships and vessels in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, except his Majesty's ships and vessels of war, and except such ships and vessels as shall be laden by the especial order, and under the directions, of the lords commissioners of his Majesty's treasury, or the lords commissioners of the admiralty, with any kind of provisions or stores for the use of his Majesty's fleets or armies; and also except such ships and vessels as are employed by the officers of the navy, ordnance, victualling, and customs: and the right honourable the lords commissioners of his Majesty's treasury, and the lords commissioners of the admiralty,

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and

Proclamation of the President to the United States of America. Dated Washington City, Thursday, August 10, 1809.

Whereas, in consequence of a communication from his Britanie Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary, declaring that the British Orders in Council, of January and November, 1807, would be withdrawn on the 10th of June last, (and by virtue of which an Act of Congress was passed, entitled "An Act to interdict the commercial intercourse between the United States and Great Britain and France, and their dependencies, and for other purposes,") I, James Madison, President, &c. did issue a proclamation, on the 19th of April last, declaring that the Orders in Council aforesaid would be withdrawn on the 10th of June, after which the trade might be renewed, and as it is officially made known to me, that the Orders in Council are not withdrawn, agree ably to the declaration aforesaid, I do hereby proclaim the same, and that the Acts above still remain in force.

JAMES MADISON.

Message relative to the Pension which the States are to allow to the late King, Gustavus Adolphus, his Queen and children. Dated Stockholm, Aug. 15.

The period is now fast approaching, when a prince, who lately.go

verned Sweden, but whose clain to the Swedish crown has been solemn ly cancelled by the unanimous resolution of the States of the Realm, must absent himself from this coun→

try.

His own spontaneous wish agrees, on this point, with what the public tranquillity and security require. His Royal Majesty has taken the advice of the Secret Committee on a matter of so much importance, which, however, the state of public affairs does not yet permit his Majesty to communicate to the Diet, and he, therefore, confines himself, at present, to the question,- What pension or yearly allowance, are the States of the Realm willing to grant to their late King, his Queen, and children?' Which question being answered, another will occur relative to the country, which it will be most proper to assign for the resi dence of Gustavus Adolphus and his family.

His Majesty does not deem it superfluous to add some observations for the States to bear in mind in their deliberations on this subject. The States cannot but be aware, that their decision must bear that stamp of dignified generosity, which becomes a noble-minded nation: that misfortune craves respect; and that humanity itself commands forgiveness and oblivion of the past. His Royal Majesty is anxiously desirous that the States of the Realm, by deciding the subject under discussion on these principles, should meet his wishes, and thus give a pledge to Europe of the purity of the motives which induced Sweden to revise her system of government, and renew the structure of the State.

CHARLES

Pre

Proclamation of King Joseph, dated Head-quarters, Toledo, Aug. 19, 1809.

Soldiers! It is scarcely fifteen days since 120,000 enemies, consisting of English, Portuguese, and Spaniards, who marched from different points, rendezvoused under the walls of my capital; but united on the 26th of July at the bridge of Guadarama, the 1st and 4th corps, and the reserve, defeated on that day the enemy. On the 27th, he repassed in great haste the Alberche. On the 28th, attacked in a position judged unattackable, 80,000 men have not been able to contend against 40,000 French.

From that time, renouncing their chimerical project of conquest, they have thought but of safety, and have abandoned the field of battle. More than 6,000 English wounded are in our hospitals; the least of our corps, the 1st, was judged sufficient to observe and keep in check this army, still so numerous, in spite of its losses. It remained upon the Alberche, whilst the 4th corps, and the reserve, set out on the 29th, to succour Toledo, besieged by the army of La Mancha; and that of Madrid, menaced by the same army, has forced the enemy, already within four leagues of the capital, to relinquish its prey. It has repassed the Tagus in the greatest haste, and flies towards the Sierra Morena, after having abandoned some thousands of killed, wounded, and prisoners. The 2d, 5th, and 6th corps are following the rearguard of the enemy's army. These corps formed a junction with the 1st corps, at Oropesa, on the 7th August.

The English fly every way, in disorder, and by roads hitherto

"Altenburgh, Aug. 22.

"Sir,-His Majesty, understanding that you are about to dispatch a ship to the United States, con.mands me to make known to you the unalterable principles which have and will regulate his conduct in the great question respecting Neutrals.

"France admits the principle, that the flag protects trade. The trading vessel which carries the licence of its Government may be considered as a moving colony. To insult such a vessel by search, pursuit, or any act of arbitrary power,' is a violation of the fundamental law of colonization, and is an attack upon the Government of the same. The seas belong to every nation, without exception; they are the common property, and the domain of all mankind.

"Consistently with this doctrine, 3D 3 merchant