Over the castle gate, on a "Table beautifully garnisht aboove with her Highness Arms," was inscribed a Latin poem, descriptive of the various tributes paid to her arrival by the Gods and Goddesses. This was read to her by a poet, "in a long ceruleoous Garment, with a Bay Garland on his head, and a skro in his hand. So passing intoo the inner coourt, her Majesty (that never rides but alone), thear set doun from her palfrey, was conveied up to chamber, when after did follo a great peal of Gunz, and lightning by Fyrwork." Evill." who had hitherto conduced to the buildings | and red; and the match post against it had | full and daungerous diseaz called the King's of this strong castle, was security: to ele-a payre of great, whyte, sylver lyvery Pots, gance of domestic accommodation, they for Wyne." The fifth pair had each "a Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, died were strangers. The reign of the third Ed-fair large trey, streawd with fresh Grass," without acknowledged legitimate issue, and ward produced a striking improvement in containing various specimens of sea-fish ;- bequeathed Kenilworth to his brother, Ammanners; and convenience and splendour of a costly presentation, at that period, for a brose Earl of Warwick, for life; but he architectural arrangement were now first cul- host in an inland situation. The sixth pair willed that the inheritance should descend to tivated in England. By John of Gaunt large of posts sustained a more elevated burthen, Sir Robert Dudley, his son, a person whose additions were made; and a great portion of and ascended from tokens of good cheer to singular fortunes will meet with notice in the present ruins consist of the buildings the dignity of armorial bearings. On them our mention of the adjoining lordship of raised by his munificence. In the person of" wear set too ragged stavez of sylver, as Stoneleigh. Sir Robert Dudley came into King Henry IV. son to this Duke, the castle my Lord givez them in armz, beautifully possession shortly after the decease of his again became the property of the crown; glittering of Armour thereupon depending." father; but he quitted the kingdom, under and so continued till Queen Elizabeth con- On the seventh posts, the last and nearest to the King's licence to travel for three years, ferred it on Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester. the caatle, were placed various instruments, and not returning, his estates were seized This Earl expended great sums in adorning symbolical "of the Gifts of Phoebus;" for the use of the crown. At this period a and enlarging the structure; and here he had tropes of the arts which should be raised on survey of Kenilworth was taken by the King's the honour of entertaining Queen Elizabeth, the pomp of chivalric bearings, and which officers, from which we extract a few partiin a manner so magnificent, that a notice of were thus justly hinted to form the last re-culars calculated to convey ideas of the buildthe festivities has been justly said to form sult of dignified effort. ing and dependencies, when perfected by the an almost necessary page of the national anlabour of many ages:-"The circuit within nals. Her Majesty arrived on the 9th of the walls containeth 7 acres, upon which the July, 1575, and the splendid revelry of the walks are so spacious and fair that two or season has met with a curious and amusing three persons together may walk in most chronicle in Lancham, an attendant on the places thereof. The castle, with the four court. From this writer we learn that the gatehouses, are all built of free-stone, hewen Queen, after dining at Long Itchington, and and cut; the walls in many places of xv and hunting by the way, was met in the park, x foot thickness, some more, some less, the about a slight shoot from the Brayz and first least 4 foot in thickness square. There rungate of the castl," by a person representing neth through the grounds, by the walls of "one of the ten sibills, cumly clad in a pall the castle, a fair pool, containing cxi acres, of white sylk, who pronounced a proper which at pleasure is to be let round about the poezie in English rime and meeter." This castle. The circuit of the castle, mannours, her" Majestie benignly accepted, and pass- The festivities lasted seventeen days, and parks and chase, lying round together, coned foorth untoo the next gate of the Brayz, comprised nearly every pastime which tain at least xix or xx miles, in a pleasant which, for the length, largenes, and use, the resources of the age could produce. countrey; the like, both for strength, state they call now the Tylt-Yard; whear a porter, The hart was hunted in the park; the dance and pleasure, not being within the realm of tall of person, and wrapt also in sylke, with a was proclaimed in the gallery; and the ta- England." Prince Henry, to whom the esclub and keiz of quantitee according, had a bles were loaded from morn to midnight tate was resigned by the king, avowed his rough speech full of passions, in meeter with sumptuous cheer. The park was peo-readiness to pay to Sir Robert Dudley the aptly made to the purpose." When the pled with mimic gods and goddesses, to sur- sum of 14,500/. for his title to the castle porter had concluded his harangue, six prise the regal visitant with complimentary and domains, notwithstanding the legal intrumpeters, "clad in long garments of sylk, dialogues, and poetical representations. capacity to which he had rendered himself who stood uppon the wall of the gate, More simple amusements were also studi- subject; but, owing to the death of the sounded a tune of welcum." This strain ously introduced; the men of Coventry per- prince, not more than 30007. were actually continued while "her Highness, all along formed their Hocktide play the rural forwarded; and no part ever reached the futhis Tylt-Yard, rode into the inner gate, neighbours were assembled to run at the gitive Sir Robert. The estate was possessed where a person representing the Lady of the Quintin; and a marriage, in strict consis- by the king at the commencement of the Lake (famous in King Arthurz Book) with tency of country ceremonials, was celebrated last civil war, and it shared the disastrous too Nymphes waiting uppon her, arrayed all under the observance of the Queen. Every fortunes of its regal owner. The castle of in sylks, attending her highness comming." "hour had its peculiar sport. A famous Kenilworth may figuratively be said to have From the midst of the pool, where was a Italian tumbler displayed feats of agility; died an inglorious death. A mighty building, moveable island, 66 bright blazing with Morris dancers went through their rude evo- like a mighty chieftain, seems to fall with torches," the Lady of the Lake floated to lutions, by way of interlude; and thirteen consonant magnificence when it sinks beland, and greeted her Majesty with "a bears were baited for the gratification of the neath the pressure of conflict, amid the gewell-penned meeter," expressive of " the courtiers. During the Queen's stay five neral havoc of a wide field of chivalry; but anncientee of the castl," and the hereditary gentlemen were honoured with knighthood, this castle crumbled into ruins under the dignity of the Earls of Leicester. and "nyne persons were cured of the peyn-petty assaults of sordid hands,-bannerless, 66 A burst of music closed this part of the ceremony. Over a dry valley leading to the * As a proof of the hospitable spirit of the castle gates waz thear framed a fayr Earl, Laneham observes, that "the Clock Bell bridge; and upon the first payr of posts sang not a note all the while her Highness waz were set too cumly, square, wyre cages,' thear: the Clok stood also still withall; the containing "live bitters, curluz, shoover-handz of both the tablz stood firm and fast, larz, hearsheawz, Godwitz, and such lyke alleys pointing at two a Clok," the hour of bandeinty byrds. On the second payr were two great sylver'd bollz, featly apted to the 1002. The actors were led to the spot of per+ Founded on the Massacre of the Danes, in purpoze, filde with Applz, Pearz, Oranges, formance by Captain Cox, a person of so much Poungarnets, Lemmans," &c. The third humorous notoriety in his day that Ben Jonpair of posts, "in too such sylver'd Bollz, son names one of his masques, printed in 1640. had (all in earz green and gold) Wheat," A Masque of Owls at Kenelworth, presented Barly, Cotz," &c. The fourth post, "on by the Ghost of Captain Cox, mounted on his the leaft hand, had grapes in clusters, whyte Hobby Horse." and without one contending hero to sigh over its destruction. Cromwell granted the whole manor to certain officers of his army, who demolished the splendid fabric in order to make a market of its materials. The turrets once dismantled, the relics were open to every spoliator. But the hand of depredaremain the memorials of baronial grandeur, left to the slow inroads of time, are likely to tion is now stopped, and the fragments, if for the melancholy gratification of many a succeeding age. quet! These ruins are very extensive, and present various combinations of the most romantic and picturesque description. They AND Journal of Belles Lettres, Arts, Sciences, etc. This Journal is supplied Weekly, or Monthly, by the principal Booksellers and Newsmen throughout the Kingdom: but to those who may desire No. 197. REVIEW OF NEW BOOKS. KENILWORTH. SATURDAY, OCTOBER 28, As the " inglorious death" of Kenilworth Castle alluded to in the following account is likely to be so soon converted into immortality by the pen of the "mighty Wizzard of the North,"* we trust that the following historical sketch of that celebrated place will be deemed more than usually interesting at the present time. : but his talents and acquirements were so conspicuous, that he was made Lord Chamberlain and Treasurer to King Henry I. and, afterwards, was appointed Chief Justice of England. The castle, however, shortly passed from his posterity. In the reign of Henry II. it was possessed by the king, who placed here a garrison when his eldest son rebelled against him. The account of the provisions taken up for the use of this garrison is curious, as shewing the great value of money at the period. The following are the articles, and the sums paid for them one hundred quarters of Bread Corn, 81. 8s. 2d. The town of Kenilworth is situate five (little more than 2d. per bushel.) Twenty miles to the south-west of the city of Coven-quarters of Barley, 33s. 4d. One hundred try, and is at nearly the same distance, on Hogs, 71. 10s. Forty Cows, salted, 41. the north east, from the town of Warwick. One hundred and twenty Cheese, 40s. Sir William Dugdale observes, that, previ- Twenty-five quarters of salt, 30s. It is evious to the conquest, Kenilworth was a mem-dent that the large fortified dwellings of the ber of the neighbouring parish of Stoneleigh, Barons, in these turbulent times, not only being ancient demesne of the crown, "and afforded a retreat to the more defenceless had, within the precincts thereof, a castle, neighbours, but were probably made, on situate upon the bank of Avon, in the woods that account, a source of profit to their opposite to Stoneley Abby. Which castle owners; for we find that the sheriff, in acstood upon a place called Hom (Holme) counting for the emoluments derived from Hill; but was demolished in those turbulent the ward of this castle, mentions "certain times of warr betwixt King Edmund and money that he received, in the nature of Canutus the Dane." At the time of the rent, from such as had their abode therein." Norman Survey, Kenilworth was divided In the reigns of King John and Heury III. into two parts, one of which was styled large sums were expended on such buildings Optone, and was held of the king by Alber-as assisted in rendering the fortress more detus Clericus, "in pure Almes." The other fensible. The latter king, in the 38th year portion was possessed by Richard the Forrester. In the reign of Henry I. the manor tras bestowed by the king on Geoffrey de Clinton, who founded here a potent castle and a monastery. But, though a fortified residence and a religious foundation were usually, in the early ages, the harbingers of wealth and consequence to a neighbouring town, Kenilworth does not appear to have ever attained much distinction for greatness of population or traffic. ing Henry de Hastings Governor of the castle. Conscious of the great strength of the place, and willing to prevent effusion of blood, the king sent a message of fair promise to the Governor, demanding a surrender; but those within the walls not only rejected this clement overture, but basely insulted and maimed the messenger. The siege now commenced, and the garrison defended themselves with vigour. They were well provided with military engines, among which were some that cast stonest to a considerable distance; and they occasionally ventured on desperate and destructive sallies. At length, although assured that the besieged were reduced to extremity, the King granted lenient terms, and took possession of the castle, after having lain before it for six months. He shortly bestowed the for tress so tediously acquired, on Edmund his younger son, whom he created Earl of Leicester and Lancaster. The Castle which, when firm through all its battlements and courts, and peopled with the baronial pride of the land, formed so fine an ornament to this town, still imparts melancholy grandeur to the neighbourhood by the unusual magnificence of its ruins. These remains, have indeed, powerful claims on the feelings of the examiner. They present one of the most splendid and picturesque wrecks of castellated strength to be found in any English county, and are united with various interesting passages of history-Geoffrey de Clinton, the founder of this structure, is believed to have been a man of mean origin, See the last Literary Gazette for the announcement of a new novel, entitled, Kenilworth, by the author of Waverley. of his reign, granted the castle to Simon These scenes of violence were interrupted VOL. IV. In the seventh year of King Edward I. a costly and gallant tournament was held at Kenilworth. The knights were one hundred in number, and many were foreigners of distinction who entered England for the purpose of displaying their chivalry on this occasion. Robert Mortimer, Earl of March, was the promoter of the festival, and was the principal challenger of the Tilt-Yard. The ladies were, likewise, one hundred in number; and, as an instance of the splendour with which they were attired, it is recorded that they wore silken mantles. The exer cises began on the eve of Saint Matthew, and continued till the day after the feast of St. Michael. The dances were not less gallantly attended than the lists; and to avoid all painful distinctions that might arise from an attention to precedence, the whole party banquetted at a Round Table. On the attainder of Thomas, Earl of Lan caster, son of Earl Edmund, the castle returned to the crown; and was by Edward II. intended as a place of retirement, when he saw danger augmenting on every side. But this ill-fated king was doomed to be brought hither as a prisoner. Henry, Earl of Lancaster, conveyed him to this place; and here he received intelligence of his formal deposition by the Parliament held at Westminster. Shortly after his mournful reply to this information, he was hurried to Berkley castle, the theatre of his last wretched hours. In the reign of Edward III. John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, obtained possession of Kenilworth, by his marriage with Blanch, daughter of Henry Earl of Lincoln, and Duke of Lancaster. The great aim of those Several large stones, supposed to be a part of those hurled during this siege, are yet shewr in the vicinity of the ruins. we shall merely add to the former, that "Genuine wit, which one would hardly expect to find in a savage people, is not unfrequent among them. I have heard them, for instance, compare the English and American nations to a pair of scissors, an instrument composed of two sharped edged knives exactly alike, working against each other for the same purpose, that of cutting. By the construction of this instrument, they said, it would appear as if in shutting, these two sharp knives would strike together and destroy each other's edges; but no such thing: they only cut what comes between them. And thus the English and Americans do when they go to war against one another. It is not each other they want to destroy, but us, poor Indians, that are between them. By this means they get our land; and, when that is obtained, the scissors are closed again, and laid by for further use." They have a strong innate sense of justice, which will lead them sometimes to acts which some men will call heroic, others romantic, and not a few, perhaps, will designate by the epithet barbarous; a vague indefinite word, which if it means any thing, might, perhaps, be best explained by something not like ourselves. However that may be, this feeling certainly exists among the Indians, and as I cannot describe it better than by its effects, I shall content myself with relating on this subject a characteristic anecdote which happened in the year 1793, at an Indian village called La Chine, situated nine miles above Montreal, and was told me in the same year by Mr. La Ramée, a French Canadian inhabitant of that place, whom I believe to be a person of strict veracity. I twas then on my return from Detroit, in company with General Lincoln and several other gentlemen, who were present at the relation, and gave it their full belief. I thought it then so interesting, that I inserted it in my journal, from which I now ex guage to the other, which he could not well woods, at a small distance from the town, where a fire is kindled, and at the proper time provisions are brought out to them: there, on a large piece of bark or on a blanket, all the documents are laid out in such order, that they can at once distinguish each particular speech, the same as we know the principal contents of an instrument of writing by the endorsement on it. If any paper or parchment writings are connected with the belts, or strings of wampum, they apply to some trusty white man (if such can be had,) to read the contents to them. Their speaker then, who is always chosen from among those who are endowed with superior talents, and has already been trained up to the business, rises, and in an audible voice de livers, with the gravity that the subject requires, the contents, sentence after sentence, until he has finished the whole on one subject. On the manner in which the belts or strings of wampum are handled by the speaker, much depends; the turning of the belt which takes place when he has finished one half of his speech, is a material point, though this is not common in all speeches with belts; but when it is the case, and is done properly, it may be as well known by it how far the speaker has advanced in his speech, as with us on taking a glance at the pages of a book or pamphlet while reading; and a good speaker will be able to point out the exact place on a belt which is to answer to each particular sentence, the same as we can point out a passage in a book. Belts and strings, when done with by the speaker, are again handed to the chief, who puts them up carefully in the speech bag or pouch." (To be continued.) HISTORICAL SKETCHES. "The chiefs are very careful in preserving for their own information, and that of future generations, all important deliberations and treaties made at any time between them and other nations. Thus, between the years 1770 and 1780, they could relate very minutely, what had passed between William Penn and their forefathers, at their first meeting and afterwards, and also the transactions which "There were in the said village of La Chine, took place with the governors who succeeded two remarkable Indians, the one for his him. For the purpose of refreshing their stature, being six feet four inches in height, own memories, and of instructing one or and the other for his strength and activity. more of their most capable and promising These two meeting together one day in the young men in these matters, they assemble street (a third being present,) the former in once or twice a year. On these occasions a high tone made use of some insulting lan-they always meet at a chosen spot in the tract it. The Angles.* The Saxons having obtaining a firm footing in England, adventurers of the Angles in Sleswick soon began to infest the eastern coast. Matthew of Westminster fixes their first appearance about the year 527, when they arrived in East Anglia, Mercia, and Essex, and fought many battles with the natives, while Cerdic the Saxon and his family were contending with Arthur in other quarters. The little kingdom of Essex was founded by them about the year 530,+ and though inconsiderable at first, gradually stretched itself into Middlesex, and obtained the command of London, even then a flourishing town, and destined to become the capital of all the Jute, Saxon, and Angli kingdoms. The Britons were still bravely fighting their invaders, and still masters of all the island from the Avon to the Cornish promontory on the west, and to the Firth of Forth on the north, when in 547, Ida, with his twelve sons, and forty vessels full of Angli warriors, headed a formidable enterprize which landed on the coast above the Humber. The country from that river to the Clyde was divided into many states, under independant sovereigns, of whom the names of Gall, * Abridged from the History of the Anglo Saxons, by Sharon Turner. + Erkenwin the first king died in 587. Dyvedel, and Ysgwnell, kings of Deifyr and Bryneich, and Urien, king of Reged, and others nearer the Clyde, have descended to us. Some of the monarchs were also bards; for instance, Aneurin, the chief of Gododin. Another chief called Mynnydawr governed a district near the friths at Eidyn, which has been conjectured to be the origin of Edinburgh, or the burgh of Edin. The Kymry, or most noted Britons, retiring from Saxon conquest, settled in the valley of the Clyde, or Strat Clyde, and there formed a kingdom which was ultimately destroyed by the Dalriads and Piks in the 10th century. Dumbarton was probably its capital, Alclyde, or the heights of Clyde. The resistance offered to Ida was brave and vigorous; and Taliesin the British bard, has pourtrayed the battles of his countrymen in language very nearly resembling that of Ossian. The following is a specimen : This hearth! no shout of heroes now adheres Was the mead; and the inebriated warriors. Neither the fields nor the woods gave safety to Its cauldron seethed the prey. Swine will henceforward dig the ground, Like the bird of rage was his sword on their Where once the gladness of heroes bucklers; It was wielded with deadly fate. Llywarch Hen, another British bard of the sixth century, also celebrates the valiant and unfortunate King Urien, with rude but yet such affecting sympathy, that we cannot resist the temptation to extract a part of his translated poem. An eagle to his foe in his thrust, brave as ge nerous. In the angry warfare, certain of victory I bear by my side, a head; The head of Urien ! The courteous leader of his army; But on his white bosom the raven is feeding. The head, the noblest pillar of Britain. I bear a head that supported me! Where is he that feasted me? I bear a head from the mountain, The lips foaming with blood. Woe to Reged from this day. My arm has not shrunk But my breast is greatly troubled. My heart is it not broken? The slender white body will be interred to day He was treacherously slain by an emissary of another native king, Morgant, when besieging a successor of Ida in Holy Island. Woe to my hand! Silent is the gale But long wilt thou be heard. Many a dog for the hunt and ethereal hawk to it: This hearth! the mouldy fungus will hide it now; More usual about its meals Was the striking of the sword of the fierce warrior. Thorns will now cover it; Of Owen's friends in social harmony. More usual once was the mixture More frequent were the bright torches And the horn of the banquet went round: This elegy, at once a picture of the age and a pathetic tribute to a hero who adorned it, has (though not very errantly) diverted us from the thread of our story. The northern Britons prolonged their resistance, and made it more bloody than in any other part of the island. Ida was slain (it is fairly conjectured) in 559, and a multitude of his fellow warriors and successors perished by the sword in battle. Ella, however, one of the latter, while Bernicia was constituted a nation by Adda, son of Ida, also succeeded in establishing a kingdom, called Deira, between the Tweed and Humber; and thus in the year 560, there existed in Britain one Jute, three Saxon, and three Angle kingdoms, namely in Kent, Sussex, Essex, Wessex, East Anglia, Bernicia, and Deira. About twenty-six years afterwards another Angle kingdom, divided into north and south by the Trent, was added in Mercia, which became in time only second to that of the West Saxons, who at last subdued it. Among the invaders of Britain the Frisii are frequently mentioned, and it seems as if endless bands of depredators, from every coast of Scandinavia and the Baltic, poured incessantly into the devoted country, the subjugation of which, notwithstanding the courage of its people, was rendered comparatively easy by the dissensions and wars among its native princes. The division and occupation of the country towards the end of the sixth century, may be stated from Bede, thus The Jutes possessed Kent, the Isle of | Wight, and that part of the coast of Hampshire which fronts it. The Saxons were distinguished, from their situation, into South Saxons, who peopled Sussex:-East Saxons, in Essex, Middlesex, and the south of Hertfordshire :—and West Saxons, in Surrey, Hampshire (where the Jutes were not), Berks, Wilts, Dorset, Somerset, Devon, and so much of Cornwall as the Britons could not maintain. › The Angles were divided into-East Angles, in Norfolk, Suffolk, Cambridge, the Isle of Ely (it is thought), and part of Bedfordshire:-Middle Angles, in Leicestershire, which appertained to Mercia:-the Mercians separated, as we have noticed, by the Trent, into South Mercians, in the counties of Lincoln, Northampton, Rutland, Huntingdon, the north of Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire, Bucks, Oxfordshire, Gloucestershire, Warwickshire, Worcestershire, Herefordshire, Staffordshire, Shropshire; and the North Mercians, in the counties of Chester, Derby, and Nottingham:-the Northumbrians, who were the Deiri, in Lancaster, York, Westmoreland, Cumberland, Durham; and the Bernicians, in Northumberland and the south of Scotland, between the Tweed and the Firth of Forth. These formed the famous Anglo Saxon octarchy, near the formation of which having now arrived, we shall take the opportunity of pausing on our labours till another week. THE PERCY ANECDOTES. The eleventh part of these neat little com pilations has appeared: it is devoted to subjects of humour, and has, appropriately enough, a portrait of George Colman for its frontispiece. The selection is amusing. as may be surmised from the following examples, which we have extracted as the least familiar to us, without vouching for their being quite new to the readers of jest. books and anas. Archbishop Mountain. In the reign of George II. the see of York falling vacant, his majesty being at a loss for a fit person to appoint to the exalted situation, asked the opi nion of the Rev. Dr. Mountain, who had raised himself by his remarkably facetious temper from being the son of a beggar to the see of Durham. The Doctor wittily replied, "Hadst thou faith as a grain of mustard seed, thou wouldst say to this Mountain (at the same time laying his hand on his breast), be removed, and be cast into the sea (see)." His Majesty laughed heartily, and forthwith conferred the preferment on the facetious doctor. Fontenelle.-The Abbé Reignier, secretary of the French Academy, one day made a collection in his hat of one pistole from every member to defray the current expences. The abbé did not observe that the president, who was a very avaricious man, had put his pistole into the hat, and presented it to him a second time. "I have given already," said he. "I believe it," said the abbé," but I did not see it." "And I," rejoined Fontenelle, who was at his side, saw it, but did not believe it." The Plagiarist.-A young author obtained 66 we shall merely add to the former, that Genuine wit, which one would hardly expect to find in a savage people, is not unfrequent among them. I have heard them, for instance, compare the English and American nations to a pair of scissors, an instrument composed of two sharped edged knives exactly alike, working against each other for the same purpose, that of cutting. By the construction of this instrument, they said, it would appear as if in shutting, these two sharp knives would strike together and destroy each other's edges; but no such thing: they only cut what comes between them. And thus the English and Americans do when they go to war against one another. It is not each other they want to destroy, but us, poor Indians, that are between them. By this means they get our land; and, when that is obtained, the scissors are closed again, and laid by for further use." " They have a strong innate sense of justice, which will lead them sometimes to acts which some men will call heroic, others romantic, and not a few, perhaps, will designate by the epithet barbarous; a vague indefinite word, which if it means any thing, might, perhaps, be best explained by something not like ourselves. However that may be, this feeling certainly exists among the Indians, and as I cannot describe it better than by its effects, I shall content myself with relating on this subject a characteristic anecdote which happened in the year 1793, at an Indian village called La Chine, situated nine miles above Montreal, and was told me in the same year by Mr. La Ramée, a French Canadian inhabitant of that place, whom I believe to be a person of strict veracity. I was then on my return from Detroit, in company with General Lincoln and several other gentlemen, who were present at the relation, and gave it their full belief. I thought it then so interesting, that I inserted it in my journal, from which I now extract it. guage to the other, which he could not well woods, at a small distance from the town, The chiefs are very careful in preserving for their own information, and that of future generations, all important deliberations and treaties made at any time between them and other nations. Thus, between the years 1770 and 1780, they could relate very minutely, what had passed between William Penn and their forefathers, at their first meeting and afterwards, and also the transactions which took place with the governors who succeeded him. For the purpose of refreshing their own memories, and of instructing one or more of their most capable and promising young men in these matters, they assemble once or twice a year. On these occasions they always meet at a chosen spot in the (To be continued.) HISTORICAL SKETCHES. The Angles.* The Saxons having obtaining a firm footing in England, adventurers of the Angles in Slešwick soon began to infest the eastern coast. Matthew of Westminster fixes their first appearance about the year 527, when they arrived in East Anglia, Mercia, and Essex, and fought many battles with the natives, while Cerdic the Saxon and his family were contending with Arthur in other quarters. The little kingdom of Essex was founded by them about the year 530,+ and though inconsiderable at first, gradually stretched itself into Middlesex, and obtained the command of London, even then a flourishing town, and destined to become the capital of all the Jute, Saxon, and Angli kingdoms. "There were in the said village of La Chine, two remarkable Indians, the one for his stature, being six feet four inches in height, and the other for his strength and activity. These two meeting together one day in the street (a third being present,) the former in a high tone made use of some insulting lan The Britons were still bravely fighting their invaders, and still masters of all the island from the Avon to the Cornish promontory on the west, and to the Firth of Forth on the north, when in 547, Ida, with his twelve sons, and forty vessels full of Angli warriors, headed a formidable enterprize which landed on the coast above the Humber. The country from that river to the Clyde was divided into many states, under independant sovereigns, of whom the names of Gall, * Abridged from the History of the Anglo Saxons, by Sharon Turner. + Erkenwin the first king died in 587. |