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certained the situation of France and the is very fine;....however, I consider it as, feared, as I have already said to you, that Bourbons under all its extensive bearings. certain, that the Kings who have fought they may turn the war into an affair of Had it not been for you, I should never against me are no longer guided by the vanity, or that they make it a point of have known that the hour of my return same unity, the same views, the same in- honour. On the other hand, it is possible had struck. Had it not been for you, terests. The Emperor Alexander must that they may renounce their coalition, they would have left me here to dig in my esteem me: he must be able to estimate the which has now no longer any object, in order garden. I have received-I do not ex-difference which exists between Louis to watch their subjects; preserving at the actly know from what quarter-the de- XVIII. and myself. If he were to under- same time an armed neutrality, until I shall scription of certain assassins, hired against stand his policy rightly, he would rather see have given them sufficient guarantees. me; and one or two anonymous letters the French sceptre in the hands of a power- Their determinations, whatever they besides—all from the same hand, in which ful sovereign, the relentless enemy of Eng- may be, will not influence mine. France I was told to remain quiet, that the embroi- land, than in the hands of a weak sovereign, speaks, and that is sufficient for me. In deries were coming into fashion, and other the friend and vassal of the Prince Regent. 1814 I had to deal with all the powers in nonsense in the same style; but that's all. I would give him Poland, and a great deal Europe, but they sho (not have laid down It is not upon such data that one is induced more, if he wished it; he knows that I have the law to me if France had not left me to to attempt a crash. But how do you think been always more inclined to tolerate his wrestle alone, against the entire world. foreigners will like my return: there is the ambition than to restrain it. If he had con- Now the French know my value; and, as great question?" "Foreign nations, Sire, tinued my friend and my ally, I would have they have regained their courage and their have been compelled to confederate against made him greater than he ever will be now. patriotism, they will triumph over the eneus, in order to protect themselves; allow me Prussia, and the petty Kings of the Rhenishinies who may attack them, just as they to say it...."" Speak out, speak out."- confederation, will follow the lot cast by triumphed in the good days of the revolu"In order to protect themselves against the Russia. If I had Russia on my side, she tion. Experience has shown that armies effects of your ambition, and the abuse of would secure me all the second-rate powers. cannot always save a nation; but a nation your strength. Now that Europe has re- As to the Austrians, I do not know what defended by the people is always invincible. covered her independence, and that France they would do: they have never treated me "I have not settled the day of my deparhas ceased to be dangerous, foreign powers candidly. I suppose I could keep Austria in ture: by deferring it I should have the adwill probably be unwilling to run the risk of order by threatening to deprive her of Italy.vantage of allowing the congress to rum out; a new war, which may end by restoring to Italy is yet very grateful to me, and much at- but then, on the other hand, I should run us that ascendancy which we have lost."-tached to me if I were to ask that country the risk of being kept here as a close pri"If the allied sovereigns were at home in for an hundred thousand men, and an hun- soner by the vessels of the Bourbons and of their capitals they would certainly consider dred millions, I should have the men and the the English, if, as every thing appears to the matter twice before they would take the money. If they were to force me to make indicate, there should be a rupture amongst field again; but they are yet face to face; war, I could easily revolutionize the foreign powers. Murat would lend me his and it is to be feared that war may become Italians; I would grant them whatever they navy if I wanted it; but if we do not succeed an affair of vanity. Do you think it is true might wish, independence or Eugene. he would be compromised. We must not that they are on ill terms with each other?" Mejean and some others have done him be anxious about all these matters: we -"Yes, Sire, it appears that discord reigns harm, but, in spite of that, he is warmly must allow some room for destiny to come in the congress; that cach of the great pow-loved, and highly esteemed he deserves into play. ers wishes to seize the largest share of the to be so; he has shown that he possesses a booty."-"It appears, also, that their sub-noble mind. Murat is ours I have had jects are discontented: is it not so?"-great reason to complain of him. Since I "Yes, Sire; kings and people, every have been here he has wept for his errors, thing seems to unite in our favour. The and has done his utmost to repair the injuries Saxons, the Genoese, the Belgians, the in- which he has inflicted upon me. He has habitants of the banks of the Rhine, the regained my friendship and my confidence: Polanders, all refuse the new sovereigns to his assistance, if I were engaged in war, whom they are to be given. Italy, tired of would be very useful to me. He has little the avarice and the grossness of the Aus- brains; he has nothing but hand and heart; trians, pants for the moment of withdrawing but his wife would direct him. The Neafrom their sovereignty. Experience has politans like him tolerably well; and I have taught the King of Naples that you are his yet some good officers amongst them who surest protector, and he will assist the rising would keep them in the right way. As to of the Italians whenever you wish it. The England, we should have shaken hands princes of the confederation of the Rhine, from Dover to Calais, if Mr. Fox had lived; warned the example of Saxony, will be-but as long as that country continues to be come the allies of your majesty after the first victory. Prussia and Russia will sit quiet, if you will only allow them to retain their new acquisitions. The Emperor of Austria, who has every thing to fear from Russia and Prussia, and nothing to hope for from the King of France, will easily consent, if you only guarantee Italy to him, to allow you to do what you think best with the Bourbons. In short. all the powers of Europe, England only excepted, are more or less interested in not declaring themselves against you; and before England can have corrupted, or raised the continent, your Majesty will be so firmly fixed on the throne, that your Majesty's enemies may try in vain to make vou totter."

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"I think we have considered all the points upon which it was important that I should be settled, and that we should understand each other. France is tired of the Bourbons; she demands her former sovereign. The people and the army are for us: foreign powers will be silent. If they speak, we shall be able to reply: this, in short, is the state of the present time and of the future.

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Depart. Tell X*** that you have seen me, and that I have determined to expose myself to every danger for the purpose of yielding to the prayers of France, and of ridding the nation of the Bourbons.....Say also that I shall leave this place with my guard, on the first of April-perhaps sooner. I pardon every thing. I will give to France and to Europe all the guarantees which can be expected or demanded of me. I have renounced all my plans of aggrandizement, and I wish to repair the evils which war has caused to us, by a permanent peace.

Napoleon (shaking his head) "All this

governed by the principles and passions of
Mr. Pitt, we must always be as hostile as
fire and water....From England, I expect
no quarter, no truce....England knows
that the instant I place my foot in France,
her influence will be driven back across the
seas....as long as I live I will wage a war
of extermination against her maritime des-
potism. If the continental powers had se-
conded me; if they had not been afraid of
me; if they had understood my ambition,
their flags would have floated from the
mast-head throughout the universe, and
the world would have enjoyed peace. All
things considered, foreign powers have great
reasons to declare war against me; whilst
there are also great reasons to induce them
to remain at peace with me. It is to be

"You will also tell X*** and the rest of
ny friends to nourish and strengthen the
good disposition of the people and the army
by all possible means. Explain to X***
that if the excesses of the Bourbons should
hasten their fall, if the French should drive
them out before my disembarkation, then I
will not allow of a regency, or any thing in
the shape of it; but let them establish a
provisional government, composed of....
of.... of....of.... and of....Go, Sir, I
hope that we shall soon meet again."-
"Sire, where shall I land?".

"You

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That's grams which I shall make will perhaps be to uncouth, that it will be seen at the post-office, that the names are disguised on purpose."— "Do you think, then, that they amuse themselves at the post-office by opening and reading all the letters of business which pass through? They could not get through them. I have attempted to unravel the correspondence carried on under the disguise of banking transactions, but I could never succeed. The post-office is like the police, only fools are caught; yet think of any other method: I shall have no objection."

After I had considered a little while, I said to the Emperor, "Sire, there is a method which perhaps will do. Your majesty has the imperial calendar."- -"Yes, sure."

Well, Sire, the calendar contains the lists of the general officers and colonels of the army. Now, I will suppose, for example, that the regiment quartered at Chambery is commanded by Colonel Paul. I look into the calendar, and I find that Paul stands forty-seven in the list of colonels. I will also suppose that, between ourselves, bill of exchange' means 'colonel' or 'general.' Then I shall write to your Majesty, I have seen your correspondent at Chambery; he has paid me the amount of your bill of exchange, No. 47. Your Majesty will turn to your Majesty's calendar, and then your Majesty will see, that the 47th colonel who commands the regiment of Chambery, is called 'Paul.' And, lastly, in order that your Majesty may be able to tell when I speak of a colonel, a general, or a marshal, I shall take take care to indicate the rank of the officer by one, two, or three dots, placed after the 'No.' The colonel will have one dot. No..; the general two, No..., &c."— “Very good, very good. Here is a calendar for you. Bertrand has one which I will take."

must proceed to Naples; here is a passport | dier answered his general. These actions | recompose their names."-But, Sire, the anaof the island, and a letter for ****. Pretend are not performed for pay.' to place great trust in him, but do not trust very right; I like to see pride."- "Sire, him with any thing. You will give him a Iain not proud, but I have a soul; and if I loose account of the French news; and you thought that your Majesty could believe that may tell him that I send you there to ex-I embraced your Majesty's cause for the plore the soundings, and settle some con- sake of filthy lucre, I should request your cerns of moment. I have directed to Majesty to cease to rely on my services." furnish you with a passport, in order that If I had believed that to be the case, you may be able to return to Paris without I should not have trusted you. No person meeting with any obstacle or danger."- ever received a more honourable and splen"Your Majesty has then determined to did proof of my confidence, than that which send me back to France ?"- "It must I am now bestowing upon you, in deciding, absolutely be so."- "Your Majesty merely on the strength of your word, to quit knows my attachment, and that I am ready the isle of Elba, and in directing you, as my to prove it in any way which may be re- precursor, to announce my speedy arrival in quired. But, Sire, deign to consider, both France. But do not let us talk any more on for your interest and for that of France, that head; and tell me if you recollect fully that my departure has been remarked, and all that I have told you.""I have not lost that my return will excite still more notice, one of your Majesty's expressions. They and that it may give rise to suspicion, and are all engraven on my memory.' "Then perhaps induce the Bourbons to put them- I have only to wish you a pleasant journey. selves on their guard, and cause them to I have directed that every thing should be watch the coasts and the Island of Elba" got ready for your departure. Bah! do you suppose that fellows of "This evening, at nine o'clock, you will the police know every thing, and can foresee find a guide and horses at the gate of the every thing? More is invented than is dis- town: you will be taken to Porto Longone. covered by the police. The agents of our The commandant has been authorized to police were decidedly as good as those of furnish you with the necessary quarantine the present people, and yet they frequently documents. He knows nothing; say nothing knew nothing of what was going on but at to him. At midnight a felucca will leave the end of a week or a fortnight; and then the port, by which you will reach Naples. they found it out only by chance, or incau-I am sorry to have hurt your feelings by oftion, or treason. I don't fear that any dis-fering money to you, but I thought you might closures will be obtained from you by any of be in want of it. Adieu, Monsieur; be cauthese means. You are clever and decided, tious. I hope we shall soon meet again, and and, if they were to work upon you, you I shall acknowledge, in a manner worthy would easily get clear. Besides, when you of your merits, your exertions in favour of once arrive at Paris don't show yourself; the country and of myself." creep into a corner, and nobody will think of Hardly had I gone down to the town, when ferreting you out. I could certainly con- he sent for me again. "I have considered," fide this mission to some of the people who said he, that it is desirable that I should are about me; but I do not wish to make know what regiments are stationed in the any additional confidant; you are trusted eigth and tenth military divisions, and the The calendar given to me by the Emperor by X***; I trust you; and, in one word, names of the commanding officers. You will was richly bound, and stamped with the imyou are exactly the man whom I want undertake to procure this information during perial arms. I tore off the binding. The Your return is certainly exposed to ob- your journey, and transmit it to me without Emperor kept walking up and down, and jections, but they are as nothing when com- the slightest delay. Write triplicates of saying, as he laughed, "It is really excellent; pared to its advantages. All that we have your letters. Send one by way of Genoa, they will never be able to see through it.' said abou the Bourbons, and about France, the second by Leghorn, and the third by Ci-When I had finished, he said, “One thought and about myself, is mere talk, and talk vita Vecchia. You will take care to write brings on another. I have asked myself how won't overturn a throne. In order that my this name legibly (here he gave me a memo- you would manage to write to me, if you enterprise may not be rendered abortive, randum containing the name of an inhabitant should have any thing of unexpected importit must be seconded, and the patriots must of the island). Fold your letters in a busi-ance to communicate. For instance, supprepare to attack the Bourbons on one side, ness-like way. In order that the secret of pose any extraordinary event should make whilst I shall occupy them on the other. your correspondence may not be discovered, you think that my disembarkation ought to And, above all, it is necessary that they should any accident happen, you will put be accelerated or retarded; if the Bourbons should know that they may depend upon your intelligence in the shape of commercial were to be on their guard; in short, I know me; that they may know my sentiments, transactions, and you will 'imitate the usual not what." He remained silent, and then my views, and the resolution which I have style of bankers. I will suppose, for exam- began again. "I only know one way to promade of submitting to every sacrifice, and ple, that between Chambery and Lyon, vide for it: the confidence which I place in exposing myself to every danger, for the going by the way of Grenoble, there are five you ought to be unbounded. I will give you purpose of saving the country." The Em- regiments. You will write to me....in my the key to a cipher which was composed for peror stopped to look at me. He certainly way I have seen the five merchants whom you my use, in order that I might employ it in thought that I was one of those men who mentioned; their views continue the same: corresponding with my family under the only appear reluctant to obey, in order to your credit is increasing daily. The concern most important circumstances. I need not enhance the price of their services; so he will turn out well....do you understand me?" tell you that you must keep it with care: said, "Money is always wanted in travel-"Yes, Sire; but how am I to send the always carry it about you, lest it should be ling; I will order them to pay you a thou- names of the colonels and the generals in lost and if the smallest danger arises, burn sand Louis, and then you may set off."- command?"-"Transpose the letters of it or tear it at the slightest suspicion. With "A thousand Louis!" I exclaimed, with this cipher you may write any thing to me indignation. "Sire, I must answer your which you like. I would rather that you Majesty in the words with which the solshould use it, than be under the necessity of

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their names, and nothing will be more easy. There is not a single colonel or general whoin I do not know, and I shall soon be able to

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to me.

coming back, or of sending any messenger If they intercept a letter written in my cipher, it will take them three months to read it; whilst the capture of an agent night ruin all in an instant." He then went and looked out his cipher; he made me employ it under his eyes, and delivered it to me, exhorting me not to use it unless all other modes of communication should become insufficient."

like any other. If I had no better title than | English and Latin, published and circulated,
that, when I shall present myself to future a small volume of devotional tracts, entitled
ages they would scorn me. My institutions, the King's Primer; calculated to do away
my benefactions, my victories--these are many of the erroneous notions, and to soften
the true titles of my glory. Let them call many of the superstitious prejudices, with
me a Corsican, a corporal, an usurper.. I which Popery had filled the minds of the
don't care.. I shall not be less the object of people; as well as to infuse into them a
wonder, perhaps of veneration, in all future knowledge of the simple truths and spiritual
time. My name, new as it is, will live from doctrines of the gospel, and of the duties
age to age, whilst the names of all these and obligations necessarily resulting there-
kings, and their royal progeny, will be for- from. So ardent and general was the desire
gotten before the worms will have had time for religious information, that the first im-
to consume their carcases." The Emperor pression of the King's Primer was speedily
stopped, and then continued; "I forget disposed of; and in the year 1535 another
that time is precious; I will not detain you edition, on a larger size, and enriched with
any longer. Adieu, Monsieur; embrace ine, many valuable additions, was put forth to
and depart; my thoughts and good wishes gratify the public impatience for this popular
follow you."-Two hours afterwards I was manual. Of this second edition the contents
at sea.
are as follows:-a godly preface; an expo-
sition of the commandments, and of the
creed; a confession; directions concerning
Miscellanies by the Rev. Richard War-prayer; an exposition of the Lord's prayer;
ner, Rector of Great Chalfield, Wilts, a prayer to our Creator; prayers for various
&c. &c. Bath and London, 1819. states of men; an office for all states; a dis-
12mo. 2 vols.
sertation on good works; an exhortation to
expect the cross, and to bear it patiently;
matins or morning service; lauds, or acts of
praise; evensong; the seven penitentia !
psalms; the litany; a contemplation on
psalm li.; a prayer to our Saviour; the his-
tory of Christ's passion; a practical discourse

The Emperor continued, “I do not sup-
pose that you will have occasion to return
here before my departure, unless the sudden
overthrow of our projects should force you to
seck an asylum here. In such a case, ap-
prise me of your intended return, and I will
send for you to any place which you may
name. But we must hope that victory will
declare for us. She loves France....You
have not spoken to me about the affair of
Excelmans: if such a thing had happened
in my time, I should have thought myself
lost when the authority of the master is
not recognised, all is over. The more I
think upon the matter (here he displayed a
sudden emotion), the more I am convinced
that France is mine, and that the patriots
and the army will receive me with open
arms."-"Yes, Sire, I swear to you, upon
my soul, the people and the army will de-
clare for you as soon as they hear your name,
as soon as they see the caps of your grena- little more than notice the contents, and on the passion; instructions for children; a

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diers."-" Provided the people do seek to
do themselves justice before my arrival,
a popular revolution would alarin foreign
powers: they would dread the contagion of
hangs by a thread, that it does not agree
example. They know that royalty only
with the ideas of the age; they would sooner
see me seize the throne, than allow the peo-

As the principal papers of this Miscel-
lany have been published in various pe-
riodical works, of considerable or limit-
ed circulation, and are now only pre-
sented in a collected form, we shall do

transcribe a specimen.

catechetical dialogue; prayers against blindness and hardness of heart; various prayers The first volume consists of Essays and thanksgivings; the Dirige, or office for on the Decay of Intellect; the Admira- the souls of the dead; commendations; and and Insanity; the Sceptic Reclaimed; volume may be considered as the parent of tion of Learning and Talent; Reason the collects, epistles, and gospels, throughout the year, with expositions of them. This an account of Mr. Hamard, a French our present Book of Common Prayer; for Emigrant; and an Historical Sketch of although, during the times of Popery in this the Book of Common Prayer: the se- country, the forms of the Liturgy had always cond comprizes-The Story Teller, with been in the hands of the laity, under the Anecdotes; the Jokes of Hierocles; names of breviaries,* missals and rituais; and a Biographical Memoir of the Rev. yet these being written in Latin, (an unWm. Gilpin. From these truly mis-known tongue to the bulk of the community) and being full of idolatrous prayers, and sucellaneous pieces, we shall select experstitious services, were neither intelligible amples of the grave and of the gay; to the laity, nor could have furnished them and first from the History of the Com- with sound doctrine, nor led them to right pilation of the Book of Common Prayer. practice, had they been generally understood. After a judicious exposition of the con- The royal authority enjoined either the pubduct of our Eighth Henry, on his rup-lic or private use of the volume of services called "the King's Primer." But this sanction was perhaps unnecessary for ensuring its free and general circulation, as the people themselves were sufficiently prepared for its favourable reception; a fact that was clearly evinced by its rapid sale; very many

vorce, the author says―

ple to give it to me. They have re-estab-
blished the Bourbons in order to convince
the people that the rights of sovereigns are
sacred and inviolable. They have blunder-
ed. They would have done more for the
cause of legitimacy by leaving my son there,
than by re-establishing Louis XVIII. My
dynasty had been recognised by France
and by Europe; it had been consecrated by
the Pope. They ought to have respect
ed it. By abusing the rights of victory,
it was in their power to deprive me of the
throne: but it was unjust, odious, impolitic,
to punish the son on account of the wrongsture with the Pope, respecting his di-
of his father, and to deprive him of his in-
heritance. I was not an usurper: they may
say so as long as they like; nobody will be-
Happily for the interests of true religion,
lieve them. The English, the Italians, the Henry was at the time of this quarrel, sur-
Germans, are now too enlightened to allow rounded by wise and good men, who had long
themselves to be crammed with old ideas, ardently wished for a reformation of the
with antiquated notions. In the eyes of na-national faith. Of these, the venerable Cran-
tions, the sovereign who is chosen by the mer, and the active Cromwell, were the
entirety of the nation, will always be the le-leading characters; who wisely availed them-
gitimate sovereign....The sovereigns who selves of Henry's indignation, and of the
ent their ambassadors to me with servile
solemnity; who placed in my bed a girl of
their breed: who called me their brother,
and who, after doing all this, have stigma-
tized me as an usurper, they have spit in
their own faces by trying to spit at me.
They have degraded the majesty of kings.
They have covered majesty with mud.
What is the name of an Emperor? A word

influence they at that time possessed in his
esteem and opinion, to confirm his resolu-
tion of throwing off the Papal yoke, and to
render this freedom from superstitious thral-
dom the means of diffusing a purer religion
over their own country. With the King's
sanction, therefore, and (it should seem)
assistance also, these able friends of the Re-
formation compiled without delay, both in

* Breviaries contained matins, or morning service; lauds, or acts of praise; and vespers, or evensong. Missals, or mass-books, contained the communion service, with the collects, epistles, and gospels, to be used throughout the year. The Rituals contained the occasional services; baptism, matrimony, visitation of the sick, form of burial, &c. These books of liturgical serforms and arrangement of their contents, in difvices differed frequently from each other in the ferent places. Those chiefly in use in this kingdom were the Breviaries, Missals, and Rituals of Sarun, York, Lincoln, Hereford, and Bangor.

editions being called for in the course of a few years.

In 1535 the Bible, translated into English, was first given to the public; and in the year ensuing the original of the thirty-nine Articles, which were finally settled in 1662.

lowed it; of the rubrick that ordered water to be mixed with the sacramental wine; of the use of oil in baptism; and of the unction of the sick. Certain hymns also were introduced after the lessons; some occasional prayers at the end of the litany were added, and different rubrics were inserted. The ten commandments were appointed to be read after the collect, in the beginning of the communion service, and the short petition which follows each commandment was inserted. The habits of the officiating minister prescribed by the former book were, by the present one, ordered to be laid aside; and a rubric was added at the end of the communion service to explain the reason of kneeling at the sacrament.

In 1553 Cranmer drew up " A Short Catechism," which was adopted; but in the reign of Mary the labours of reform were buried in the graves of Martyrs. On the accession of Elizabeth—

Mary's act of repeal was reversed; and measures were taken, and commissioners

therefore, was appointed to draw up in English a book of services for the general use of the church; which consisted of Arehbishop Cranmer; Thomas Goodrich, bishop of Ely; Henry Holbeach, alias Randes, bishop of Lincoln; George Day, bishop of Chichester; John Skip, bishop of Hereford; Thomas Thirlby, bishop of Westminster; The year 1537 was marked by fresh en-Nicholas Ridley, bishop of Rochester; Dr. deavours of the reformers to accomplish William May, dean of St. Paul's, London; their great and salutary work. Cranmer, Dr. John Taylor, dean (afterwards bishop) Latimer, and other prelates (nominated as of Lincoln; Dr. Simon Heynes, dean of a committee for that and other purposes, by Exeter; Dr. John Redmayne, master of the convocation held in 1536,) drew up and Trinity College in Cambridge; Dr. Richard published a compendium of religious instruc-Cox, dean of Christchurch in Oxford; and tion called, "The Institution of a Christen Mr. Thomas Robertson, archdeacon of LeiMan, conteynyng the Exposition or Inter-cester. These divines entered with such arpretation of the Commune Crede, of the dour upon this business, and continued it Seven Sacramentes, of the Ten Commande- with such perseverance, that in a few months ments, and of the Pater Noster, and the they had prepared for public use all the Ave Maria, Justyfication, and Purga- offices for morning and evening prayer, for tory." This treatise, consisting of rules of Sundays and holidays; as well as the forms faith and practice, (having been revised and for baptism, confirmation, matrimony, bucorrected by the king, and again reviewed by rial of the dead, &c. &c. The book being completed, it was by Cranmer presented to Cranmer, in 1540,) continued to be in the young king, [Edw. VI.] who received it appointed, for another review of Edward's neral request and use till the year 1543; when it was superseded by an enlarged and with every mark of delight. Parliament imme-Book of Common Prayer. The commisimproved edition of the same work, altered, diately (viz. at the close of the year 1548) con- sioners were, Dr. Parker, afterwards Archhowever, in matter and arrangement, and firmed its authority, and enjoined its general bishop of Canterbury; Dr. Guest, Dean of bearing the new title of "A necessary Doc-use, under the title of "The Book of Common Canterbury; Dr. Cox and Dr. May, (commissioners for a similar purpose in Edward's trine and Erudition for any Christian Man, set forth by the King's Majesty of England, time; Dr. Grindal, bishop of London; Dr. Sandys, afterwards bishop of Worcester; &c." It was called the "King's Book," and Dr. Whitehead; Dr. Bill; and Dr. Pilking designed for a standard of Christian belief, ton, afterwards bishop of Durham. These and contained the following articles or treaA new and corrected edition, under learned and pious men commenced their tises: The Declaration of faith. The ar- the name of the New Service, was pub-task in December, 1558, and completed it ticles of our belief, called the Creed. The lished in April 1552. in the ensuing April, when Parliament ratiSeven Sacraments. The Ten Commandments of Almighty God. Our Lord's Prayer, The alterations of most importance adopt-fied the review, with one amendment only, called the Pater Noster. The salutation of ed in this new edition were as follow. that of enjoining the communicants to kneel, the angel, called the Ave Maria. An article The appointment of the sentences, exhorta- instead of standing, when they received the With this of free-will. An article of justification. An tion, confession, and absolution, to be read elements of bread and wine. article of good works. Of prayer for souls at the beginning of the morning and evening amendment the new book was commanded departed." In the year following the publi- services, which in the first Common Prayer to be received into public use on the festival cation of this book, another step was made Book began with the Lord's Prayer; the re- of St. John the Baptist, 1559. Amongst in the progress of reformation, as well as a the communion office, and in that for the nature, the following were suggested by the jection of prayers for souls departed, both in some other alterations of a trifling or verbal small advance in the introduction of a na burial of the dead; of the inocution of the commissioners, and adopted in the Book of tional liturgy; namely, the printing and cir- Holy Ghost, in the consecration of the Eu Common Prayer now under consideration. culating of a form of procession, drawn up charist; of the prayer of oblation, that fol- The place in which the morning and evening in the English tongue, entitled, "An exhortation to prayer, thought meet by his Majesty and his clergy, to be read to the people; also a litany with suffrages, to be said or sung in time of the processions."

Prayer, and Administration of the Sacra-
ments, and other Rites and Ceremonies of
the Church; after the Ese of the Church of
England."

The commissioners assembled in the month of May, 1548, and came immediately to the unanimous resolution, that, setting aside all prejudice, they would reject nothing of what was already done to their hand, merely through love

public ritual to the simplicity of the service of

service should be read (which hitherto had been the chancel) was left to the appointment of the ordinary. Proper first lessons were now appointed for Sundays; for hitherto those for the day of the month had been

We have seen above, that some steps had of change; but only endeavour to restore the regularly used on the Lord's day. The very harsh and objectionable deprecation in the already been taken for providing the people the primitive church, by abolishing the super-litany was omitted: "From the tyranny of with intelligible religious services, by the stitious errors and ceremonies with which Popery the bishop of Rome, and all his detestable publication of the King's Primer, the Form had encumbered the worship of God. The com- enormities, good Lord deliver us." The inof Procession, and the Necessary Doctrine missioners, therefore, entered upon an ex- tercessions for the Queen were incorporated and Erudition for any Christian Man; but amination of the Breviaries, Missals, and Rituals, into the same service; and towards the conthese did not amount to the establishment of in general use, as well as the book of offices; clusion of it, "A Prayer for the Queen's a general and uniform liturgy, nor were and scrupulously comparing them with ancient Majesty" was introduced; together with that they attended with any compulsory injunc-liturgies, and the ritual compositions of the early for the Clergy and people," and the beaution to ensure their exclusive use. Much fathers, they adopted whatever had the authority tiful collect which commences with these had hitherto been left to the discretion of the of scripture, and the sanction of pure ecclesiastical words, "O God, whose nature and property officiating clergy, who, in the performance antiquity on its side; and rejected whatever was is ever to have mercy and forgive." The of public worship, seem either to have con- contrary thereto, or which was in itself trifling, habits of the officiating ministers, enjoined

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tinued the use of the popish services, with-
out making any alteration in them, or to
have adopted only partially the new ones
prepared by the reformers. A committee,

idle, or superstitious. Dr. Bennet has made a
curious calculation of that proportion of our
present offices which has been borrowed from
Popish liturgies, and states it as not exceeding
one fourteenth part.

by the first book of King Edward, and pro-
hibited by the second, were ordered again to
be adopted. The rubric, which was added
at the conclusion of the communion service,

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in the second book of King Edward VI. denying | House of Commons, in the year 1795, for to him, in order to secure its contents from Christ's corporal and real presence in the holy a reward of 10007, to be granted to Mr. El-being purloined. One of his slaves, however, sacrament, was now left out; and in order still kington, whom he stated to be the best art-perforated the vessel at the bottom, and further to conciliate the Roman Catholics, ist for draining the country; Mr. Jekyll, drew off part of the wine. The pedant, exand unite the nation in one faith and mode of who sat next to him, whispered in his ear, pressing his surprise at the decrease of the worship, the royal injunctions expressly you forget the King of Prussia, and the liquor, a friend recommended him to exacommanded, that the sacramental bread, Emperor of Germany; who have shewn mine the lower part of the cask. "Blockwhich the rubric only enjoined to be of the themselves infinitely more successful artists head," replied the pedant, "it is not the finest wheaten flour, should be made of a for draining the country, and have already bottom but the top of my wine which I have round form, similar in shape to the wafer been much better paid for it." lost." used in the Romish mass.

Few persons are more remarkable for those Under the house of Stuart the Puri- sprightly conccits in conversation, which, by tans and Presbyterians endeavoured to a strange misnomer, are called good things, than the Rev. S-d-y Sm-th. An acintroduce other changes; but the Church quaintance of his some time since expressing Commissioners, on a review, adopted his doubts, whether he would find a residence only a few slight typographical and ver-upon his country living altogether accordant bal alterations; by which our Book of to his taste, or rural pursuits suited to a man Common Prayer, as it now exists, was of London habits; the witty clerk replied, definitively settled, as we have above You are entirely mistaken, Sir, the situastated, in 1662. tion is precisely what I could wish. I have

We have thought that these historical particulars, in a condensed shape, might he agreeably quoted, especially as, though well known to Divines and Scholars, they are scattered over so many large works, as to be far from familiar to the general reader. We shall now close with a few examples of the Story Teller, and Jokes of Hierocles, from the second volume.

66

always had a little green spot in my heart,

and ever looked forward with pleasure to the
future in Rus."

David, the painter, was a monster of cru-
elty He was intimately acquainted with
Robespierre, whom he much resembled in
character; and was accustomed to say, "If
I love blood, it is because nature has given

me that disposition." He attended the
Desmoulins, as a spectacle connected with
his improvement in the art of painting; and
at the time of the massacre of the prisoners
at La Force, in September 1792, he was
composedly making sketches from the dying
and the dead. Reboul asked him what he
was doing? "I am catching," said he, "the
last convulsions of nature, in these scoun-
drels."

execution of his friends Danton and Camille

The old Grecian has furnished many
a modern wit with matter.-—ex. gr.
A Pedant, meeting his friend, thus
addressed him, "In a dream the other night,
I spoke to you." "I crave your pardon,'
returned the other, "for not attending to
you."

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Smuggling, it appears, is not an exclusive characteristic of the English nation. Our neighbours the French are up to all the tricks and artifices of the system, and play off upon John Bull a variety of impositions in the line of contraband trade. A short time after the restoration of intercourse between France and England, a countryman of ours who was travelling throuhg the Netherlands and Flanders, on to Paris, made a purchase at Brussels of 100%. worth of lace, which he intended to convey home, free of duty, as a present to his wife. According to the present regulations on the continent, a heavy impost is paid, at the frontier towns, on all articles of Flemish manufacture, which are brought from thence into France. Of this the gentleman was not aware; and of course when he reached the frontier town, his lace was seized by the officer of the customs. He tried every means to regain the packet from the harpy, but without success. He was given to understand that no compromise could be made; and that the duty, which was a heavy one, must be paid. Unwilling to lose what he had already advanced, and at the same time exceedingly disinclined to pay a considerable additional sum for an article, which, after all, was of no essential importance, he was balancing in his mind whether he should re- of linquish or redeem it; when he received a packet from the custom-house containing the object of his anxiety; and a note, informing him, that the officer begged to return his lace, with an apology for having seized it; "for that, on a close inspection, it was discovered that the article was of English and not Brussels manufacture; and therefore not liable to the duty."

66

One Pedant meeting another said to him, "Why I heard that you were dead." His friend replied, you sce, however, that I am alive." So you say," returned he, "but the man who gave me the account was more worthy of credit than yourself."

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A Pedant, wishing to cross a ferry, entered the boat on horseback. On being asked his reason for so doing; "That I may make haste," said he.

These may suffice for the illustration of the Rev. author's production; and

we have only to add, that the seeming incongruity of subject is not so observ able when divided into separate volumes, as when thus brought together in our review.

The History and Antiquities of the Metropolitan Church of York; illustrated by a series of Engravings, of Views, Elevations, Plans, and Details of the Architecture of that Edifice; with Biographical Anecdotes of the Archbishops. By John Britton, F. S. A. London, 1819, 4to. pp. 96.

In our Volume for the year 1818, will be found (at page 503,) an account of Mr. Britton's immediately preceding volume, the History of Winchester Cathedral. The praises bestowed on that beautiful performance, are equally me rited by the present, which possesses the same antiquarian research dwelling on the instructive rather than on the controversial; the same admirable illustrations of the subject by suberb engravings; and the same means of pleasing the mind and eye by its composition and ornaments. The public is, indeed, much the author's debtor for this elegant and useful work; and it is with regret we observe it stated in the preface, that a pursuit of such national concernment is persevered in, to the detriment of its able and zealous follower. Besides Winchester, Salisbury and Norwich have already been described and delineated; and we see it announced that the histories of other Cathedrals are in a forward state of preparation :

A Pedant visiting a sick man, asked how he was? The patient being too far gone to answer, the other cursed him, and exclaimed, "I wish I were ill myself, that I might treat you with the same incivility, when you inquired after my health."

When Sir John Sinclair moved in the

A Pedant having dreamt one night
that a nail had run into his foot, and given
him great pain, put a bandage round the
part. A friend accidentally met him, and
learning the cause of his limb being swathed,
inquired how he could think of sleeping
without shoes?

A Pedant had carefully sealed the head
a cask of excellent wine which belonged

The original word is Exarxes; a word
to which we have no corresponding single term
in the English language. It does not so much
convey the idea of a pedant, or dull, learned
coxcomb, as that of a man whose mind has
been completely absorbed, and time entirely en-
grossed, by books, or rather, by the trifling
disputes of the schools, to the exclusion of all
observation of of living manners, and all expe-
rience of the common affairs of life.

of our good King George the Ild.; who, being This puts us in mind of an anecdote told overtaken by a viclert tempest on his passage to Holland, exclaimed, with great agitation," De ble my guard!"

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