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No. 158.

SATURDAY, JANUARY 29,

REVIEW OF NEW BOOKS.

BUONAPARTE.

Memoires pour servir à l' Histoire de la Vie privée, du Retour, et du Regne de Na-I poleon, en 1815. Par M. Fleury de Chaboulon, ex-Secrétaire de l'Empereur, et

[From this remarkable work, the translation of which has not yet appeared, and the French edition of which has just isssued from the press, we can only at present extract details ascribed to a deceased Colonel Z.. the person whose visit to Elba induced Buonaparte to take, perhaps, the most important step in his life. It places this momentous transaction in a new light; and the dialogue is so singularly characteristic, that we have transgressed our usual bounds to place it entire before our Readers. We have no room now for discussion: the author, after relating his previous arrangements with the Buonapartists in Paris, and the difficulties of his journey to Elba, thus describes his interviews with the Monarch of that Isle :]

66

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1820.

PRICE 8d. letter, to designate a partizan, of much pow- Majesty.'".." Ah! ah! I really do recoler.]" Yes, Sire."-" Has he sent a letter lect-yes, I was very well pleased indeed, for me by you?""No, Sire."-Napoleon, with your behaviour at and at interrupting me, "I see he forgets me just you showed much resolution, much strength like the rest; since I have been here, I have of character. Did I not decorate' you on not heard a word of him or of any body."- the field of battle?"-" Yes, Sire."-Nainterrupted the Emperor in my turn, polcon, with greater warmth and confidence, Sire, he has never ceased to entertain "Eh bien! how are they all treated in those sentiments of devotion and attachment France by the Bourbons?"—" Sire, the de son Cabinet, &c. &c. Tomes II. 8vo.ed by all true Frenchmen; and-" Napo- tions of the French, and the number of maltowards your Majesty which are still cherish-Bourbons have not realized the expectaLondon, 1819. leon, with disdain; "What, do they still contents increases every day."-Napoleon, think of me in France ?"—"Never will they sharply; "So much the worse, so much the forget you."-" Never! that is a strong exworse but how, has not X. sent me any pression; the French have another Sove letters?""No, Sire; he was afraid lest reign, and they are commanded both by they might be taken from me; and as he their duty and their tranquillity to think on thought that your Majesty, being now comhim alone." This answer did not please me: pelled to be vigilant, and to distrust all The Emperor, thought I to myself, is out the world, might distrust me also, he of humour because I have not brought him has revealed several circumstances to me, any letters; he mistrusts me: it was not which are only known to your Majesty and worth while to come so far for the sake of to himself; thus enabling me to give a proof an ungracious reception. Napoleon, con- that I am worthy of your Majesty's confitinuing, "What do they think about me in dence."-"Let us hear them." I began my France ?"-" There, your Majesty is uni- detail, but he exclaimed, without allowing versally deplored and regretted."-" Yes, me to finish, "That's enough; why did you and there, also, they manufacture all sorts not begin by telling me all that? there is of lies concerning ine. Sometimes they say half an hour that we have lost." This that I am mad, sometimes that I am ill, and storm disconcerted me. He perceived my you may see (here the Emperor looked at confusion, and resumed his discourse with his embonpoint), if I look like an ailing man. mildness." Come, make yourself easy, Half an hour afterwards the Marshal de- It is also given out that they intend to trans- aud repeat to me, with the greatest minute sired me to proceed as quickly as possible to port me either to St. Helena or to Malta. Iness, all that has passed between you and the Emperor's garden-gate; the Emperor, would not advise them to try. I have provi-X ***." I then related the circumstances would come there, and speak to me without sions for six months, and brave followers to which had induced ane to have an interview appearing to know me. I went accordingly defend me: but I cannot think that Europe with Monsieur X* I repeated our the Emperor, according to his custom, was will be so dishonourable as to rise in arms conversation word for word I gave him a walking with his hands behind back. against a single man, who has neither the complete account of all the faults and excessHe passed several times before me vthout power nor the inclination of hurting others. es of the royal government; and I was going lifting up his eyes; at last he looked at me: The Emperor Alexander has too much love to draw the inferences which had occurred to he stopped, and asked me in Italian what for posterity to lend himself to such a crime. Monsieur X**** and ine. But the Emcountryman I was. I answered in French They have guaranteed the sovereignty of the peror, who, when he was affected, was inthat I was a Parisian; that business had isle of Elba to me by a solemn treaty. Here capable of listening to any recital without called me to Italy; and that I could not re- I am in my own hoine; and as long as I do interrupting it, and making his comments sist the desire of seeing my old sovereign. not go out to pick a quarrel with my neigh-at every moment, stopped my mouth, "I "Well, Sir, talk to me about Paris and bours, they have no right to come and dis- thought so, too," said he, "when I abdiFrance;" and as he finished these words turb me... have you served in the grand cated, that the Bourbons, instructed and he began to walk again. I accompanied army?"-"Yes, Sire, I had the felicity of disciplined by adversity, would not full again him; and after he had put several indiffer- distinguishing myself under your Majesty's into the errors which ruined them in 1789. ent questions to me aloud, he desired me to eyes in the plains of Champagne; your Ma- thought that the king would govern you enter his apartments: he then ordered Ber-jesty appeared to take such particular notice trand and Drouot to retire, and forced me to of me, that I had dared to hope that your sit down by his side. Napoleon began in a Majesty would recollect me."-"Why, yes; reserved and absent manner: "The grand I thought, somehow, that I knew your face Marshal tells me that you have just arrived when I saw you, but I have only a confused from France.”—“ Yes, Sire." What do recollection of you."-Poor mortals! thought you want here?"—"Sire, I wish to offer to myself, go and expose your lives for the my services to you; my conduct in 1814-" sake of kings, go and sacrifice your youth, Napoleon interrupting me,-" Sir, I do not your repose, your happiness for their sake question but that you are a very good officer, "In what affairs have you distinguished however I have so many officers with me yourself?”—“Sire, at * * * *, and at * already, that it will be very difficult for me Marshal Ney there presented me to your to assist you; yet we will see: it appears Majesty, saying, Sire, here is the intrepid that you know M. X * *."-[A fictitious S.... P.... of whom I have spoken to your

VOL. IV.

I

I

Napoleon usually liked to intimidate and disconcert those who approached him. Sometimes he feigned that he could not hear you, and then he would make you repeat in a very loud tone what he had heard perfectly well before. However, he was really deaf in a slight degree. At other times he would overwhelm you with such rapid and abrupt interrogatories, that you had not time to understand him, and were compelled to give your answers in confusion. He used then to laugh at your embarrassment; and when he had driven you out of your presence of mind and confidence, he amused himself at your expence.---Note of the author of the work,

every day. They have sent to Corsica one
of the assassins of Georges, a wretch whom
the English journals themselves have pointed
out to Europe as a blood-thirsty assassin;
but let us be on the alert. If he misses me,
I won't iniss him. I shall send my grena-
diers after him, and he shall be shot as an
example to others.

en bon homme? This was the only way attribute our great misfortunes to the right by which he could obtain a pardon from authors. I collect with great pleasure, from you, for having been put upon you by fothe intelligence which you have brought, reigners. But since they have stepped into that the opinion which I had formed respectFrance, they have done nothing but acts of ing the situation of France, is correct. The madness. Their treaty of the 23d of April, family of the Bourbons is not fit to reign. (raising his voice,) has made me deeply Their government may be good for priests, indignant: with one stroke of the pen they nobles, and old fashioned countesses: it is have robbed France of Belgium, and of all After a few moments of silence, he said, good for nothing for the present generation. the territory acquired since the revolution. "Do my generals go to court? they must The revolution has taught the people to They have deprived the nation of its docks, cut a sad figure there." I waited for the know their rank in the state. They will its arsenals, its fleets, its artillery, and the end of this digression, in order to resume never consent to fall back into their former immense materiel which I had collected in the thread of my discourse. As I was con- nullity, and to be tied up by the nobility and the fortresses and the ports which they have vinced that I could not possibly lead the the clergy. The army can never belong to ceded. Talleyrand has led them into this conversation, I resolved to let the Emperor the Bourbons. Our victories and our misinfamous business: he must have been have it according to his own way, and I an- fortunes have established an indissoluble tie bribed. Peace is easy upon such terms. If, swered, "Yes, Sire, and they are furious to between the army and myself. It is only like them, I had consented to the ruin of see themselves superseded in favour by emi-through me that the soldiers can earn venFrance, they would not now be on my grants who have never heard the sound of a geance, power, and glory. From the Bourthrone: (with energy,) I would sooner cannon."-"The emigrants will never alter. bons they can get nothing but insults and have cut off my right hand. I preferred re- As long as they were only required to dance blows. Kings can only retain their power nouncing my throne rather than to retain it attendance in my anti-chamber, I had more by the love of their subjects or by fear. The by staining my glory, and the honour of the than enough of them. When it was neces- Bourbons are neither loved nor feared. At French nation......A degraded crown is an sary to shew any heart, they slunk away last they will throw themselves off their intolerable burthen. My enemies have pub-like......I committed a great crror, when I throne: but they may yet retain their posilished every where, that I obstinately re-recalled that anti-national race into France. tion for a long time. Frenchmen do not fused to make peace. They have represent- If it had not been for me, they would have know how to conspire." ed me as a wretched madman, eager only died of starvation abroad; but then I had In pronouncing these words, the Emperor for blood and carnage: this language an- great motives. I wanted to reconcile Eu- continued walking hastily, and using many swered their turn. When you wish to hang rope to us, and to close the revolution.. gestures. He rather appeared to be soliloyour dog, you give out that he is mad: What do my soldiers say about me?". quizing than addressing any one else; he Quand on veut tuer son chien, il faut bien "The soldiers, Sire, talk constantly about then continued, looking at me aside, “Does faire accroire qu'il est enragé. But Eu- your immortal victories. They never pro- M. X.*** think that these people can stand rope shall know the truth: I will let the nounce your name but with respect, admi- much longer?"-" His opinion on this point world know all that was said and done at ration, and grief. When the Princes give is exactly conformable to the general opinion; Chatillon. I will unmask the Austrians, the money to the soldiers, they drink it out to that is to say, it is now the general impresRussians, and the English, with a powerful your health, and when they are forced to cry sion and conviction, that the government is hand. Europe shall judge: Europe shall Vive le Roi! they add in a whisper, de Rome." hastening to its fall. The priests and the emisay who was the rogue, and who was wish- -"And so they still love me?" (smiling). grants are its only partisans; every man of ing to shed human blood. If I had been -"Yes, Sire, and I may even venture to patriotism or soul is its enemy."-Napoleon mad for war, I might have retired with my say, more than ever."-"What do they say (with energy), “Yes, all men in whose veins army beyond the Loire, and I might have about our misfortunes?"—" They consi- any national blood is flowing must be its eneenjoyed mountain warfare to my heart's der them as the effect of treachery; and they mies; but how will all this end? Is it content. I would not; I was tired of car. constantly repeat, that they never would thought that there will be a new revolution?" nage....my name, and the brave fellows have been conquered, if they had not been-"Sire, discontent and irritation prevail to who remained faithful to me, yet made the sold to their enemies. They are particu- such an extent, that the slightest partial efallies tremble, even out of the capital. They larly indignant with respect to the capitula- fervescence would inevitably cause a general offered Italy to me as the price of my abdi- tion of Paris."-" They are right: had it insurrection, and nobody would be surprised cation: I refused it. After once reigning not been for the infamous defection of the if it were to take place to-morrow."—" But over France, one ought not to reign any Duke of Ragusa, the allies would have been what would you do were you to expel the where else. I chose the Isle of Elba. They lost. I was inaster of their rear, and of all Bourbons: would you re-establish the repubwere too happy to give Elba to me. This their resources; not a man would have esca- lic?"-"The republic, Sire! nobody thinks position suited me. I can watch France and ped. They too would have had their twenty- about it; perhaps they would create a rethe Bourbons. All that I have done has ninth bulletin. Marmont is a wretch; he geney."-Napoleon (with vehemence and been only for France. It is for her sake and has ruined his country, and delivered up his surprise), "A regency! And wherefore? am not for mine that I wished to render her the sovereign. His convention with Schwart- I dead?"- 'But your absence...."-" My first nation in the universe. My glory is zenburg would alone suffice to dishonour absence makes no difference. In a couple of made for myself....... If I had only him. If he had not known when he sur- days I would be back again in France, if the thought of myself, I would have returned to rendered, that he compromised my person nation were to recal me. Do you think it a private station, but it was my duty to re- and my army, he would not have found it would be well, if I were to return?" The tain the imperial title for my family and my necessary to make stipulations in favour of Emperor turned away his eyes, and I could son....Next to France, my son is the dear- my liberty and life. This piece of treachery easily remark, that to this question he attachest object in the world to me." is not the only one. He has intrigued with ed more importance than he cared to maniTalleyrand to take the regency from the Em-fest, and that he expected my answer with press, and the crown from my son. Caulin- anxiety. "Sire, I dare not personally atcourt, Macdonald, and the rest of the mar-tempt to answer such a question, but...." shals, have been cheated and gulled by him Napoleon (abruptly), "That's not what I in the most shameful manner. All his blood am asking you: answer yes or no."" Why would not be sufficient to expiate the harm then, Sire,-yes."-Napoleon (with tenderwhich he has done to France....I will devote ness), "You really think so?"-"Yes, Sire, his name to the execration of posterity. II am convinced, and so is M. X***, that am glad to learn that my soldiers retain the the people and the army would receive you feeling of their superiority, and that they as their deliverer, and that your cause would

During the whole of this discourse, the Emperor continued striding up and down, and appeared violently agitated. He paused a little while, and then he began again. They (i. e. the emigrants) know too well that I am here, and they would like to assassinate me. I discover new plots, new snares

* Ma gloire est faite a moi mon nom vivra autant que celui de Dieu.

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be embraced with enthusiasm."-Napoleon | thought it a crime to substitute the inspira- glory, and the Bourbons, who wish to dis(appearing agitated and impatient), Then tions of my imagination in the place of honour them....And the Marshals, what X*** advises me to return?"-"We had truth."-" You therefore think that France will they do?"-" The Marshals, who are foreseen that your Majesty would make in- awaits her redemption from me; that I shall full of inoney and titles, have nothing to quiries on this point, and the following is li- be received as a deliverer."—"Yes, Sire; wish for but repose. They would fear to terally his answer. You will tell his majesty I will even say more the royal government compromise their existence by embracing a that I would not dare to decide so impor- is so exceedingly hateful and disgusting to doubtful party; and perhaps they will contant a question, but that he may consider it the French, the government weighs so very tinue merely spectators of the crisis. Peras a positive and incontrovertible fact, tha heavily on the nation and the ariny, that not haps even the fear lest your Majesty may our present government has wholly lost the only your Majesty, but any body else who possibly punish them for their defection or confidence of the people and of the army: would endeavour to liberate the French treason in 1814 may induce them to adhere that discontent has increased to the highest would find them disposed to second him.”- to the king.”—“ I will punish no one. Do pitch, and that it is impossible to believe that Napoleon (with dignity): "Repeat that to you take me rightly? Tell M. ** *clearly, the government can stand much longer me again."-" Yes, Sire, I do repeat it. that I will forget every thing. We have all against the universal dislike. You will add, The French are so wearied, and degraded, reason to reproach each other.”—“ Sire, I that the Emperor is the only object of the and incensed, by the anti-national yoke of will tell him so with the greatest joy. This regret and hope of the nation. He, in his the emigrants and the priests, that they are assurance will completely gain all opinions wisdom, will decide what he ought to do." ready to join any one who will promise to over to your side; because even amongst The Emperor became silent and pensive; deliver them."-" But if I were to disembark your partisans there are men who dread your and, after a long meditation he said, "I will in France, is there not reason to fear that return; lest you should revenge yourself." reflect upon it; I will keep you with me. the patriots may be massacred by the emi- "Yes, I know that it is thought that I Come here to-morrow at eleven o'clock." grants and the chouans?"-" No, Sire, I am revengeful, and even sanguinary; that I do not think so; we are the most numerous am considered as a kind of ogre, as a manAt eleven o'clock I attended, to present and the bravest party."-"Yes, but they may eater. They are mistaken: I will make myself to the Emperor. They made me heap you in the prisons, and cut your every one do his duty, and I will be obeyed; wait in his saloon on the ground floor. The throats."-" Sire, the people will not let and that's all. A weak sovereign is a calastriped silk hangings were half worn out and them do that."-" I hope you may not be mity to his subjects. If he allows criminals faded; the carpet was threadbare, and deceived; to be sure, I shall get to Paris and traitors to fancy that he does not know patched in several places; a few shabby so speedily, that they won't have time to how to punish, there is no longer any secuarin chairs completed the furniture of the consider where they are to hide their heads. rity either for the state or for individuals. apartment. I thought upon the splendour I shall be there as soon as the news of my More crimes are prevented than repressed of the imperial palaces, and I drew a deep disembarkation....Yes," the Emperor con- by severity. A sovereign must govern by and melancholy sigh. The Emperor ar- tinued, after taking a few steps, "I have his head, and not by his heart. Yet, tell rived: he had assumed a degree of calmness resolved....It was I who gave the Bourbons X*** that I except Talleyrand, Augereau, in his manner, which was belied by his eyes. to France, and it is I who must rid France and the Duke of Ragusa, out of the general It was easy to see that he had been violently of them....I will set off....The enterprise pardon. They caused all our misfortunes. agitated. Sir," said he, "I declared to is vast, it is difficult, it is dangerous, but it The country must be revenged."-" But you yesterday, that I retained you in my is not beyond me. On great occasions for- why exclude them, Sire? Is there not reaservice. I repeat the same to you to-day. tune has never abandoned me....I shall son to fear that this exclusion may deprive From this instant you belong to me, and I set off, but not alone; I won't run the risk you of the fruits of your clemency, and may hope you will fulfil your duties towards me of allowing myself to be collared by the even raise doubts as to your sincerity in like a good and faithful subject: you swear gens-darmes. I will depart with my sword, future?"-"It would be much more exthat you will-is it not so ?"-"Yes, Sire, I iny Polanders, my grenadiers....all France is posed to doubt were I to pardon them."swear."-"That's right." After a pause, on my side. I belong to France; and for her "But, Sire...."-" Don't you trouble "I had foreseen the crisis to which France I will sacrifice my repose, my blood, my life, your head about it....what is the strength would come, but I did not think that things with the greatest joy." After this speech, of the army?"-" Sire, I do not know; I were so ripe. It was my intention not to the Emperor stopped; his eyes sparkled only know that it has been much weakened interfere any longer in political affairs. The with hope and genius: his attitude announced by desertion and by discharges, and that few intelligence which you have brought to me energy, confidence, victory; he was grand, of the regiments consist of more than three has changed my resolutions. I have caused he was beautiful, he was adorable!--he re- hundred men."-"So much the better; the misfortunes of France; therefore I must sumed his discourse, and said, "Do you those who are good for nothing have probaremove them but before I commit myself, think that they will dare to wait for me?"-bly left the army; the good soldiers will have I wish to have a thorough knowledge of the" No, Sire."-" I don't think so, either: remained. Do you know the names of the state of our affairs. Sit down: repeat to officers who command the maritime districts, me all that you told me yesterday; I like to and the eighth division?"-" No, Sire."hear you." Napoleon (out of temper), "Why did not X*** give you that information ?”—“ Sire, both M. X*** and myself were far from supposing that your Majesty would immediately embrace the glorious resolution of re-appearing in France; besides which, he night believe, according to the common report, that your agents did not allow you to remain in ignorance of any circumstance which might interest you.""I do know that the newspapers gave out that I had agents....It is an idle story. It is true that I sent some of my people to France, in order to learn what was going on; but they stole my money, and only treated me with the gabble of the canaille. C been to see ine, but he knew nothing. You are the first person from whom I have as

they will quake when they hear the thunder of my name; and they will know that they can only escape me by a speedy flight. But what Re-assured by these words, and by a look will be the conduct of the national guards? full of kindness and benignity, I abandoned Do you think they will fight for them?"myself without reserve to all the inspirations "I think, Sire, that the national guards of my heart and soul. The picture which I will remain neutral."- "Even that's a great drew of the sufferings and hopes of the na-deal; as to their gardes du corps, and tion, which I presented to the Emperor, was so touching and so animated, that he was astonished. "You are a noble young fellow," said he, "you have truly the soul of a Frenchman; but are you not carried away by your imagination ?"- No, Sire; the recital which I have made to your Majesty is quite faithful. I may have expressed myself with warmth, because I cannot express my feelings otherwise; but all that I have told you is exact and true. Under such important circumstances, I should have

their red regiments, I am not afraid of them:
they are either old men or boys: they will
be frightened by the mustachios of my gre
nadiers. I will make my grenadiers hoist
the national flag" lifting up his voice and
his hand : " I will appeal to my old soldiers;
I will speak to them. None of them will
refuse to hear the voice of their old general
....It is certain that the soldiers cannot
hesitate to choose between the white flag and
the tricoloured flag; between me, by whom
they have been covered with rewards and

has

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