death's heads upon it, were borne before the culprit, who advanced between two priests. He mounted the scaffold with a firm step, and did not once flinch till he stooped to put his head into the groove prepared to quences of irritating so irascible a being, she | ly gone; for, in such a fermenting mass, very nobly replied, "Oh no! we fear very the work of corruption must go on swimlittle from those whom we do not esteem.-mingly. Quick lime is added to hasten the ("O que non! on craint peu, celui qu'on process, and nothing seemed to remain, but n' estime pas.") a dry heap of bones and skulls. What must be the feelings of those, who can suf-receive it. fer the remains of a Friend, a Sister, a Mother, or a Wife, to be thus disposed of? Indifferent as I feel to the posthumous fate of my own remains, Heaven grant, that I may at least rest and rot alone; and not be mixed up in so horrible a human hash as this! 1 From Rome our author went to Naples, where the same pre-occupation of the field by former writers begets the same sterility in his accounts of that city, and all its adjacent marvels. The squalid looks of the inhabitants of the Pontine Marshes, justified the answer given to a traveller, who inquired of a group of these animated spectres, "How do you manage to live here ?"—" We die:" and so they did in another way at Pompeii, which Mr. M. visited, and tells us, that, among other human remains dug up, "In the stocks of the guard-room, which were used as a military punishment, the skeletons of four soldiers were found sitting; but these poor fellows have now been released from their ignominious situation, and the stocks, with every thing else that was moveable, have been placed in the museum; the bones being consigned to their parent clay.” At Naples, we have an odd story of a bishop stealing 20 dollars; but a notice, more agreeable to our objects, is taken, of some admirable statues in the church of S. Severo. These are executed by a Venetian of the name of Corradini. "One represents a female, covered with a veil, which is most happily executed in marble, and has all the effect of a transparency. There is another of the same kind, a dead Christ, covered with the same thin gauze veil, which appears as if it were moist with the cold damp of death. There is also a statue of a figure in a nct, the celebrated work of Queirolo, a Genoese, which is a model of pains and patience. It is cut out of a single block; yet the net has many folds, and scarcely touches the statue." The Campo Santo, the great golgotha of Naples, is much more horrible than what we have transcribed respecting the funerals at Rome. "It is situated on a rising ground behind the town; about a mile and a half from the gate. Within its walls, are 365 caverns; one is open every day for the reception of the dead, the great mass of whom, as soon as the rites of religion have been performed, are brought here for sepulture. There were fifteen cast in, while we were there; men, women, and children, without a rag to cover them; literally fulfilling the words of Scripture,-"As he came forth out of his mother's womb, naked shall he return, to go as he came !" I looked down into this frightful charnel-house ;-it was a shocking sight;-a mass of blood and garbage, for many of the bodies had been opened at the hospitals. Cock-roaches, and other reptiles, were crawling about in all their glory. We fat all creatures else to fat us, and ve fat ourselves for maggots; that's the end!' "We made the sexton of this dreary abode, who, by the way, had been employed in this daily work for eleven years, open the stone of the next day's grave, which had been sealed up for a year. The flesh was entire 66 There were some women, saying Are Marias, within the square, for the departed souls of their friends; but, our arrival took them from this pious work, and set them upon some calculations, connected with us, and our carriage, and the number of it; to direct them, in the selection of lucky numbers in the lottery, upon their return to Naples!" "This is the trying minute, the rest is the affair of the tenth part of an instant. It appears to be the best of all modes of inflicting the punishment of death; combining the greatest impression on the spectator, with the least possible suffering to the victim. "It is so rapid, that I should doubt whether there were any suffering; but from the expression of the countenance, when the executioner held up the head, I am inclined to Quitting this city, Mr. M. visited Capua, Velletri, on his way back to Rome, where he witnessed an execution founded on some remarkable circumstances. He says, believe, that sense and consciousness may remain for a few seconds, after the head is off. The eyes seemed to retain speculation for a moment or two, and there was a look in the ghastly stare with which they glared upon the crowd, which implied that the head was aware of its ignominious situation. And indeed there is nothing improbable in this supposition, for in all injuries of the spine, whereby a communication with the sensorium is cut off, it is the parts below the injury which are deprived of sensation, while those above retain their sensibility. And so, in the case of decapitation, the muscles and nerves of the face and eyes, may for a short time continue to convey impressions to the brain, in spite of the se paration from the trunk." The remainder of the volume is much more dry than that portion whence we have compounded our review. Florence, Bologna, Venice, Padua, Milan, the Simplon, rambles about Switzerland, Lyons, Languedoc, Toulouse, Bourdeaux, and Paris, appear too much in the uninteresting shape of an itinerary, with politics and criticisms swelling out the table of contents, to afford entire content on the desk in the study. We shall not follow this course, but, in conclusion, pick out the plumbs for our readers, and leave the rest of the pudding, as Mr. M. would say, to be digested by more voracious appetites. "The culprit was a Fellow with a horrid face,' who had murdered his father. The murder was detected in a singular manner, affording an extraordinary instance of the sagacity and faithful attachment of the dog to his master. The disappearance of the deceased had given rise to inquiry, and the officers of police went to his cottage, where, on examining his son, they learned that his father had gone out to work as usual, a few days before, and had not been seen since. As the officers were continuing their search in the neighbourhood, their attention was excited by observing a dog, lying in a lone place; who seemed to endeavour to attract their notice, by scratching on some newly turned earth. Their curiosity was excited by something peculiar in his action and manner, to examine the spot;- where they found the body. It would seem that the dog must have been an unobserved witness of his master's murder, and had not forsaken his grave. On returning to the cottage with the body, the son was so struck with the Venice is at present remarkable for condiscovery made by the officers by means taining eight horses; the four of St. Mark, which he could not divine, that, concluding aud four kept by Lord Byron, who astonishes it must have been by supernatural intimation, the natives by riding them on an islandhe made a full confession of his guilt; choosing to be different from those about that he had beaten out his father's brains him: thus a swan among eagles or owls, as with a mallet, at the instigation of his mo- a British Senator, he must be a fowl of another, that he had dragged him to this bye-ther feather among the swans, ducks, or place, and there buried him. The mother was condemned to imprisonment for life;the son to the guillotine. He kept us waiting from ten o'clock till almost three; for the execution is delayed till the culprit is brought to a due state of penitence. "At last the bell rung, the Host was brought from a neighbouring church, that he might receive the last sacrament; and soon afterwards, the criminal was led out. Inglese was a passport on this as on other occasions. The guards that formed in a square round the guillotine, made way for me to pass; and I was introduced, almost against iny will, close to the scaffold. "A crucifix, and a black banner, with geese of the Venetian canals. Venice is also reported as famous for the manufacture of very small gold trinkets. The author bought a gold chain for 20 francs, an inch and a half long, and worked with the aid of inicroscopic glasses: surely these are not the links which restrain the noble bard from his country. In the lucubrations on France, we are informed, among other inhuman horrors of the revolution, that "Near Montelimart was the Chatean de Grignan, where Madame de Sévigné fell a victim to maternal anxiety, and was buried in the family vault. The Chateau was de stroyed during the fury of the Revolution and the leaden coflins in the vaults, presented too valuable a booty to be spared, by the brutal ruffians of those days. The body of Madame de Sévigné had been embalmed, and was found in a state of perfect preservation, richly dressed;-but no respect was paid to virtue even in the grave; every thing, even to the dress she wore, was pillaged and taken away; and the naked corpse leit to mingle, as it might, with its native dust. This unnatural war with the dead is one At pages 597, G11, and 714, of our ter makes him relate to the Duke of last year's volume, we noticed, as they Lerma, and a council of Spanish minisissued from the press, the earlier speci- ters, how he had employed himself, mens of these republished tracts, which and what he had achieved by his inare cheap, curious, and neatly got up. trigues; and some of his statements The two numbers at the head of this are remarkable even to the present day. article, together with seven of a histo-Among other things, he says, rical nature previously printed, make a All their voyages to the East Indies, I perto the period of the Stuarts, and enavery entertaining little 4to, belonging mit rather with a colourable resistance than a serious, because I see them not helpful out gold and treasure, bringing home spice, silks, feathers, and the like toyes, and insensibly wasting the common stock of coin and bullion, while it fills the custom-house, and some private purses, who thereby ena led to keep this discommodity on foot by bribes, especially so many great persons sharers in the gain; besides this, wasteth (even statesmen) being adventurers and their mariners, not one of ten returning, which I am glad to hear, for they are the men we stand in fear of of the most revolting features of the French bling us to read scarce works without but hurtful to the state in general, carrying the cost of bibliomania, the whole nine revolution No respect was paid to rank, or full assurance of his safety; but at the same real facts. Their West Indian voyages I withstand habit there, and fortifie themselves, and may them in earnest, because they begin to inin time perhaps raise another England, to withstand our new Spain in America; as this old England opposeth our present state, and clouds the glorious extents thereof of Europe, besides, there they trade for commodities without waste of their treasure, and often return gold for knives, glasses, and the like trifles, and that without such loss of their mariners, as in other places; therefore I crossed whatsoever intendiments does, because I see they may be hereafter were projected for Virgina, or the Burmureally helpful to them, as now they serve for drains to unload their populous state, which else would overflow its own banks, by continuance of peace, and turn head upon itself, or make a boly fit for any rebellion. This is a singular view of our East and West India trade and colonies nearly two centuries ago. The ambassador continues... But the last service I did for the state was admirable engine, Raleigh, and so was the not the least, when I underwrought that and damage to us was overthrown, and himcause his voyage threatening much danger self returning in disgrace, I pursued almost to death; neither but (I hope) need I say almost, if all things hit right, and all strings hold; the determination of my commission would not permit me longer to stay to folThis fine compliment was paralleled in a dif- low him to execution, which I desired the ferent way by another ambassador from Spain, rather, that by concession I might have who, when the Sardinian ambassador called all wrung from the inconsiderate English, an ther, and urged a complaint of their privileges those places, punishing him for attempting the foreign ministers resident in London toge- acknowledgement of my masters right in being violated by the seizure of some sinuggled there, though they might prescribe for the articles in his residence, and it appeared that he first foot; and this I did to stop their mouths had really lent his protection to cover the nefa-bereafter, and because I would quench the rious traffic, observed, that it was true the privileges of ambassadors ought to be held sacred, heat and valour of that nation, that none but if the King of Sardinia could not afford to should dare hereafter to undertake the like, send a gentleman, he ought not to keep a minis- or be so hardy as to look out at sea, or breath ter at the English or any court. we need hardly add, settled the business of the bring to an ignominous death, that old piThis remark, upon our coasts; and lastly, because I would meeting. Ed. rate, who is one of the last now living, bred under that deceased English Virago, sages which seem most likely to pass | ness it portended should not have taken up Her Majesty's a moneth, and given it the name Coronalis. and by her flesht in our blood and ruin to muster for novelty. do this I had many agents, first, divers cour-landing, 22d February, 1642, from I should give a relation of the magnificent iers who were hungry and gaped wide for the continent, with troops to aid her cereinonics performed therein, but it being royal spouse against the parliamentary Spanish gold, secondly, some that bare him The coronation of her son, Charles II. is very concisely and peculiarly described. Now come we to his Majesties coronation, where we may see those regal ornaments that for several years had lain obscure: This, was the crown profained by the lewd hands of those prostitute members at Westminster, when they seized on the Regalia, which by H. Martin, his advice was thought fit to be shared amongst the usurpers; this was the crown, afterwards violated, deprived and widowed of that sacred and royal head of King Charles the martyr: this was the crown that alone of all the insignia of majesty abhorred the idolatry of Cromwells usurpation, and escaped the ravishing and polluted hands of that tyrant; this was that crown which the malignity of a dire pestilence had envied the sight and blessing thereof to the city of London, his majesties imperial chamber, at his royal father's inauguration; and this was that crown, under whose just and antient descent, we have flourished ever since we were a nation, till our late anarchy His Majesty on the 22d of April, early in the morning, passed from Whitehall to the Thus we see, that to draw the pic-Tower by water; from thence to go through ture of England as a ruined country, is the city to Westminster Abby, there to be not a modern invention: we leave it to crowned. the reformers of 1820 to compare the two eras. {་༨་༡, *,!,་རྟེནཉེ་མ་ Two days were allotted to the consummation of this great and most celebrated action, the wonder and delight of all persons, both foreign and domestick, and Queen Henrietta," we select a few pas-pity it was that the solid and lasting happi From the "Life and Death of too large for an intended small tract, I choose rather to refer the reader to what on that Infinite and innumerable were the accla subject hath already been made publiek. mations and shouts from all the parts, as his Majesty passed along, to the no less joy than amazement of the spectators, who beheld those glorious personages that rid before and behind his majesty. Indeed it were in vain to attempt to express this solemnity, it was so far from being unutterable, that it is almost unconceivable, and much wonder it caused in outlandish persons, who were acquainted with our late troubles and confusions, which way it was possible for the English to appear in so rich and stately a manner. These examples are sufficient to illustrate our subject; and we have only to add, that this author asserts that the Queen married the Earl of St. Albans, after the execution of the Martyr King. ARCTIC ZOOLOGY. (Extracted from Scoresby's valuable publication.) Captain S. thinks the whale reaches the feet length of whalebone, in twelve years, magnitude called size, that is, with a six twenty or twenty-five. Whales, doubtless, live to a great age. The marks of age are an and attains its full growth at the age of increase in the quantity of grey colour in the skin, and a change to a yellowish tinge of the white parts about the head; a decrease in the quantity of oil yielded by a certain weight of blubber; an increase of hardness in the blubber, and in the thickness and strength of the ligamentous fibres of which it is partly composed." The maternal affection of the whale, which, in other respects, is apparently a stupid animal, is striking and interesting. The cub, being insensible to danger, is easily harpooned; when the tender attachment of the mother is so manifested as not unfrequently to bring it within the reach of the whalers. Hence, though a cub is of little value, seldom producing above a ton of oil, and often less, yet it is sometimes struck as a snare for its mother. In this case, she joins it at the surface of the water, whenever it has occasion to rise for respiration: encourages it to swim off; assists its flight, by taking it under her fin; and seldom deserts it while life remains. She is then dangerous to approach; but af fords frequent opportunities for attack. She loses all regard for her own safety, in anxiety for the preservation of her young; dashes through the midst of her enemies ;+ despises the danger that threatens her and even voluntarily remains with her offspring, after various attacks on herself from the harpoons of the fishers. In June 1811, one of my harpooners struck a sucker, with the hope of its leading to the capture of the mother. Presently she arose close by the “fastboat," and seizing the young one, dragged ters which belong generally to cetaceous about a hundred fathoms of line out of the length of 24 feet, and its herds are very nuboat with remarkable force and velocity. merous. This dolphin resembles the gramAgain she arose to the surface; darted furi- Whales are viviparous; they have but one pus, and it is often stranded. Hundreds ously to and fro; frequently stopped short, or young at a time, and suckle it with teats. have been destroyed at a time through accisuddenly changed her direction,and gave every They are furnished with lungs, and are un-dents of this kind. The Beluga, or White possible intimation of extreme agony. For der the necessity of approaching the surface Whale, is met with in families of from 5 to a length of time, she continued thus to act, of the water at intervals to respire in the air. 10 together. though closely pursued by the boats; and, The heart has two ventricles and two auriinspired with courage and resolution by her cles. The blood is warmer than in the huconcern for her offspring, seemed regardless man species; in a narwal that had been an of the danger which surrounded her. At hour and a half dead, the temperature of the length, one of the boats approached so near, blood was 97°; and in a mysticetus recently that a harpoon was hove at her. It hit, but killed, 102°. All of them inhabit the sea. did not attach itself. A second harpoon was Some of them procure their food by means struck; this also failed to penetrate: but a of a kind of sieve, composed of two fringes third was more effectual, and held, Still of whalebone; these have no teeth. Others she did not attempt to escape, but allowed have no whalebone, but are furnished with other boats to approach; so that, in a few teeth. They all have two lateral or pectoral minutes, three more harpoons were fasten-fins, with concealed bones like those of a ed; and, in the course of an hour after-hand; and a large flexible horizontal tail, wards, she was killed. which is the principal member of motion. There is something extremely painful in Some have a kind of dorsal fin, which is an the destruction of a whale, when thus evinc- adipose, or cartilaginous substance, without ing a degree of affectionate regard for its motion. This fin, varying in form, size and offspring, that would do honour to the supe- position, in different species, and being in a rior intelligence of human beings; yet the conspicuous situation, is well adapted for a object of the adventure, the value of the specific distinction. The appearance and diprize, the joy of the capture, cannot be sa-mension of the whalebone and teeth, especrificed to feelings of compassion. Whales, though often found in great numbers together, can scarcely be said to be gregarious; for they are found most generally solitary, or in pairs, excepting when drawn to the same spot, by the attraction of an abundance of palatable food, or of a choice situation of the ice. The superiority of the sexes, in point of numbers, seems to be in favour of the male. Of 124 whales which have been taken near Spitzbergen in eight years, in ships coinmanded by myself, 70 were males, and 54 were females, being in the proportion of five to four nearly. cially the former, are other specific charac- Of the quadrupeds inhabiting Spitzbergen and the icy seas adjacent, Capt. S. gives an interesting history; but we must abridge his observations without mercy. The Walrus, Morse, or Sea-horse, is a singular animal, and forms the connecting link between the mammalia of the land and the water, corresponding, in several of its characters, both with the bullock and the whale. It grows to the bulk of an ox. Its canine teeth, two in number, are of the length, externally, of 10 to 20 inches, (some naturalists say 3 feet,) and extend downward from the upper jaw, and include the point of the lower jaw between them. They are incurvated inward. Their full length, when cut out of the skull, is commonly 15 to 20 inches, sometimes almost 30; and their weight 5 to 10 pounds each, or upward. The walrus, being a slow, clumsy animal on land, its tusks seem necessary for its defence against the bear, and also for enabling it to raise its unweildy body upon the ice, when its access to the shore is prevented. The walrus is found on the shores of Spitzbergen, 12 to 15 feet in length, and 8 to 10 feet in circumference. When seen at a distance, the front part of the head of the young walrus, without tusks, is not unlike the human face. As this animal is in the habit of rearing its head above water, to look at ships, and other passing objects, it is not at all improbable but that it may have afforded foundation for some of the stories of mermaids. I have It differs from the mysticetus in its form myself seen a sea-horse in such a position, being less cylindrical, and its body being and under such circumstances, that it requirlonger and more slender; in its whalebone ed little stretch of imagination to mistake it being shorter; in its produce in blubber and for a human being; so like indeed was it, oil being less; in its colour being of a bluer that the surgeon of the ship actually reporttinge; in its fins being more in number; ined to me his having seen a man with his head its breathing or blowing being more violent; in its speed being greater; in its actions being quicker and more restless, and in its conduct being bolder. The mysticetus occurs more abundantly in the frozen seas of Greenland and Davis' Strait, in the bays of Baffin and Hudson,in the sea to the northward of Behring's Strait, and along some parts of the northern shores of Asia, and probably America, The Esquimaux eat the flesh and fat of the whale, and drink the oil with greediness. Indeed, some tribes who are not familiarised with spirituous liquors, carry along with them in their canoes, in their fishing excur sions, bladders filled with oil, which they use in the same way, and with a similar relish, that a British sailor does a dram. They also eat the skin of the whale raw, both adults and children; for it is not uncommon, when the females visit the whale ships, for them to help themselves to pieces of skin, preferring those with which a little blubber is connected, and to give it as food to their infants suspended on their backs, who suck it with apparent delight. Blubber, when pickled and boiled, is said to be very palatable; the tail, when par-boiled and then fried, is said to be not unsavoury, but even agreeable eating; and the flesh of young whales, I know from experiment, is by no means indifferent food. I shall conclude this account of the mysticetus, with a sketch of some of the charae The B. Physalis is the longest of the whale tribe; and, probably, the most powerful and bulky of created beings. The length of the physalis is about 100 feet; its greatest circumference 30 or 35. just appearing above the surface of the water. Seals exhibit themselves in a similar way; the heads of some, at a distance, are not unlike the human head; the resemblance, however, is not so striking as that presented by the walrus. One was found dead in Davis' Straits 105 The walrus is a fearless animal. It pays The Delphinus Deductor, called also the tack made upon one individual, draws all obliges them to disperse. When on shore, they are best killed with long sharp pointed knives. The tusk of the walrus, which are hard, white, and compact ivory, are employed by dentists in the fabrication of false teeth. Seals (Phocæ,) are too well known to need much observation. The voice of the young seal, when in pain or distress, is a whining cry, resembling that of a child. Seals appear to hear well when under water; music, or particularly a person whistling, draws them to the surface, and induces thein to stretch their necks to the utmost extent, so as to prove a snare, by bringing them within reach of the shooter. The most effectual way of shooting them is by the use of small shot fired into their eyes; when killed with a bullet, they generally sink and are lost. Seals are often seen on their passage from one situation to another, in very large shoals. In such cases, for the sake of respiration, they all appear every now and then at the surface together, springing up so as to raise their heads and necks, and often their whole bodies out of the water. Their progress is pretty rapid; their actions appear frisky and their general conduct is productive of amusement to the spectator. The sailors, when they observe such a shoal, call it a' seal's wedding.' (To be concluded in our next.) reaching the bottom, and thus producing a whatever advantages they possessed over the Gentiles in the purity of religious worship, they certainly were behind them in literature and the elegant arts. Mr. Campbell then turned to the poets of Greece, and began of course with Homer. It would be doing great injustice to Mr. C. and no credit to ourselves, if we were A great degree of facility will be obtained to attempt to give to our readers, from by etching out the first line with the common memory, even a sketch of this part of the etching-needle, and afterwards putting on lecture. His observations upon the great the cross line with the varnish; and by this Grecian hard were so interwoven, and arose means there will be much more variety, re-so naturally out of each other, his illustra gularity, and beauty in the effect, than if tions were so happy, and conveyed in lanthe whole had been done with the varnish. guage so correct and so brilliant, that we I have found from experience, that the feel ourselves unequal to the task of even best mode of proceeding is to lay an etching general description, Mr. C. differed entirely ground upon the copper, as in the ordinary from Mr. Bryant and Professor Wolf; the operation of etching; to remove the first former of whom disbelieved the existence of lines, or rather interstices, with the needle, Troy, and of the war which forms the suband then to put on the cross-lines with the ject of the Iliad; and the latter of whom varnish. Should this cramp the freedon of doubted the identity of Homer himself, for the artist in some parts, he can easily scrape he considered him only as one of many rhapoff the etching ground, and draw those with sodists who sang the war of Troy, although the varnish. the whole poem has reached us under his Although this discovery must still be con- name. Upon the first point he said, that alsidered in its infancy, and very incomplete, though Homer had enriched his story with yet it is probable that much may be done all the ornaments of poetry, yet, as to the with it, if proper materials can be found out main fact of the confederation of the states to work with. It possesses every advantage of Greece against Troy, he saw no rational which common engraving does, and at the ground for scepticism." It never was doubtsame time all the advantages of engraving oned by the Greeks themselves, who certainly wood; and, above all, it enables us to pro- had better means of forming a judgment cure as many impressions as can be taken upon the subject than any modern critic, ARTS AND SCIENCES. from types. The greatest difficulty to be however learned. With regard to the other surmounted, is to obtain a substitute for the point, viz.; whether Homer was really the (From the Edinburgh Philosophical Journal.) varnish, which will flow from a pen or pencit author of the whole poem, he considered the LIZARS' ENGRAVINGS.-In the operation like Indian ink; for as the varnish has a ten-authority of the Greeks, again, as decisive, of engraving, the desired effect is produced dency to dry, and get tough in the pencil, by making incisions upon the copper-plate the operation is by this circumstance very with a steel instrument of an angular shape, considerably impeded. Other substances which incisions are filled with printing-ink, than copper may be used; and experience and transferred to the paper by the pressure may prove them to be better adapted to the of a roller, which is passed over its surface. purpose. I, says Mr. L. the inventor have There is another mode of producing these tried wood covered with white lead and lines or incisions by means of diluted nitrous strong glue, with considerable success, acid, which is well known, and in which the but not with so much as copper; and impression is taken in the same way. The it may be as well, for the sake of those new mode of engraving is done upon a prin- who may think it worth their while to make ciple exactly the reverse, for instead of the other trials, to mention, that I have used subject being cut into the copper, it is the lead, pewter, type-metal, zinc, and brass, interstice between these lines which is re-all with various success, but have still found moved by diluted acid, (commonly called, copper superior to them all. Mr. Sivright Aquafortis) and the lines are left as the sur- of Meggetland, a gentleman well known in face: from which the impression is taken, this city for his scientific acquirements, and by means of a common type printing-press, to whom, during these experiments, I was instead of a copper-plate press. much indebted, used with very great success This is effected by drawing with turpentine the same kind of limestone which is employvarnish, coloured with lamp black, what-ed in lithography. 68 feet below a bed of soft earth. Perceivever is required upon the plate, and when I have also tried various kinds of varnishes, ing some bones project from it, he carefully the varnish is thoroughly dry, the acid is viz. mastic varnish, japan, liquid etching- took away the earth, and found the whole poured upon it, and the interstice of course ground, copal varnish, and spirit varnish, upper part of the head of an animal of imremoved by its action upon the uncovered, but have found the best to be common tur- mense size, 46 inches long, 30 broad, and part of the copper. If the subject is very pentine varnish, or resin dissolved in turpen-weighing above 200lbs. full of dark shading, this operation will be tine. performed with little risk of accident, and with the removal of very little of the interstice between the lines; but if the distance between the lines is great, the risk and difficulty is very much increased, and it will be requisite to cut away the parts which surround the lines with a graver, in order to prevent the dabber with the printing ink from and they had never raised a question upon the subject. Besides, the Iliad itself contained intrinsic evidence that it was the production of one mind-the unity of the planthe consistency of all its parts, and of the characters, shewed that it could not have been composed by a number of unconnected individuals, and collected in after ages into one poem. We shall only add, that Mr. C. seemed to think that Homer was fully deserving of the exalted station in which he has been placed by the common consent of mankind. Henkelum, March 28. An inhabitant of this place, of the name of Wilgen, has found upon his land, which has been inundated to a great depth, a very large mass of solid clay, which is supposed to have been washed up from the depth of A voyage of discovery is to be undertaken ROYAL INSTITUTION.-Mr. Campbell, on next summer, from the mouth of the Lena Wednesday, gave his second Lecture upon into the Frozen Ocean, to examine the north Poetry. He began with adverting to the coast of Siberia, and the islands to the north most ancient. poetry with which we are ac- of that country which were discovered several quainted, viz.; that of the Old Testament; years ago. As the islands in question (which and pointed out some passages of great beau- for any thing we know may form a considerty and sublimity. He sail that the Hebrews able continent), bave only been visited in did not cultivate poetry, and observed, that winter, it will no doubt be very interesting |